本文選題：三階層論　切入點：四要件說　出處：《清華法學(xué)》2017年05期

【摘要】：如果單純看結(jié)局,三階層犯罪論和犯罪構(gòu)成四要件說對大量案件的處理都是相同的。但是,對某些疑難案件的定性,按照四要件說得出不當(dāng)結(jié)論的可能性增大,且其無法體系性地解決好共犯論、刑罰論的相關(guān)問題,在方法論上存在不足,因此實務(wù)上必須采用階層論。三階層和二階層的差別僅僅在假想防衛(wèi)、假想避險的處理上具有教義學(xué)意義,對實踐的影響基本可以忽略不計。但是,采用三階層論在我國當(dāng)下具有刑事政策上的意義,有助于貫徹罪刑法定原則。實務(wù)上將三階層論作為分析工具,并不意味著必須使用其術(shù)語,只要在處理案件時先審查犯罪客觀要件等違法要件,再判斷責(zé)任要件;先對犯罪的一般條件進行分析,再例外地考慮違法阻卻事由和責(zé)任阻卻事由,確保一般判斷、事實判斷、違法判斷在前,例外判斷、規(guī)范判斷、責(zé)任判斷在后,就是堅持了階層論。階層論不僅科學(xué)合理,而且簡便易學(xué),實務(wù)上沒有理由排斥階層犯罪論。
[Abstract]:If we simply look at the outcome, the theory of three-class crime and the four elements of the constitution of a crime are all the same in dealing with a large number of cases. However, for the qualitative analysis of some difficult cases, the possibility of reaching an improper conclusion according to the four elements is increased. And it can not solve the related problems of the theory of accomplice and penalty in a systematic way, so it is necessary to adopt the theory of class in practice. The difference between three strata and two strata is only in the hypothetical defense. The treatment of hypothetical risk avoidance has doctrinal significance, and the influence on practice can be ignored. However, the adoption of three-class theory has the significance of criminal policy in our country at present. It is helpful to carry out the principle of legally prescribed punishment for a crime. Taking the three-class theory as an analytical tool in practice does not mean that it is necessary to use its terms, so long as the illegal elements such as objective elements of crime are examined first, and then the elements of responsibility are judged when dealing with cases. We first analyze the general conditions of the crime, and then exceptionally consider the reason for the obstruction of the law and the reason for the obstruction of the responsibility, to ensure that the general judgment, the fact judgment, the illegal judgment are before, the exception judgment, the standard judgment, the responsibility judgment is after, Class theory is not only scientific and reasonable, but also simple and easy to learn. There is no reason to reject stratum crime theory in practice.
【作者單位】： 清華大學(xué)法學(xué)院;
【分類號】：D924.1

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