本文選題：職務(wù)犯罪案件 + 審查逮捕�。� 參考：《河北大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：國家公職人員的貪污腐敗、瀆職侵權(quán)等職務(wù)犯罪案件的查處歷來受到社會(huì)的廣泛關(guān)注。但是,長期以來我國職務(wù)犯罪案件偵查、逮捕、起訴均由同一級(jí)檢察機(jī)關(guān)辦理權(quán)力較為集中,且職務(wù)犯罪審查逮捕帶有濃厚的行政審批色彩,引起社會(huì)各界對(duì)檢察機(jī)關(guān)辦案的公正性和公信力的質(zhì)疑。有鑒于此,為了進(jìn)一步強(qiáng)化檢察機(jī)關(guān)內(nèi)部監(jiān)督制約機(jī)制,加強(qiáng)檢察機(jī)關(guān)查辦職務(wù)犯罪案件力度,促進(jìn)檢察機(jī)關(guān)更加公正廉潔、執(zhí)法規(guī)范,積極保障犯罪嫌疑人的合法權(quán)益,2009年9月,最高人民檢察院決定開始實(shí)施職務(wù)犯罪審查逮捕程序改革,并下發(fā)《關(guān)于省級(jí)以下人民檢察院立案偵查的案件由上一級(jí)人民檢察院審查決定逮捕的規(guī)定(試行)》。2013年該規(guī)定又被新修訂的《人民檢察院訴訟規(guī)則(試行)》吸納接收,以司法解釋的形式固定下來,并引入了聽取犯罪嫌疑人意見及其委托律師意見的規(guī)定,強(qiáng)化了社會(huì)危險(xiǎn)性審查和捕后羈押必要性審查,構(gòu)造了審查逮捕訴訟機(jī)制的基本形態(tài),更加突出了職務(wù)犯罪審查逮捕的司法性質(zhì),在偵(偵查部門)、辯(犯罪嫌疑人及其辯護(hù)律師)和裁(偵查監(jiān)督部門)之間初步建立基本的訴訟機(jī)制,符合社會(huì)各界對(duì)強(qiáng)化職務(wù)犯罪偵查權(quán)的監(jiān)督制約、提高審查逮捕案件質(zhì)量、維護(hù)和保障人權(quán),具有積極進(jìn)步的意義。但是,由于與改革相配套的相關(guān)制度或機(jī)制不健全、不完善,職務(wù)犯罪案件由供到證和依賴逮捕措施的陳舊偵查模式,以及“有罪推定”、“已捕代偵”和“重配合輕監(jiān)督”、“重打擊輕保護(hù)”執(zhí)法觀念等原因,制約了職務(wù)犯罪審查逮捕訴訟機(jī)制的建立和完善,造成改革實(shí)踐過程中出現(xiàn)一些問題和困難。針對(duì)這些問題,首先應(yīng)當(dāng)完善逮捕條件的法律規(guī)定,建立報(bào)捕案件報(bào)前評(píng)審制度;其次,完善偵查監(jiān)督部門的審查職權(quán)。進(jìn)一步保障犯罪嫌疑人在逮捕程序中的權(quán)利救濟(jì),賦予犯罪嫌疑人逮捕理由知情權(quán)和開示逮捕理由請求權(quán),明確犯罪嫌疑人提起變更逮捕請求權(quán)的法定理由,賦予犯罪嫌疑人針對(duì)關(guān)于逮捕的批準(zhǔn)或決定提出申訴的權(quán)利;最后,探索建立審查逮捕聽證制度,細(xì)化捕后羈押必要性審查制度規(guī)定。通過以上幾個(gè)方面的研究,以期能夠?qū)ν晟坡殑?wù)犯罪案件逮捕程序改革,積極推進(jìn)職務(wù)犯罪審查逮捕工作有所裨益。
[Abstract]:Corruption, malfeasance and other official crimes have always been concerned by the society. However, for a long time, the powers of investigation, arrest and prosecution of job-related crimes in China have been concentrated by the procuratorial organs at the same level, and the examination and arrest of job-related crimes has a strong color of administrative examination and approval. Causes the community to the procuratorial organ handles the case the fairness and the credibility question. In view of this, in order to further strengthen the internal supervision and control mechanism of procuratorial organs, strengthen the intensity of procuratorial organs' investigation and handling of job-related crime cases, and promote procuratorial organs to be more impartial and clean, and enforce the law in a standardized manner, Actively safeguarding the legitimate rights and interests of criminal suspects. In September 2009, the Supreme people's Procuratorate decided to begin the reform of the procedure for examining and arresting job-related crimes. In 2013, this provision on cases filed and investigated by people's procuratorates at or below the provincial level shall be accepted by the newly revised rules of Proceedings of the people's Procuratorates (for trial implementation) and accepted by the people's procuratorates at the next higher level by examining and deciding on arrest (on a trial basis). It is fixed in the form of judicial interpretation, and the provisions of hearing the opinions of criminal suspects and their lawyers are introduced, which strengthen the examination of social risk and the necessity of detention after arrest, and construct the basic form of the mechanism of examining arrest proceedings. The judicial nature of the examination and arrest of job-related crimes has been highlighted, and a basic mechanism of litigation has been initially established between investigation (investigation departments), arguments (suspects and their defence counsel) and adjudication (investigation and supervision departments), It is of positive and progressive significance to strengthen the supervision and restriction of duty crime investigation power, to improve the quality of examining and arresting cases, to safeguard and protect human rights. However, due to the imperfections and imperfections of the relevant systems or mechanisms that are compatible with the reform, the old investigative patterns of cases of job-related crimes from evidence to evidence and reliance on arrest measures, as well as the "presumption of guilt", the "arrest of agents" and the "emphasis on cooperation and less supervision", The law enforcement idea of "paying more attention to strike against protection" restricts the establishment and perfection of the mechanism of examining and arresting the duty crime, and causes some problems and difficulties in the course of reform practice. In view of these problems, first of all, we should perfect the legal provisions of the conditions of arrest and establish the system of evaluation before reporting the case of arrest; secondly, we should perfect the examination authority of the investigation and supervision department. To further safeguard the rights and remedies of criminal suspects in the arrest process, to give suspects the right to know the reasons for arrest and the right to ask for reasons for arrest, and to clarify the legal reasons for the suspects to raise changes in the request for arrest, To grant suspects the right to file a complaint against the approval or decision of arrest; finally, to explore the establishment of a review and arrest hearing system, and to refine the provisions of the review system of the necessity of detention after arrest. Through the research of the above several aspects, the author hopes to improve the reform of the arrest procedure of duty crime cases and actively promote the job crime review and arrest work.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：河北大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：D925.2

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