【摘要】：近年來,隨著我國經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展,未成年人可以通過繼承、贈予以及勞動等多種方式和渠道獲得房產(chǎn),與以往相比登記在其名下的房產(chǎn)數(shù)量明顯出現(xiàn)大幅增長,父母以未成年子女名下房產(chǎn)抵押的行為也越來越普遍。由于未成年人基本屬于無民事行為能力人或限制民事行為能力人,無法對自己名下房產(chǎn)進(jìn)行有效的管理,因此法律建立了未成年人監(jiān)護(hù)制度。在該制度框架下,監(jiān)護(hù)人可以對未成年人的財(cái)產(chǎn)進(jìn)行管理。一般情況下,父母當(dāng)然成為未成年子女的監(jiān)護(hù)人。由于未成年子女名下房產(chǎn)實(shí)際處于父母的控制之下,這為父母以其提供抵押擔(dān)保創(chuàng)造了非常便利的條件。雖然《中華人民共和國民法通則》明確規(guī)定了非為被監(jiān)護(hù)人利益,監(jiān)護(hù)人不得處分未成年人財(cái)產(chǎn),但是這一規(guī)定是原則性的規(guī)定,欠缺可操作性,法官在適用時解釋不一,導(dǎo)致裁判思路各異,裁判結(jié)果也存在不同,這嚴(yán)重?fù)p害了司法的權(quán)威性和公平性,故有必要結(jié)合法理,正確理解和適用現(xiàn)有法律規(guī)范,以使此類糾紛得到公正合理的解決。本文分為引言、正文和結(jié)語三個部分。引言部分主要介紹背景并引出問題。正文部分由以下三個部分組成:第一部分對司法實(shí)踐中的相關(guān)案例進(jìn)行梳理,歸納出各種類型的裁判思路,總結(jié)案件的爭議點(diǎn)。第二部分就第一部分歸納出的爭議點(diǎn)進(jìn)行分析,從理論上探討抵押行為的效力問題。首先分析影響抵押行為效力的因素,其中涉及未成年子女名下房產(chǎn)的所有權(quán)歸屬問題、父母與未成年子女的財(cái)產(chǎn)處分關(guān)系及財(cái)產(chǎn)處分權(quán)的正當(dāng)行使、抵押行為的性質(zhì)認(rèn)定;其次分析了抵押行為的物權(quán)效力和債權(quán)效力。最后對于效力問題進(jìn)行了小結(jié),以期能夠妥善解決此類案件中存在的爭議點(diǎn),為后續(xù)提出司法裁判建議提供足夠的理論依據(jù)。第三部分則在第二部分的法理分析基礎(chǔ)上,就如何在現(xiàn)有法律規(guī)范不完善的情況下合理公正地解決此類案件提出自己的建議。本文最后一部分對文章觀點(diǎn)進(jìn)行了總結(jié)。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the development of economy in our country, minors can obtain real estate through inheritance, gift, labor and other ways and channels, and the number of real estate registered in their name has obviously increased greatly compared with the past. It is also becoming more and more common for parents to mortgage their property in the name of their minor children. Because minors basically belong to those who have no civil capacity or restrict their civil capacity, they can not effectively manage their own real estate, so the law has established the guardianship system of minors. Under the framework of this system, guardians can manage the property of minors. In general, parents, of course, become guardians of minor children. Since the property of minor children is actually under the control of their parents, this creates very convenient conditions for parents to provide mortgage guarantees. Although the General principles of the Civil Law of the people's Republic of China clearly stipulate that guardians may not dispose of the property of minors if they are not in the interests of guardians, this provision is a provision of principle and lacks maneuverability, and judges have different interpretations when applicable. It is necessary to correctly understand and apply the existing legal norms in order to solve this kind of disputes fairly and reasonably, which seriously damages the authority and fairness of the judiciary, so that the existing legal norms can be correctly understood and applied in combination with the legal principle. This paper is divided into three parts: introduction, text and conclusion. The introduction mainly introduces the background and leads to the questions. The main body is composed of the following three parts: the first part combs the relevant cases in judicial practice, sums up various types of judicial ideas, and summarizes the controversial points of the case. The second part analyzes the controversial points summarized in the first part and discusses the effectiveness of mortgage behavior in theory. First of all, it analyzes the factors that affect the effectiveness of mortgage behavior, including the ownership of property owned by minor children, the property disposition relationship between parents and minor children, the proper exercise of property disposition power, and the identification of the nature of mortgage behavior. Secondly, the author analyzes the effect of real right and creditor's right of mortgage. Finally, the effectiveness of the problem is summarized in order to properly solve the controversial points in this kind of cases, and to provide sufficient theoretical basis for the follow-up recommendations of judicial decision. The third part, on the basis of the legal analysis of the second part, puts forward its own suggestions on how to solve this kind of cases reasonably and fairly under the condition that the existing legal norms are not perfect. The last part of this paper summarizes the point of view of the article.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：浙江大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：D923.2

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相關(guān)期刊論文 前1條

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本文編號：2473823