【摘要】：信賴利益這一法律概念普遍存在于大陸法系和英美法系合同損害賠償領(lǐng)域,大陸法系中的信賴利益主要在合同無效被撤銷,一方承擔(dān)締約過失責(zé)任的情況下用做賠償標準。英美法系的信賴利益則是主要存在于違約損害賠償中,作為計算被違約方損失標準的一種。在我國,對于信賴利益的概念本身仍然存在很多爭議,這主要集中在三個方面,第一是信賴利益的內(nèi)涵,第二是信賴利益是否存在于有效合同中,第三是信賴利益與合同損害賠償中的其他利益,即返還利益與期待利益的關(guān)系。本文即圍繞合同中的信賴利益的概念中的三個問題展開,分成三個部分：本文第一部分是關(guān)于信賴利益內(nèi)涵的探討。大陸法系對于信賴利益內(nèi)涵主要觀點可以分為兩類,即以王澤鑒先生的觀點為代表的損失說與以崔健遠教授的觀點為代表利益說,有學(xué)者基于對這些學(xué)說的比較與研究進一步提出了固有利益說、代價說等學(xué)說。英美法系現(xiàn)今對于信賴利益內(nèi)涵的定義已經(jīng)比較成熟,普遍認為信賴利益是一方當(dāng)事人“基于合約的花費”。本文基于對以上信賴利益學(xué)說的比較和分析,歸納了信賴利益的特征,并得出自己的觀點。本文認為信賴利益是以一種成本,它是當(dāng)事人在訂約、履約過程中為了獲得合約的期待利益而花費的成本。本文第二部分本文希望通過探討信賴利益與締約過失責(zé)任之間的關(guān)系得出兩個結(jié)論：第一,締約過失責(zé)任制度并不只保護當(dāng)事人的信賴利益；第二,信賴利益也不僅僅有締約過失責(zé)任制度保護,也由違約責(zé)任保護。本文通過歸納大陸法系各國以及我國對于締約過失責(zé)任在立法上和學(xué)理上的定義得出,現(xiàn)今的締約過失責(zé)任并不要求損害賠償與合同的成立有效一定有密切的關(guān)系,這使得締約階段產(chǎn)生的一些基于當(dāng)事人人身財產(chǎn)權(quán)利受到侵害的賠償請求也由締約過失責(zé)任制度保護。得出締約過失責(zé)任保護的不僅僅是締約階段的信賴利益。接下來本文列舉了關(guān)于違約責(zé)任下是否存在信賴利益賠償請求這一問題的一些觀點,基于這些觀點,本文提出了自己的見解,即合同的履行階段同樣存在信賴利益,合同的不履行將導(dǎo)致守約方信賴利益損害,產(chǎn)生違約責(zé)任。本文第三部分主要探討了信賴利益和返還利益,期待利益的關(guān)系。本文討論了傳統(tǒng)意義上的返還利益與現(xiàn)今英美法上的返還利益。得出,傳統(tǒng)定義上返還利益屬于信賴利益的特例,而現(xiàn)今的返還利益已經(jīng)超過了信賴利益的范疇。接下來,本文主要論述期待利益與信賴利益的關(guān)系。本文比較了大陸法系的履行利益和英美法系的期待利益,得出這兩個概念差別不大,因此討論信賴利益和期待利益的關(guān)系,對于我國這樣一個偏向于大陸法系的國家也是有意義的。之后,本文通過分析富勒在其文章中提到的關(guān)于信賴利益與期待利益提供近乎相同賠償標準的三種情況,來明確期待利益的一些概念。之后,本文對于期待利益與信賴利益進行了比較,說明在很多情況下,期待利益并不一定大于信賴利益。在本章的最后,本文論述了違約損害賠償中期待利益損害賠償與信賴利益損害賠償所存在的競合關(guān)系。
[Abstract]:The legal concept of the trust benefit is common in the contract damages of the continental law system and the common law system, and the trust benefit in the continental law system is mainly used as the compensation standard in the case of the failure of the contract and the party's fault liability. The trust benefit of the Anglo-American law system is mainly in the damages for breach of contract, as one of the criteria for calculating the loss of the breaching party. In our country, there are still many disputes in the concept of the trust benefit, which is mainly focused on the three aspects, the first is the connotation of the trust benefit, the second is whether the trust benefit exists in the effective contract, the third is the trust benefit and other benefits in the contract damages, namely, the relationship between the return benefit and the expected benefit. In this paper, three problems in the concept of the trust benefit in the contract are expanded and divided into three parts: the first part of this paper is the discussion on the connotation of the trust benefit. in that civil law system, the main point of view on the connotation of the trust benefit can be divided into two categories, namely, the loss of the representative from the point of view of Mr. Wang, and the point of view of professor Cui Jian far as the representative, and some scholars have further put forward the inherent benefit theory based on the comparison and study of these theories, At the cost of the theory. The common law system is mature in the definition of the connotation of the trust interest, and it is widely believed that the trust benefit is one of the parties' 鈥渃ontract-based cost鈥，

本文編號：2321121