【摘要】：口供是否具備任意性已成為衡量一個(gè)國(guó)家法制的民主和健全程度的重要標(biāo)準(zhǔn)�？诠┤我庑砸�(guī)則已被絕大多數(shù)國(guó)家納入應(yīng)該遵循的基本證據(jù)規(guī)則之中,可是我國(guó)并未規(guī)定口供任意性規(guī)則,但隨著人權(quán)保障觀念以及程序正義觀念的增強(qiáng),對(duì)其建構(gòu)已勢(shì)在必行。本文一共分為四部分：第一章介紹口供任意性規(guī)則的基本理論。本章著重介紹了口供是如何界定、其與有罪答辯的區(qū)別、任意性如何界定以及規(guī)則怎樣理解以期能厘清口供任意性的相關(guān)概念,澄清一些理論界的誤區(qū)。再者介紹口供任意性規(guī)則的價(jià)值基礎(chǔ),主要從保障人權(quán)、排除虛偽以及程序正義三方面進(jìn)行闡述。第二章詳細(xì)介紹了口供任意性規(guī)則域外的情況。主要介紹英美法系中具有代表性的英國(guó)與美國(guó)口供任意性規(guī)則的確立與發(fā)展以及大陸法系中德國(guó)、日本以及我國(guó)臺(tái)灣地區(qū)口供任意性規(guī)則的內(nèi)涵及發(fā)展。最后通過(guò)兩大法系國(guó)家（地區(qū)）的口供任意性規(guī)則的比較研究,以期能夠?yàn)槲覈?guó)口供任意性規(guī)則的構(gòu)建設(shè)計(jì)提供借鑒。第三章討論了我國(guó)口供任意性規(guī)則的必要性與可行性。首先通過(guò)李久明、吳大全和羅玉明三個(gè)司法實(shí)務(wù)案例的介紹,進(jìn)行導(dǎo)致非任意性口供的問(wèn)題的歸納。通過(guò)實(shí)務(wù)案例所反應(yīng)的問(wèn)題進(jìn)行確立我國(guó)口供任意性規(guī)則的必要性分析。最后通過(guò)法律基礎(chǔ)與國(guó)內(nèi)外環(huán)境基礎(chǔ)進(jìn)行確立我國(guó)口供任意性規(guī)則的可行性分析,以期能真正引進(jìn)和實(shí)施口供任意性規(guī)則。第四章是本文的核心所在,介紹了構(gòu)建我國(guó)口供任意性規(guī)則的總體構(gòu)想。首先建議在立法上明確口供任意性規(guī)則、取消如實(shí)陳述義務(wù)以及明確口供任意性的證明責(zé)任與證明程度。著重介紹了需確立口供任意性的判斷標(biāo)準(zhǔn),主要通過(guò)影響口供任意性的非法方法如刑訊逼供、威脅、引誘、欺騙以及違反法定程序等方面進(jìn)行闡述。最后簡(jiǎn)要分析了保障口供任意性規(guī)則的配套措施,包括偵查與羈押相分離、全程同步錄音錄像以及律師訊問(wèn)在場(chǎng)權(quán),以期能對(duì)司法實(shí)務(wù)中具體判斷以及保障口供的任意性有所裨益。
[Abstract]:The arbitrariness of confession has become an important criterion to measure the democracy and soundness of a country's legal system. The rule of arbitrariness of confession has been included in the basic rules of evidence that should be followed by the vast majority of countries, but our country has not stipulated the rule of arbitrariness of confession, but with the enhancement of the concept of human rights guarantee and the concept of procedural justice, It is imperative to construct it. This paper is divided into four parts: the first chapter introduces the basic theory of the rule of confession arbitrariness. This chapter focuses on how to define confession, the difference between confession and guilty plea, how to define arbitrariness and how to understand the rules in order to clarify the related concepts of confession arbitrariness and clarify some theoretical errors. Furthermore, it introduces the value basis of the rule of confession arbitrariness, mainly from three aspects: protecting human rights, eliminating hypocrisy and procedural justice. The second chapter introduces the situation of the rule of arbitrariness of oral confession in detail. This paper mainly introduces the establishment and development of the representative rules of arbitrariness between the United Kingdom and the United States in the Anglo-American legal system, and the connotation and development of the rules of arbitrariness in Germany, Japan and Taiwan in the continental law system. Finally, through the comparative study of the rules of arbitrariness of confession in two legal system countries (regions), the author hopes to provide reference for the construction and design of the rule of arbitrariness of oral confession in our country. The third chapter discusses the necessity and feasibility of the rule of confession arbitrariness in China. Firstly, through the introduction of Li Jiuming, Wu Daquan and Luo Yuming, the author sums up the problems that lead to non-arbitrary confession. The necessity of establishing the rules of arbitrariness of confession in China is analyzed through the problems reflected in practical cases. Finally, the feasibility analysis of establishing the rules of arbitrariness of oral confession in China is carried out through the legal basis and the environmental basis at home and abroad, in order to introduce and implement the rules of arbitrariness of oral confession. The fourth chapter is the core of this paper. Firstly, it is suggested that the rules of arbitrariness of confession should be clarified in legislation, the obligation of truthful statement should be abolished, and the burden of proof and the degree of proof of arbitrariness of confession should be clarified. This paper emphatically introduces the judgment standard of the arbitrariness of confession, mainly through the illegal methods such as extorting confessions by torture, threatening, luring, deceiving and violating the legal procedure, which affect the arbitrariness of confessions. Finally, it briefly analyzes the supporting measures to protect the rules of arbitrariness of confession, including the separation of investigation and detention, the simultaneous audio and video recording of the whole process, and the right of lawyer to question and present. It is helpful to judge and protect the arbitrariness of confession in judicial practice.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南京師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：D925.2

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