本文選題：船東互保協(xié)會(huì) + 保函�。� 參考：《大連海事大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著中國對(duì)外開放的不斷深入,以及21世紀(jì)海上絲綢之路的加速發(fā)展,國際海運(yùn)貿(mào)易在我國貿(mào)易中所占比重不斷增加。這必然會(huì)涌現(xiàn)越來越多涉及船舶的海事糾紛。當(dāng)海事糾紛的出現(xiàn)時(shí),船東通常會(huì)因船舶被扣押或?qū)⒈豢垩?而請(qǐng)求船東互保協(xié)會(huì)提供保函以阻止船舶被扣押或使船舶能夠盡快得到釋放,以此來盡可能減少不必要的運(yùn)營損失。我國船東大多是向中國船東互保協(xié)會(huì)申請(qǐng)保函。但在理論和司法實(shí)踐中,我國對(duì)船東互保協(xié)會(huì)為解除船舶扣押或者滯留而出具的通常格式的保函法律性質(zhì)的認(rèn)定上存在很大的爭議。本論文首先介紹了船東互保協(xié)會(huì)通常格式的保函法律性質(zhì)認(rèn)定中之觀點(diǎn)分歧,在依據(jù)我國《中華人民共和國擔(dān)保法》、獨(dú)立保函的相關(guān)理論的基礎(chǔ)上,對(duì)船東互保協(xié)會(huì)提供的通常格式的保函應(yīng)當(dāng)屬于獨(dú)立保函進(jìn)行了論述,并針對(duì)我國司法實(shí)踐中船東互保協(xié)會(huì)保函糾紛中存在的問題,以及船東互保協(xié)會(huì)保函被認(rèn)定成為獨(dú)立保函存在的障礙,提出相應(yīng)的解決建議。本文共有四部分構(gòu)成:第一部分是對(duì)船東互保協(xié)會(huì)保函的概述。這部分主要介紹船東互保協(xié)會(huì)保函的概念與特點(diǎn)、船東互保協(xié)會(huì)放船保函的形式與內(nèi)容以及船東互保協(xié)會(huì)出具保函所需要的條件。第二部分是從國內(nèi)外兩方面分析了船東互保協(xié)會(huì)通常格式的保函法律性質(zhì)認(rèn)定上存在的各種觀點(diǎn)。本部分首先介紹了《中華人民共和國擔(dān)保法》下規(guī)定的保證觀以及獨(dú)立保函觀,然后對(duì)主要的英美法系國家、大陸法系國家對(duì)船東互保協(xié)會(huì)通常格式的保函法律性質(zhì)的認(rèn)定進(jìn)行介紹和分析。第三部分是對(duì)現(xiàn)有的保函法律性質(zhì)觀點(diǎn)分析,并提出筆者對(duì)船東互保協(xié)會(huì)保函法律性質(zhì)認(rèn)定觀點(diǎn)。本部分首先對(duì)船東互保協(xié)會(huì)出具的通常格式的保函非《中華人民共和國擔(dān)保法》下規(guī)定的保證進(jìn)行論證;然后,對(duì)船東互保協(xié)會(huì)通常格式的保函屬于獨(dú)立保函進(jìn)行論證。第四部分是對(duì)解決船東互保協(xié)會(huì)保函糾紛提出的相關(guān)建議。
[Abstract]:With the deepening of China's opening to the outside world and the accelerated development of the maritime Silk Road in the 21st century, the proportion of international maritime trade in China's trade is increasing. This is bound to emerge more and more maritime disputes involving ships. When a maritime dispute arises, the shipowner usually requests the shipowner's association to provide a guarantee to prevent the arrest of the ship or to enable the ship to be released as soon as possible by reason of the arrest or imminent arrest of the ship, In this way to minimize unnecessary operational losses. Most shipowners in China apply for guarantees from the China Shipowners' Mutual Insurance Association. However, in theory and judicial practice, there is a great dispute on the legal nature of the usual form of guarantee issued by the shipowners' mutual insurance association to relieve the arrest or detention of the ship. This paper first introduces the differences of views on the legal nature of the guarantee in the usual format of the shipowners' mutual insurance association, based on the relevant theories of the independent guarantee according to the guarantee Law of the people's Republic of China. This paper discusses that the usual form of guarantee provided by the shipowner's mutual protection association should be an independent guarantee, and aims at the problems existing in the dispute of guarantee provided by the shipowner's mutual protection association in our country's judicial practice. The guarantee of shipowner's mutual insurance association is recognized as the obstacle of independent guarantee, and the corresponding solution is put forward. This paper consists of four parts: the first part is an overview of the guarantee letter of shipowners' mutual insurance association. This part mainly introduces the concept and characteristics of the guarantee of the shipowners' mutual insurance association, the form and content of the ship release guarantee of the shipowners' mutual insurance association and the conditions required by the shipowners' mutual insurance association to issue the letter of guarantee. The second part is to analyze the legal nature of the usual form of the shipowners' mutual insurance association from domestic and foreign aspects of the existence of a variety of views. This part first introduces the concept of guarantee and independent guarantee under the guarantee Law of the people's Republic of China, and then introduces the main common law countries. This paper introduces and analyzes the legal nature of the letter of guarantee in the common form of the shipowner's mutual insurance association in the countries of civil law system. In the third part, the author analyzes the existing legal nature of guarantee, and puts forward the author's opinion on the legal nature of guarantee of shipowners' mutual insurance association. This part first demonstrates that the usual form of guarantee issued by the shipowner's mutual insurance association is not the guarantee stipulated under the guarantee Law of the people's Republic of China, and then demonstrates that the usual form of guarantee issued by the shipowner's mutual insurance association is an independent guarantee. The fourth part is to resolve the shipowner mutual protection association guarantee dispute put forward the related suggestion.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：大連海事大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：D923.3

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