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法官庭外調(diào)查制度實(shí)證研究

發(fā)布時(shí)間:2018-08-08 13:30
【摘要】:刑事審判中,,法庭審理過程遇到存疑證據(jù)時(shí),由法官走出法庭對相關(guān)證據(jù)進(jìn)行調(diào)查核實(shí),以確認(rèn)該存疑證據(jù)的真實(shí)性、合法性與客觀性,明確案件真相,進(jìn)而有助于內(nèi)心判斷的形成,作出正確裁判。這就是法官的庭外調(diào)查權(quán)。法官庭外調(diào)查是法庭審判在庭外的延伸,具有相應(yīng)的權(quán)力屬性,法官應(yīng)在調(diào)查核實(shí)證據(jù)時(shí)保持消極中立姿態(tài)。我國刑事訴訟法雖然歷經(jīng)兩次修改,但仍對存在較多爭議的法官庭外調(diào)查制度在稍加限制的基礎(chǔ)上予以保留,缺少明確細(xì)致的規(guī)定。由于法官庭外調(diào)查制度的規(guī)定過于籠統(tǒng),司法實(shí)踐中法官庭外調(diào)查制度存在諸多問題,深刻體現(xiàn)出該制度實(shí)體公正與程序公正方面的價(jià)值沖突。但受我國歷史文化傳統(tǒng)的影響、職權(quán)主義因素的主導(dǎo)以及控辯力量嚴(yán)重不平衡的現(xiàn)實(shí)基礎(chǔ),法官庭外調(diào)查制度在我國有其存在的合理性和必要性。在借鑒域外法系尤其是大陸法系國家和“混合型”訴訟模式國家對法官庭外調(diào)查制度設(shè)計(jì)中展現(xiàn)出來的優(yōu)點(diǎn)基礎(chǔ)上,立足我國司法實(shí)踐的具體國情,對法官庭外調(diào)查制度進(jìn)行相應(yīng)的改革和完善,以更好地服務(wù)刑事審判“懲罰犯罪與保障人權(quán)”的目的。本文將通過實(shí)證研究和比較分析的方法反思我國現(xiàn)行的相關(guān)法律制度。在理論分析的基礎(chǔ)上圍繞其存在的價(jià)值范疇提出對我國刑事訴訟中的法官庭外調(diào)查制度改革和完善的建議。 本文分為引言、正文、結(jié)語三部分,文章正文主要由四部分構(gòu)成: 第一部分是對刑事法官庭外調(diào)查權(quán)的相關(guān)內(nèi)容進(jìn)行概述,明確法官庭外調(diào)查是證據(jù)調(diào)查的一部分,具有刑事審判權(quán)的權(quán)力屬性,法官在庭外調(diào)查過程中應(yīng)保持中立姿態(tài)。 第二部分采取比較研究的方法,借鑒大陸法系國家對法官庭外調(diào)查制度的設(shè)計(jì)亮點(diǎn)以及混合主義訴訟模式下對法官庭外調(diào)查進(jìn)行的改良,并同英美法系國家的庭外視察程序相區(qū)別,分析不同訴訟模式下對法官庭外調(diào)查制度采取不同態(tài)度所體現(xiàn)出的價(jià)值沖突及平衡,以便對我國的法官庭外調(diào)查制度進(jìn)行完善。 第三部分是對我國法官庭外調(diào)查情況的具體闡述。分析我國應(yīng)予保留法官庭外調(diào)查制度的國情原因,梳理我國法官庭外調(diào)查制度的法律沿革,在此基礎(chǔ)上總結(jié)我國現(xiàn)行法官庭外調(diào)查制度的具體內(nèi)容。通過對調(diào)研數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行分析,闡述我國基層法院刑事一審程序中法官庭外調(diào)查制度的運(yùn)行情況及實(shí)施成效。 第四部分則是提出對我國刑事法官庭外調(diào)查制度的完善建議。在實(shí)證研究的基礎(chǔ)上結(jié)合相關(guān)國家在設(shè)計(jì)運(yùn)行法官庭外調(diào)查制度方面的可取之處,對我國的法官庭外調(diào)查程序進(jìn)行重構(gòu)。主要從法官庭外調(diào)查的啟動、法官庭外調(diào)查的運(yùn)行和法官庭外調(diào)查的證據(jù)認(rèn)定等方面進(jìn)行論述。
[Abstract]:In a criminal trial, when there is evidence of doubt in the course of a court trial, the judge goes out of the court to investigate and verify the relevant evidence in order to confirm the authenticity, legality and objectivity of the suspect evidence, and to ascertain the truth of the case. And then help the formation of inner judgment, to make the correct judgment. This is the judge's right to investigate out of court. Judge's out of court investigation is the extension of court trial out of court, and has the corresponding power attribute, the judge should maintain the passive neutral posture when investigating and verifying the evidence. Although the Criminal procedure Law of our country has been amended twice, it still retains the system of out-of-court investigation of judges, which is controversial, on the basis of a little restriction, and lacks clear and detailed regulations. There are many problems in the system of out of court investigation of judges in judicial practice, which deeply reflects the value conflict between substantive justice and procedural justice of the system. However, under the influence of our country's historical and cultural tradition, the leading factor of authority doctrine and the realistic foundation of serious imbalance of the power of prosecution and defense, the system of out-of-court investigation of judges has its rationality and necessity in our country. On the basis of drawing lessons from the advantages of the design of the out-of-court investigation system of the judges in the extra-territorial law system, especially in the countries of the continental law system and the "mixed" litigation mode, this paper bases itself on the specific conditions of the judicial practice in our country. In order to better serve the purpose of criminal trial "punishing crime and protecting human rights", the investigation system of judges out of court should be reformed and perfected accordingly. This paper will reflect on the current legal system of our country through empirical research and comparative analysis. On the basis of theoretical analysis, the author puts forward some suggestions on the reform and perfection of the out-of-court investigation system of judges in criminal proceedings in China. This paper is divided into three parts: introduction, text, conclusion. The main body of the article is composed of four parts: the first part is to summarize the relevant content of the criminal judge's out-of-court investigation power, and to make it clear that the judge's out-of-court investigation is a part of the evidence investigation. With the power of criminal jurisdiction, the judge should maintain a neutral attitude in the process of out-court investigation. The second part adopts the method of comparative study, drawing lessons from the design highlights of the judge out of court investigation system in the countries of civil law system and the improvement of the judge out of court investigation under the mixed litigation mode. In order to perfect the out of court investigation system of our country, this paper analyzes the value conflict and balance of the different attitude towards the out of court investigation system of the judge under the different litigation mode, which is different from the out of court inspection procedure of the common law system countries in order to perfect the out of court investigation system of the judge in our country. The third part is to our country judge out of court investigation situation concrete elaboration. This paper analyzes the reasons why the investigation system of judges out of court should be retained in our country, combs the legal evolution of the investigation system of judges out of court in our country, and sums up the concrete contents of the current system of out of court investigation of judges in our country. By analyzing the investigation data, this paper expounds the operation and effect of the out-of-court investigation system of the judges in the criminal first instance procedure of our country's grass-roots courts. The fourth part is to put forward the perfect suggestion to our country criminal judge out of court investigation system. On the basis of empirical research, the author reconstructs the investigation procedure of judges out of court in our country by combining with the merits of the relevant countries in designing and running the investigation system of judges out of court. This paper mainly discusses the initiation of the out-of-court investigation of the judge, the operation of the out-of-court investigation of the judge and the confirmation of the evidence of the out-of-court investigation of the judge.
【學(xué)位授予單位】:西南政法大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】:碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】:2014
【分類號】:D925.2

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