【摘要】：代孕技術(shù)的出現(xiàn)是近代科學(xué)技術(shù)發(fā)展的一大創(chuàng)舉，與人類的繁衍傳承息息相關(guān)。其出現(xiàn)打破了人們長(zhǎng)久以來形成的傳統(tǒng)觀念，在社會(huì)、倫理、道德、法律、生物學(xué)、醫(yī)學(xué)等領(lǐng)域都產(chǎn)生了一系列的連鎖反應(yīng)，作為一種新興科學(xué)技術(shù)，代孕對(duì)社會(huì)形成了巨大的沖擊，我們面對(duì)這一新興事物，應(yīng)當(dāng)采取何種應(yīng)對(duì)方式，對(duì)人類以后的生存發(fā)展都至關(guān)重要。大自然的報(bào)復(fù)使人類的健康水平下降，人類內(nèi)部也有人在毀壞種族的根基，越來越多的人們需要依靠代孕來開枝散葉。 但是隨著代孕技術(shù)的發(fā)展，帶來了許多前所未有的問題，針對(duì)這些新狀況世界上有些國家有針對(duì)性地制定了相關(guān)的法律對(duì)其進(jìn)行規(guī)范，有些國家卻新形勢(shì)下選擇了不戰(zhàn)而逃，不主動(dòng)解決這些問題，造成的危害結(jié)果愈演愈烈。本文針對(duì)在代孕問題上持有這兩種態(tài)度中具有代表性國家的立法一一進(jìn)行了列舉分析，其中美國、英國、加拿大等國在代孕問題上采取了肯定的措施，與之相反，德國、日本、法國等國家則否定了代孕，但不管如何，這些國家均在其法律規(guī)定中體現(xiàn)了自己的立場(chǎng)，制定了較為詳盡的細(xì)節(jié)，通過查閱資料，筆者看到，中國是否認(rèn)代孕的國家，而且在相關(guān)方面的立法卻少到可以忽略不計(jì)。 通過對(duì)各國相關(guān)立法的分析和比較，理清了國際社會(huì)上代孕立法的總體趨勢(shì)，逐漸對(duì)代孕發(fā)放“通行證”是必須的，但需要開放的類型只能限于非商業(yè)性的代孕，具體類型涉及到妊娠型代孕技術(shù)當(dāng)中的某幾種，通過借鑒各國立法中的優(yōu)點(diǎn)，筆者提出了我國針對(duì)代孕進(jìn)行相關(guān)刑事立法的見解，期望通過自己的分析討論，能夠?qū)ξ覈诖蟹矫娴牧⒎ㄆ鸬揭欢ǖ膮⒖甲饔�，，預(yù)防和打擊代孕犯罪，促進(jìn)代孕事業(yè)在我國健康有序的發(fā)展，使代孕這項(xiàng)尖端技術(shù)能夠真正為人民服務(wù)。
[Abstract]:The emergence of surrogate technology is a major innovation in the development of modern science and technology, closely related to the reproduction and inheritance of human beings. It breaks the traditional idea that people have formed for a long time. It has produced a series of chain reactions in the fields of society, ethics, morality, law, biology, medicine and so on, as a new science and technology. Surrogacy has a great impact on the society. In the face of this new thing, how to deal with it is very important for the survival and development of mankind. The retaliation of nature has reduced the health of human beings, and there are also people inside people who are destroying racial roots. More and more people need to rely on surrogacy to open their branches and spread their leaves. However, with the development of surrogacy technology, it has brought many unprecedented problems. In the light of these new conditions, some countries in the world have formulated relevant laws to regulate them, while some countries have chosen not to fight and fled in the new situation. If we do not take the initiative to solve these problems, the harmful results will become more and more serious. This paper enumerates and analyzes the legislation of the representative countries that hold these two attitudes on surrogacy. The United States, Britain, Canada and other countries have taken affirmative measures on surrogacy. In contrast, Germany and Japan have taken positive measures on surrogacy. France and other countries have denied surrogacy, but in any case, these countries have reflected their position in their laws and regulations and worked out more detailed details. By consulting the data, the author has seen that China is a country that denies surrogacy. And legislation in related areas is negligible. Through the analysis and comparison of the relevant legislation of various countries, the general trend of surrogacy legislation in the international community has been clarified. Gradually, it is necessary to issue "pass" to surrogacy, but the types of surrogacy that need to be opened up can only be restricted to non-commercial surrogacy. The specific types relate to some kinds of surrogacy technology of pregnancy type. By referring to the advantages of the legislation of various countries, the author puts forward some opinions on the criminal legislation related to surrogacy in our country, and expects to discuss it through his own analysis and discussion. It can play a certain reference role in the legislation of surrogacy in our country, prevent and crack down on surrogacy crime, promote the healthy and orderly development of surrogacy in our country, and make surrogate this cutting-edge technology can really serve the people.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：重慶大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：D924.3

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