論聚眾犯罪
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-08-07 16:23
【摘要】：聚眾犯罪是我國一種常見的犯罪類型，國外法律條文中雖然沒有聚眾犯罪這個(gè)概念，卻有相類似的罪名。近年來，此類犯罪造成的社會(huì)影響越來越嚴(yán)重，更有人稱之為“爆炸性罪”，可見其危害之大。因此，深入、迫切地研究“聚眾犯罪”顯得日益突出。然而，聚眾犯罪在我國的刑法中并沒有清晰的界定，理論上也沒有給出明確的概念，在司法實(shí)踐運(yùn)用中各種分歧表現(xiàn)的很明顯，這都給司法工作的正常進(jìn)行造成了很大阻礙。本文中筆者以聚眾犯罪基本理論為重點(diǎn)，結(jié)合司法實(shí)踐，對(duì)聚眾犯罪的基本問題展開深入探討。本篇論文結(jié)構(gòu)上大體分為三部分：第一部分主要是聚眾犯罪的概述；第二部分重點(diǎn)分析了聚眾犯罪的司法認(rèn)定；第三部分結(jié)合筆者觀點(diǎn)分析目前聚眾犯罪的立法缺陷以及如何加以完善。 第一部分的內(nèi)容主要圍繞聚眾犯罪如何定義。聚眾犯罪是我國特有的犯罪，根據(jù)其特殊性，筆者主要從聚眾犯罪的概念、特征、構(gòu)成、分類、以及現(xiàn)狀等方面著手展開。第一，通過對(duì)國內(nèi)理論界一些主流觀點(diǎn)的對(duì)比分析，提出什么是聚眾犯罪，即聚眾犯罪是指刑法分則明文規(guī)定的，在首要分子的作用下以聚眾的行為方式實(shí)施的一種特殊犯罪類型；然后根據(jù)聚眾犯罪的概念，提出聚眾犯罪具有“法定性”、“聚眾性”、“首要分子必備性”的特征。第二，對(duì)聚眾犯罪的構(gòu)成要件從客體、客觀方面、主體、主觀方面四個(gè)部分進(jìn)行了概述。第三，根據(jù)分類標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的不同，將聚眾犯罪分為三類：純正的聚眾犯罪、選擇的聚眾犯罪、加重的聚眾犯罪。第四，從國外和國內(nèi)兩方面對(duì)聚眾犯罪的現(xiàn)狀進(jìn)行了分析。 第二部分的內(nèi)容，重點(diǎn)研究如何對(duì)聚眾犯罪進(jìn)行司法認(rèn)定。筆者主要從“罪與非罪的認(rèn)定”、“加重情節(jié)的認(rèn)定”和“轉(zhuǎn)化犯的認(rèn)定”三個(gè)方面進(jìn)行研究。那么，到底如何對(duì)聚眾犯罪進(jìn)行司法認(rèn)定呢？第一，要明確如何將罪與非罪區(qū)分開，筆者認(rèn)為要做到“三區(qū)分”，即“區(qū)分情節(jié)”、“區(qū)分主體”、“區(qū)分性質(zhì)”。第二，分析刑法分則中聚眾犯罪的加重情節(jié)，通過參加聚眾犯罪的人數(shù)，實(shí)施犯罪行為的范圍、規(guī)模、行為后果，以及參加者是否持械等方面對(duì)聚眾犯罪的加重情節(jié)進(jìn)行認(rèn)定。第三，關(guān)于轉(zhuǎn)化犯問題，，筆者首先分析了聚眾犯罪轉(zhuǎn)化犯的概念及其特征；然后對(duì)聚眾犯罪轉(zhuǎn)化犯的典型即“聚眾斗毆罪的轉(zhuǎn)化犯”以及聚眾“打砸搶”的轉(zhuǎn)化犯分別進(jìn)行了分析。 在第三部分內(nèi)容里，加入了筆者的一些觀點(diǎn)和看法，探討了聚眾犯罪都有哪些立法缺陷，從而結(jié)合自己的觀點(diǎn)提出一些完善意見。第一，聚眾犯罪是我國刑法中較大的類罪，但是立法上對(duì)聚眾犯罪相關(guān)概念規(guī)定不夠明確，導(dǎo)致目前理論界和實(shí)踐中對(duì)聚眾犯罪的界定不盡相同，給準(zhǔn)確理解聚眾犯罪的內(nèi)涵，正確地進(jìn)行司法適用，制造了障礙。針對(duì)此問題筆者建議增設(shè)“聚眾犯罪”的法定概念。第二，雖然刑法分則中關(guān)于聚眾犯罪的條文，大部分能夠明確聚眾犯罪的責(zé)任主體以及對(duì)首要分子和積極參加者如何定罪量刑，但仍有部分條文對(duì)聚眾犯罪責(zé)任主體的規(guī)定不夠明確，那么司法機(jī)關(guān)在審理聚眾犯罪案件時(shí)，司法人員對(duì)聚眾犯罪中規(guī)定不明確的犯罪主體，無法進(jìn)行準(zhǔn)確的認(rèn)定，認(rèn)定無法可依勢(shì)必給司法實(shí)踐和運(yùn)用造成不良的后果。針對(duì)此問題筆者建議在刑法分則中明確聚眾犯罪的責(zé)任主體。第三，刑法分則雖然對(duì)聚眾“打砸搶”這一類型犯罪采取了規(guī)制手段，但仍有不合理因素存在，對(duì)聚眾“打砸搶”犯罪中的“首要分子”、“積極分子”、“一般參加者”如何定罪量刑，有著不夠合理的地方。針對(duì)該不足筆者認(rèn)為應(yīng)當(dāng)合理定罪量刑聚眾“打砸搶”行為，希望對(duì)聚眾犯罪的研究以及司法完善有些幫助。
[Abstract]:The crime is a common type of crime in our country. Although there is no crime in foreign laws, there are similar crimes. In recent years, the social impact of such crimes is becoming more and more serious, and more people call it "Explosive Crime", which is very harmful. Therefore, the "crime of gathering" is studied deeply and urgently. However, there is no clear definition in the criminal law of our country, but there is no clear concept in theory. All kinds of differences in judicial practice are obvious. This has greatly hindered the normal conduct of judicial work. In this paper, the author