論媒體侵權(quán)責(zé)任的抗辯事由
[Abstract]:With the continuous development of China's reform and opening up, the further emancipation of thought and the enhancement of people's consciousness of expressing opinions and supervising power, the media, as a social intermediate organization, is becoming more and more popular. As a link between political state and civil society, the media acts as the supervision of the legislation, the judiciary and the executive power, so it is also called "the fourth power" in the western society. However, the media with unlimited rights are infringing on people's rights, especially their personality rights. With the development of new media and self-media, such as Internet, mobile phone and so on, the expression of people's will is further enhanced, and the media infringing on personality rights becomes commonplace and even impossible to prevent. The conflict between freedom of expression and personal right has become a real problem to be solved. How to solve the conflict between freedom of expression and personality right, the more consistent view is to build a sound defense system of media tort liability. However, in terms of legislation, China has not yet formulated a "Media Law" to regulate the behavior of the media. The judicial interpretation of defense matters also has rough legislative techniques, no distinction between facts and opinions, a narrow range of impartial comments, and vague conditions of application. In judicial practice, there are some misunderstandings on defense, low media success rate and illegal phenomena such as "judge making law". How to construct the defense system of media tort liability? First, two problems should be solved: first, how to define the legal act and infringement of media; secondly, how to balance the relationship between freedom of expression and personality right. Since our country's laws and judicial interpretations do not separately stipulate media tort, there is no legal basis for whether the media's acts are lawful or not, so we can only indirectly judge whether the media's acts are lawful from the angle of defense reasons. That is to say, the act that accords with the rule of defense is legal, otherwise it is tort. How to balance the relationship between freedom of expression and personality right is the basic problem of the defense system of media tort liability, and it is also the first problem that legislators and referees should solve. Secondly, how to perfect the defense system of media tort liability in our country: we should strictly distinguish the boundary between fact and opinion, in order to truly distinguish the boundary of truth defense and fair comment defense. We should also draw lessons from the judicial precedents of Anglo-American countries to standardize and institutionalize the defense of public figures. Finally, the referee should refer to the typical cases at home and abroad and guide the trial with concrete precedents in order to make abstract rules concrete.
【學(xué)位授予單位】:江西財(cái)經(jīng)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】:碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】:2015
【分類號(hào)】:D923
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