本文選題：共同抵押 + 實現(xiàn)機(jī)制�。� 參考：《清華大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：共同抵押權(quán)也叫做總括抵押權(quán)或聚合抵押權(quán),是指為擔(dān)保同一個債權(quán)而在數(shù)項不動產(chǎn)、動產(chǎn)或權(quán)利上設(shè)定的抵押權(quán)。共同抵押權(quán)一方面通過將多項財產(chǎn)的交換價值加以積累,以便更有效地確保債權(quán)的清償;另一方面可以分散抵押物的危險。單一的抵押物難保不出現(xiàn)一些情況導(dǎo)致其價值發(fā)生改變。如果單一的抵押物出現(xiàn)損壞、滅失或其他情況導(dǎo)致其價值減少時候。而共同抵押能夠分散風(fēng)險,保障債權(quán)受清償?shù)牧Χ?共同抵押權(quán)提供多個抵押物來共同擔(dān)保同一債權(quán)。共同抵押是抵押制度中非常重要的一個方面,主要的民法國家對此都有較為詳細(xì)的規(guī)定。但是在我國現(xiàn)行法律中,并沒有共同抵押這一制度的規(guī)定。涉及該權(quán)利實現(xiàn)的相關(guān)規(guī)定又存在著邏輯問題,使得實踐中法院在適用這些規(guī)定時也存在不統(tǒng)一、不合理之處。本論文主要分為四個章節(jié)論述共同抵押權(quán)的實現(xiàn)機(jī)制。首先綜述重要大陸法系國家共同抵押權(quán)的規(guī)定狀況以及理論研究情況,并介紹我國學(xué)術(shù)界對于共同抵押權(quán)制度的研究發(fā)展?fàn)顩r。對比可知,我國對于共同抵押制度的研究并不充分。對于該項制度研究比較詳細(xì)的有日本和我國臺灣地區(qū)。其次從我國現(xiàn)行法律規(guī)定和適用方面說明我國在共同抵押權(quán)實現(xiàn)上存在的問題,主要包括三個方面:一是我國現(xiàn)有條文自身邏輯矛盾,二是缺乏與其他抵押權(quán)之間關(guān)系的規(guī)定,第三是在實踐中關(guān)于共同抵押權(quán)的實現(xiàn)存在著很多問題。要解決這些問題,就要根據(jù)國內(nèi)外理論與法條規(guī)定情況總結(jié)出普通共同抵押權(quán)的實現(xiàn)機(jī)制,主要包括共同抵押人承擔(dān)份額和物上保證人、后次序抵押人的相關(guān)權(quán)利。分情況確定共同抵押人應(yīng)該承擔(dān)的金額,同時賦予物上保證人、后次序抵押人代位權(quán)和追償權(quán)。最后論述特殊抵押權(quán)的相關(guān)問題。綜上,得出結(jié)論我國民法應(yīng)明文規(guī)定共同抵押權(quán),并理順現(xiàn)有條文中的邏輯問題,完善相關(guān)規(guī)定以指導(dǎo)實踐。
[Abstract]:Common mortgage is also called omnibus mortgage or aggregate mortgage. It refers to the mortgage on several immovable property, movable property or rights to guarantee the same creditor's right. On the one hand, the common mortgage accumulates the exchange value of a number of properties in order to ensure the settlement of the creditor's rights more effectively; on the other hand, it can disperse the risk of collateral. The value of a single mortgage does not change without the occurrence of some circumstances. If a single collateral is damaged, lost or otherwise causes its value to decrease. The common mortgage can spread the risk and guarantee the repayment of the creditor's rights. The common mortgage provides multiple mortgages to guarantee the same creditor's rights. Common mortgage is a very important aspect of mortgage system, which is regulated in detail by major civil law countries. However, in the current law of our country, there is no common mortgage system. There are also logical problems in the relevant provisions concerning the realization of this right, which makes the courts in practice have inconsistency and irrationality in applying these provisions. This paper is divided into four chapters to discuss the realization mechanism of common mortgage. First of all, it summarizes the regulation and theoretical research of common mortgage in important civil law countries, and introduces the research and development of common mortgage system in Chinese academic circles. The comparison shows that the study of the common mortgage system in our country is not sufficient. For the system of more detailed study of Japan and China's Taiwan region. Secondly, it explains the problems existing in the realization of common mortgage in our country from the aspects of current legal provisions and application, which mainly include three aspects: one is the logical contradiction of the existing provisions of our country, the other is the lack of provisions on the relationship between the existing provisions and other mortgage rights. Third, there are many problems about the realization of common mortgage in practice. In order to solve these problems, we should sum up the realization mechanism of common mortgage according to the domestic and foreign theories and regulations, including the share of the common mortgagor and the relative rights of the surety on the property and the mortgagor after the order. The amount of co-mortgagor should be determined according to the circumstances, and at the same time, the surety, the right of subrogation and the right of recourse are given to the surety. At last, it discusses the related problems of special mortgage. To sum up, it is concluded that the common mortgage should be explicitly stipulated in the civil law of our country, and the logical problems in the existing provisions should be straightened out, and the relevant provisions should be perfected to guide the practice.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：清華大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：D923

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本文編號：2038951