本文選題：性別差異　切入點：刑法保護(hù)差異性　出處：《揚(yáng)州大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：性別差異是一個客觀的自然事實,性別平等則是當(dāng)今人類社會法律制度所追求的重要價值之一。只有對性別差異進(jìn)行保護(hù),才能實現(xiàn)真正的性別平等,而實現(xiàn)性別保護(hù)差異并不代表絕對差異,保護(hù)平等始終是主題。基于性別的保護(hù)差異性在刑法上不應(yīng)該只是一個空洞的概念,而應(yīng)該具象化,具體表現(xiàn)在生命權(quán)、性自由權(quán)、人身不受買賣權(quán)三個方面�；谛詣e的保護(hù)差異性在刑法中的體現(xiàn)歸根結(jié)底是犯罪主體和犯罪對象的差異性。從審判時懷孕的婦女不適用死刑的角度以及《刑法修正案(九)》對嫖宿幼女罪的修改,體現(xiàn)我國刑法中差異存在的合理性,但也強(qiáng)調(diào)應(yīng)當(dāng)進(jìn)行有效控制;從強(qiáng)奸罪、拐賣婦女、兒童罪上提出了不平等存在的根源以及需要法律的修整才能合乎現(xiàn)實。我國刑法的現(xiàn)實角度展現(xiàn)出基于性別的立法差異性,然而這種差異性亦有深刻的歷史原因,但從總體趨勢來看,承認(rèn)差異和保護(hù)平等成為方向�！缎谭ㄐ拚�(九)》對強(qiáng)制猥褻犯罪的修改,為我們解決上述面臨的問題提供合理的路徑,可以說該部分是對整篇文章展開的根基,也是反思的基礎(chǔ)。這種差異性存在的深刻理由在理論上總體而言是從犯罪構(gòu)成的角度體現(xiàn)的。從犯罪主體角度提出刑法保護(hù)審判時懷孕的婦女和對幼女加強(qiáng)保護(hù)的合理性是保護(hù)性別差異的體現(xiàn),而強(qiáng)奸罪的主體排除女性卻是性別保護(hù)上不公平的差異;從犯罪對象的角度認(rèn)識到強(qiáng)奸罪的犯罪對象將男性以及拐賣犯罪將已滿十四周歲男性排除在外,這種限縮保護(hù)對象的方法造成實際上的不平等,因而需要正確認(rèn)識平等和差異,提出平等基礎(chǔ)上的差異性原理,再對這種差異性進(jìn)行刑法學(xué)理論上的深入理解,從平等與差異的角度貫徹理解這種刑法的規(guī)定模式,差異的保護(hù)并未違背刑法面前人人平等的原則,而女權(quán)主義提出的社會性別視角為我們理解這種平等基礎(chǔ)上的差異提供了思路。從性別差異性深刻的歷史根源出發(fā),再到我國刑法基于性別的保護(hù)差異性研究,我們發(fā)現(xiàn)基于性別的保護(hù)差異性有這樣一種趨勢,即立法上男女性別保護(hù)趨同,同時關(guān)注個別女性和幼女的權(quán)利,落實到司法和執(zhí)法中應(yīng)當(dāng)實現(xiàn)刑法差異基礎(chǔ)上的平等。
[Abstract]:Gender difference is an objective and natural fact, and gender equality is one of the important values pursued by the legal system of human society. Only by protecting gender differences can real gender equality be realized. The realization of gender protection difference does not mean absolute difference, protection equality is always the theme. The protection difference based on sex should not be just an empty concept in criminal law, but should be embodied in the right to life and the right to sexual freedom. The difference of protection based on sex in criminal law is, in the final analysis, the difference between the subject of the crime and the object of the crime. From the point of view that pregnant woman does not apply the death penalty at trial and < Criminal Law. Amendment (9) > the amendment to the crime of whoring young girls, Reflects the rationality of differences in our criminal law, but also emphasizes that effective control should be carried out; from the crime of rape, kidnapping and trafficking of women, On the crime of children, the author points out the root of inequality and the need of law revision in order to conform to reality. The reality of criminal law in our country shows the difference of legislation based on sex, but this difference also has profound historical reasons. But from the general trend, recognizing differences and protecting equality are the directions. The amendment to the Criminal Law (9) provides a reasonable way for us to solve the above problems. It can be said that this part is the foundation of the whole article, It is also the basis of reflection. The profound reason for the existence of this difference is in theory reflected from the angle of the constitution of crime. From the angle of the subject of crime, the criminal law is put forward to protect pregnant women and strengthen the protection of young girls. The reasonableness of the law is the embodiment of the protection of gender differences, However, the exclusion of women by the subject of rape is an unfair difference in gender protection; from the perspective of the object of the crime, the subject of the crime of rape excludes the male and the man who has already reached the age of 14 years in the crime of kidnapping and trafficking. This method of limiting the object of protection causes actual inequality, so it is necessary to correctly understand equality and difference, put forward the principle of difference on the basis of equality, and then make a deep understanding of this difference in theory of criminal law. The protection of differences does not violate the principle of equality before criminal law. The gender perspective put forward by feminism provides a way for us to understand the differences on the basis of equality. From the profound historical roots of gender differences to the study of the sex-based differences of protection in criminal law of our country, We find that there is such a trend that the gender protection of men and women converge in legislation, and pay attention to the rights of individual women and young girls, and realize the equality on the basis of the difference of criminal law in the administration of justice and law enforcement.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：揚(yáng)州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：D924.1

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