focuses on the basic theory of the crime of gathering and combining with the Department. The basic problems of the crime are discussed in depth. The structure of this paper is divided into three parts: the first part is mainly the summary of the crime of gathering the crowd; the second part focuses on the analysis of the judicial cognizance of the congregation crime; the third part analyzes the legislative defects and how to perfect the present congregation crime in the light of the author's viewpoint.
The first part is mainly about the definition of the crime of gathering people. The crime is a special crime in our country. According to its particularity, the author begins with the concept, characteristics, composition, classification, and the status quo of the crime of gathering. First, through the comparative analysis of the mainstream views of the domestic theorists, the author puts forward what is the crime of gathering. Condense crime refers to a special type of crime which is prescribed by the penal code and under the role of the principal elements in the action of the crowd. Then, according to the concept of the crime of the crowd, it is proposed that the crime has the characteristics of "legality", "congenality" and "essential elements essential". Second, the constitution of the crime of gathering the crowd. Four parts are summarized from the object, the objective aspect, the subject and the subjective aspect. Third, according to the different classification standards, the crime of gathering the crowd is divided into three categories: the innocent crime, the selected crime of gathering, the aggravated crime of the crowd. Fourth, the present situation of the crime is analyzed from the two aspects of the foreign and domestic aspects.
The second part focuses on how to make judicial cognizance to the crime of the crowd. The author mainly studies the three aspects: "the identification of crime and non crime", "the affirmation of the aggravated plot" and "the cognizance of the transformation offenders". The author thinks it is necessary to make a "three distinction", that is, "distinguish the plot", "distinguish the subject", "distinguish the nature". Second, analyze the aggravated plot of the crime in the criminal code, through the number of people who participate in the crime, the scope, the scale, the consequences of the behavior, and whether the participants are armed, and the aggravation of the crime. Third, on the issue of transformation offense, the author first analyzes the concept and characteristics of the criminal transformation offender, and then analyzes the typical crime transformation offender, namely, "the transformation of the crime of fights in the crowd" and the transformation of the "smash and smash".
