【摘要】：通過(guò)對(duì)趙春華案及22個(gè)類似案件展開(kāi)實(shí)證分析,可以揭示出非法持有槍支罪的司法偏差與立法缺陷。在定罪問(wèn)題上,趙春華沒(méi)有犯罪故意,其他案件的被告人極有可能也是如此。審理這些案件的法院大多在沒(méi)有討論是否存在犯罪故意的情況下而徑直做出有罪判決,其正當(dāng)性存在疑問(wèn)。由于主觀構(gòu)成要件被虛置,非法持有槍支罪在一定程度上被法院濫用了。在量刑問(wèn)題上,這些案件普遍得到了從輕處罰,緩刑適用率很高,甚至部分不符合緩刑適用條件的案件也被法院適用了緩刑。在法律規(guī)定的范圍內(nèi)對(duì)被告人進(jìn)行從輕處罰具有一定的合理性,超出法律的規(guī)定強(qiáng)行對(duì)不符合條件的案件適用緩刑,在合法性上存在疑問(wèn)。我國(guó)對(duì)于非法持有槍支罪的立法存在缺陷。這個(gè)缺陷不是公安部的槍支認(rèn)定標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的門(mén)檻太低,而是非法持有槍支罪的空白罪狀中的"槍支管理規(guī)定"為公安部的槍支認(rèn)定標(biāo)準(zhǔn)進(jìn)入刑事審判領(lǐng)域提供了法律依據(jù)。將"槍支管理規(guī)定"修改為"槍支管理法律",可以防止趙春華案的再次發(fā)生,還能夠?qū)⑽覈?guó)目前對(duì)于槍支的單一刑法管理體制轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)樾谭ê托姓ǘ⑿械墓芾眢w制。
[Abstract]:Through the empirical analysis of Zhao Chunhua case and 22 similar cases, the judicial deviation and legislative defects of the crime of illegal possession of firearms can be revealed. On the issue of conviction, Zhao Chunhua did not intend to commit a crime, and the defendants in other cases are likely to do the same. Most of the courts hearing these cases have ruled directly without discussing the existence of criminal intent, and their legitimacy is in doubt. The crime of illegal possession of firearms has been abused by the court to some extent because the subjective elements are fictitious. On the issue of sentencing, these cases are generally given a lighter punishment, the application rate of probation is very high, even some cases that do not meet the applicable conditions of probation are also applied by the court. It is reasonable to punish the defendant with lighter punishment within the scope of the law. Beyond the provisions of the law, probation is applied to the cases that do not meet the conditions, and there is doubt on the legality. There are some defects in the legislation of illegal possession of firearms in our country. This defect is not that the threshold of the Ministry of Public Security's gun recognition standard is too low, but that the "gun control regulations" in the blank case of illegal possession of firearms provide a legal basis for the Ministry of Public Security's gun recognition standard to enter the field of criminal trial. Amending the "regulations on Gun Control" into "the Law on Gun Control" can prevent the recurrence of Zhao Chunhua's case, and can also transform the single criminal law system for guns in our country into a dual administrative system of criminal law and administrative law.
【作者單位】： 天津財(cái)經(jīng)大學(xué)法學(xué)院;
【基金】：國(guó)家社科基金重大項(xiàng)目“構(gòu)建中國(guó)特色案例制度的綜合系統(tǒng)研究”(項(xiàng)目編號(hào):16ZDA068)的階段性研究成果 中國(guó)法學(xué)會(huì)部級(jí)法學(xué)研究課題“刑事指導(dǎo)性案例的法教義學(xué)研究”(項(xiàng)目編號(hào):CLS2016D45)的階段性成果
【分類號(hào)】：D924.3
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本文編號(hào)：2166410