【摘要】：2012年新刑訴法修正案在第二編第二章專門增加了一節(jié)“技術偵查措施”，標志著廣受關注的技術偵查正進一步納入法治軌道，相信隨著我國法治建設事業(yè)的進一步推進，技術偵查的立法會更加完善。雖然此次刑訴法修正案對技術偵查進行了規(guī)制，但還有很多不夠完善的地方，，比如公安機關技術偵查自己決定自己執(zhí)行的問題、檢察機關是否應該擁有技術偵查決定權的問題。本文試圖通過對技術偵查主體的設置、權限的劃分、監(jiān)督制度三個方面對我國技術偵查權的配置問題進行論述，同時考察借鑒了外國技術偵查權配置的法律規(guī)范。 筆者在本文的寫作過程中使用了比較研究法、理論聯系實際法、演繹歸納法等寫作方法。 本文正文共分為五個部分，約三萬字。 第一部分是技術偵查權配置概述，該部分對技術偵查權配置的基本問題進行了考察。一是，考察了技術偵查的概念、特征和種類以及與秘密偵查和偵查技術的區(qū)分。二是，考察了技術偵查權配置的概念和內容，總結出技術偵查權配置的內容包括技術偵查權的歸屬、設定權力范圍與規(guī)范權力行使、對技術偵查權的控制三個方面。 第二部分是外國技術偵查權配置的法律規(guī)范，該部分考察分析了部分外國技術偵查權配置的法律規(guī)范。首先論述了德國和法國兩個典型的大陸法系國家技術偵查權配置的法律規(guī)范。然后論述了英國和美國兩個典型的英美法系國家技術偵查權配置的法律規(guī)范。最后論述了傳統(tǒng)上屬于大陸法系但同時借鑒了英美法系規(guī)則的日本和意大利國家技術偵查權配置的法律規(guī)范。 第三部分是我國技術偵查主體的設置，該部分主要論述了兩個方面的內容。一方面，論述了技術偵查主體設置的三個原則：國家最高權力機關設置原則、必要性原則、資源有效利用原則。另一方面，論述了我國關于技術偵查主體的法律規(guī)范。 第四部分是我國技術偵查權限的劃分，該部分對公安機關和檢察機關技術偵查權限存在的問題及爭議進行了詳細的分析和總結。公安機關同時擁有技術偵查的決定權和執(zhí)行權，這種自己審批自己執(zhí)行的現狀急需改變，由檢察機關進行提前審批是一個很好的解決方法。刑訴法修正案沒有賦予檢察機關技術偵查的執(zhí)行權引起了很大的爭議，但從我國司法體制和偵查實踐來看，筆者支持刑訴法修正案的相關規(guī)定，不應該賦予檢察機關技術偵查的執(zhí)行權。 第五部分是我國技術偵查權的監(jiān)督，該部分考察了我國技術偵查監(jiān)督制度的應然狀態(tài)。對于如何建立我國的技術偵查監(jiān)督制度，筆者建議要建立主要依靠檢察機關的司法監(jiān)督、配合其他監(jiān)督措施的監(jiān)督制度。
[Abstract]:The 2012 amendment of the new Criminal procedure Law has added a special section on "Technical investigation measures" in part two, Chapter II, which indicates that the technical investigation, which has received wide attention, is being further brought into the track of the rule of law. It is believed that with the further development of the cause of rule of law in our country, The legislative council of technical investigation is more perfect. Although the amendment of the Criminal procedure Law regulates the technical investigation, there are still a lot of imperfect places, such as the problem that the public security organs decide their own execution and whether the procuratorial organ should have the decision of the technical investigation. This paper attempts to discuss the allocation of the technical investigation power in China from three aspects: the setting of the subject of technical investigation, the division of the authority and the supervision system, and at the same time, the author studies and draws lessons from the legal norms of the allocation of the technical investigation power in foreign countries. In the process of writing, the author uses the method of comparative research, the method of combining theory with practice, the method of deductive induction and so on. This text is divided into five parts, about 30,000 words. The first part is an overview of the configuration of technical investigation power. First, it examines the concept, characteristics and types of technical investigation and its differentiation from secret investigation and investigative techniques. Secondly, the concept and content of the configuration of the technical investigation power are investigated, and the contents of the configuration of the technology investigation power are summarized, including the ownership of the technical investigation power, the establishment of the scope of the power and the regulation of the exercise of the power, and the control of the technical investigation power. The second part is the legal norms of the allocation of foreign technological investigation power, which examines and analyzes the legal norms of some foreign technological investigation power allocation. First, it discusses the legal norms of the allocation of technical investigation power in two typical civil law countries of Germany and France. Then it discusses the legal norms of the allocation of technical investigation power in two typical Anglo-American law countries: Britain and the United States. Finally, it discusses the legal norms of the allocation of the technical investigation power in Japan and Italy, which belong to the continental law system and draw lessons from the Anglo-American law system at the same time. The third part is the establishment of the subject of technical investigation in China, this part mainly discusses two aspects of the content. On the one hand, it discusses three principles of the establishment of the subject of technical investigation: the principle of setting up the state's highest authority, the principle of necessity, and the principle of effective utilization of resources. On the other hand, it discusses the legal norms of the subject of technical investigation in China. The fourth part is the division of the authority of technical investigation in our country. This part makes a detailed analysis and summary of the problems and disputes existing in the authority of technical investigation of public security organs and procuratorial organs. The public security organs have the power to decide and execute the technical investigation at the same time. The present situation of examining and approving their own execution urgently needs to be changed. It is a good solution for procuratorial organs to carry out the examination and approval in advance. The amendment to the Criminal procedure Law has not given the procuratorial organs the executive power of technical investigation, but from the point of view of our judicial system and investigation practice, the author supports the relevant provisions of the amendment to the Criminal procedure Law. Procuratorial organs should not be given the executive power of technical investigation. The fifth part is the supervision of technical investigation power in China. As to how to establish the supervision system of technical investigation in our country, the author suggests that the supervision system should mainly rely on the judicial supervision of procuratorial organs and cooperate with other supervision measures.
【學位授予單位】：西南政法大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：D925.2

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