In the third part, we have joined the author's views and views, and discussed the legislative defects of the crime of gathering, and put forward some perfect opinions on the basis of his own viewpoint. First, the crime of gathering the crowd is a big crime in the criminal law of our country, but the relevant concept of the crime is not clear enough in the legislature, which leads to the current theoretical circle. The definition of the crime is different from the practice, to correctly understand the connotation of the crime, to correctly apply the judicial application, and to create the obstacles. In view of this problem, the author proposes to add the legal concept of "the crime of gathering the crowd". Second, although the provisions of the criminal law on the crime of gathering a lot, most of them can make clear the responsibility for the crime. As well as how to convict and sentencing the principal and active participants, there are still some provisions that are not clear enough on the provisions of the subject of the collective crime. Then, when the judicial organs hear the crime cases in the crowd, the judicial personnel can not make the exact identification of the subject of the crime, which can not be determined, and it is bound to be given to the Department. The practice and application of the law have caused bad consequences. In view of this problem, the author suggests that the subject of the responsibility for the crime of the public is clearly defined in the penal code. Third, although the penal code adopts the regulatory means to the type of crime of "smashing and stealing", there are still unreasonable factors and the "principal elements" in the crime of "smashing and smashing", " It is not reasonable enough for the activists to convict the sentencing of the general participants. In view of the deficiency, the author thinks that the "smashing and looting" should be made in a reasonable conviction and sentencing, hoping to help the research of the crime of gathering and the perfection of the judicature.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：河南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：D924.36
本文編號(hào)：2170626
[Abstract]:The crime is a common type of crime in our country. Although there is no crime in foreign laws, there are similar crimes. In recent years, the social impact of such crimes is becoming more and more serious, and more people call it "Explosive Crime", which is very harmful. Therefore, the "crime of gathering" is studied deeply and urgently. However, there is no clear definition in the criminal law of our country, but there is no clear concept in theory. All kinds of differences in judicial practice are obvious. This has greatly hindered the normal conduct of judicial work. In this paper, the author focuses on the basic theory of the crime of gathering and combining with the Department. The basic problems of the crime are discussed in depth. The structure of this paper is divided into three parts: the first part is mainly the summary of the crime of gathering the crowd; the second part focuses on the analysis of the judicial cognizance of the congregation crime; the third part analyzes the legislative defects and how to perfect the present congregation crime in the light of the author's viewpoint.
The first part is mainly about the definition of the crime of gathering people. The crime is a special crime in our country. According to its particularity, the author begins with the concept, characteristics, composition, classification, and the status quo of the crime of gathering. First, through the comparative analysis of the mainstream views of the domestic theorists, the author puts forward what is the crime of gathering. Condense crime refers to a special type of crime which is prescribed by the penal code and under the role of the principal elements in the action of the crowd. Then, according to the concept of the crime of the crowd, it is proposed that the crime has the characteristics of "legality", "congenality" and "essential elements essential". Second, the constitution of the crime of gathering the crowd. Four parts are summarized from the object, the objective aspect, the subject and the subjective aspect. Third, according to the different classification standards, the crime of gathering the crowd is divided into three categories: the innocent crime, the selected crime of gathering, the aggravated crime of the crowd. Fourth, the present situation of the crime is analyzed from the two aspects of the foreign and domestic aspects.
The second part focuses on how to make judicial cognizance to the crime of the crowd. The author mainly studies the three aspects: "the identification of crime and non crime", "the affirmation of the aggravated plot" and "the cognizance of the transformation offenders". The author thinks it is necessary to make a "three distinction", that is, "distinguish the plot", "distinguish the subject", "distinguish the nature". Second, analyze the aggravated plot of the crime in the criminal code, through the number of people who participate in the crime, the scope, the scale, the consequences of the behavior, and whether the participants are armed, and the aggravation of the crime. Third, on the issue of transformation offense, the author first analyzes the concept and characteristics of the criminal transformation offender, and then analyzes the typical crime transformation offender, namely, "the transformation of the crime of fights in the crowd" and the transformation of the "smash and smash".
In the third part, we have joined the author's views and views, and discussed the legislative defects of the crime of gathering, and put forward some perfect opinions on the basis of his own viewpoint. First, the crime of gathering the crowd is a big crime in the criminal law of our country, but the relevant concept of the crime is not clear enough in the legislature, which leads to the current theoretical circle. The definition of the crime is different from the practice, to correctly understand the connotation of the crime, to correctly apply the judicial application, and to create the obstacles. In view of this problem, the author proposes to add the legal concept of "the crime of gathering the crowd". Second, although the provisions of the criminal law on the crime of gathering a lot, most of them can make clear the responsibility for the crime. As well as how to convict and sentencing the principal and active participants, there are still some provisions that are not clear enough on the provisions of the subject of the collective crime. Then, when the judicial organs hear the crime cases in the crowd, the judicial personnel can not make the exact identification of the subject of the crime, which can not be determined, and it is bound to be given to the Department. The practice and application of the law have caused bad consequences. In view of this problem, the author suggests that the subject of the responsibility for the crime of the public is clearly defined in the penal code. Third, although the penal code adopts the regulatory means to the type of crime of "smashing and stealing", there are still unreasonable factors and the "principal elements" in the crime of "smashing and smashing", " It is not reasonable enough for the activists to convict the sentencing of the general participants. In view of the deficiency, the author thinks that the "smashing and looting" should be made in a reasonable conviction and sentencing, hoping to help the research of the crime of gathering and the perfection of the judicature.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：河南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：D924.36
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