【摘要】：隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)的發(fā)展維權(quán)意識(shí)不斷得到深化，在此過(guò)程中惡意訴訟侵權(quán)的現(xiàn)象也不斷涌現(xiàn)。數(shù)量增多、范圍擴(kuò)大的發(fā)展趨勢(shì)不得不引起學(xué)理研究和司法實(shí)踐的關(guān)注�，F(xiàn)代生物學(xué)研究表明，人類的基因具有趨利避害的本能。某種行為模式能夠給人帶來(lái)利益，這種行為模式就會(huì)得到強(qiáng)化。惡意訴訟案件數(shù)量呈上升趨勢(shì)，最根本之原因就在于其能夠使人們通過(guò)較低的成本獲得較大利益。公平正義是法的根本價(jià)值之所在，然而在惡意訴訟過(guò)程中一些人通過(guò)法律手段掘取到大量的不正當(dāng)利益，使受害人受到了非正常侵害,這種侵害即包含財(cái)產(chǎn)損害也包含精神損害。除此之外，惡意訴訟會(huì)破壞公序良俗,激化社會(huì)矛盾,同時(shí)也挑戰(zhàn)了法律權(quán)威,浪費(fèi)了我們國(guó)家本來(lái)就己經(jīng)稀缺的司法資源。所以對(duì)惡意訴訟現(xiàn)象必須進(jìn)行規(guī)制，但是如何對(duì)惡意訴訟進(jìn)行規(guī)制,我國(guó)學(xué)界研究得還不夠深入,當(dāng)然也沒(méi)有形成相對(duì)一致的觀點(diǎn)。 當(dāng)然，惡意訴訟在我國(guó)已經(jīng)得到關(guān)注，并且對(duì)其研究也在逐步的深入�！稇椃ā贰ⅰ睹穹ㄍ▌t》、《侵權(quán)責(zé)任法》對(duì)此問(wèn)題作出了一些較原則的一般性規(guī)定；《知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)法》、新《民事訴訟法》則對(duì)于規(guī)制惡意訴訟的部分情形給出了一些可操作的處理方式。惡意訴訟借助法律程序，在程序法中規(guī)制惡意訴訟有其一定道理。在諸多法律部門中新《民事訴訟法》對(duì)惡意訴訟的規(guī)制的針對(duì)性最強(qiáng)，相關(guān)條文最多，處罰方式具有多樣化。但是，新《民事訴訟法》對(duì)于惡意訴訟的認(rèn)識(shí)并非全面，處罰方式也沒(méi)有擊中惡意訴訟行為之要害。從國(guó)內(nèi)立法上看，雖然用程序法規(guī)制惡意訴訟的傾向十分明顯的，但是目前程序法在規(guī)制惡意訴訟方面依然存在不足。那么是否只要繼續(xù)完善《民事訴訟法》相關(guān)內(nèi)容即可解決惡意訴訟的規(guī)制問(wèn)題？我認(rèn)為這樣的做法是不妥的，惡意訴訟從本質(zhì)上來(lái)說(shuō)是一種侵權(quán)行為，其更應(yīng)該得到實(shí)體法尤其是侵權(quán)法的關(guān)注。 本文主要從侵權(quán)法角度對(duì)惡意訴訟侵權(quán)責(zé)任制度的構(gòu)建進(jìn)行探討。為提出科學(xué)合理的惡意訴訟侵權(quán)責(zé)任制度，本文對(duì)惡意訴訟進(jìn)行如下探究：第一章參考國(guó)內(nèi)外學(xué)者對(duì)惡意訴訟之研究基礎(chǔ)上對(duì)惡意訴訟侵權(quán)行為的概念進(jìn)行界定、對(duì)實(shí)踐中常見(jiàn)的惡意訴訟侵權(quán)行為進(jìn)行分類；第二章介紹大陸法系及英美法系之惡意訴訟侵權(quán)立法及研究成果，，并對(duì)兩大法系立法及研究成果進(jìn)行評(píng)析；第三章在對(duì)惡意訴訟侵權(quán)行為概念及類型的研究基礎(chǔ)深入分析惡意訴訟侵權(quán)責(zé)任的構(gòu)成要件；第四章明確惡意訴訟責(zé)任承擔(dān)范圍及方式；第五章探討我國(guó)借鑒國(guó)外立法經(jīng)驗(yàn)時(shí)的考量因素，并在分析專家建議稿的基礎(chǔ)上構(gòu)建我國(guó)惡意訴訟侵權(quán)責(zé)任制度。
[Abstract]:With the development of economy and society, the consciousness of safeguarding human rights has been deepened, and the phenomenon of malicious lawsuit infringement has emerged in this process. With the increase of the number and the expansion of the scope, the trend of development has to arouse the attention of academic research and judicial practice. The number of malicious litigation cases is on the rise, the most fundamental reason is that people can obtain greater benefits through lower costs. Fairness and justice is the fundamental value of law, but in the course of malicious litigation, some people dig through legal means to a large extent. In addition, malicious litigation will destroy public order and good customs, intensify social contradictions, challenge the legal authority, and waste our country's already scarce judicial resources. However, how to regulate malicious litigation has not been studied thoroughly enough in the academic circles of our country, and of course there has not been a relatively consistent view.
Of course, malicious litigation in China has been concerned, and its research is also gradually in-depth. < Constitution >, < General Principles of Civil Law >, < Tort Liability Law > made some more general provisions on this issue; < Intellectual Property Law >, the new < Civil Procedure Law > provides some operable treatment for regulating some cases of malicious litigation. In many legal departments, the new Civil Procedure Law has the strongest pertinence to the regulation of malicious litigation, the most relevant provisions and the most diversified punishment methods. However, the new Civil Procedure Law does not have a comprehensive understanding of malicious litigation and punishment. From the domestic legislation, although the tendency to regulate malicious litigation by procedural law is very obvious, the current procedural law is still inadequate in regulating malicious litigation. So, as long as we continue to improve the relevant content of Civil Procedure Law, we can solve the problem of regulation of malicious litigation? I think this is not appropriate. Malicious litigation is essentially a kind of tort and should be paid more attention by substantive law, especially tort law.
This paper mainly discusses the construction of tort liability system of malicious litigation from the perspective of tort law. In order to put forward a scientific and reasonable tort liability system of malicious litigation, this paper explores malicious litigation as follows: Chapter 1 defines the concept of malicious litigation tort based on the study of malicious litigation by scholars at home and abroad. The second chapter introduces the legislation and research results of malicious litigation tort in continental law system and Anglo-American law system, and comments on the legislation and research results of the two legal systems; the third chapter analyzes the concept and types of malicious litigation tort liability in depth. The fourth chapter clarifies the scope and manner of malicious litigation liability. The fifth chapter discusses the factors of our country's consideration when drawing lessons from foreign legislative experience, and constructs our country's malicious litigation tort liability system on the basis of analyzing the experts'suggestions.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：河北大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：D923;D925.1

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本文編號(hào)：2210130