本文選題：信用擔(dān)保 + 信用擔(dān)保機(jī)構(gòu)　； 參考：《安徽財(cái)經(jīng)大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：現(xiàn)今,我國(guó)中小企業(yè)的發(fā)展對(duì)社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)的良好運(yùn)行有很大的影響,它在提高經(jīng)濟(jì)的增長(zhǎng)和緩解就業(yè)的壓力以及促進(jìn)科學(xué)技術(shù)的進(jìn)步和穩(wěn)定社會(huì)良好秩序等方面都充當(dāng)著非常重要的角色,尤其體現(xiàn)在經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)方面,中小企業(yè)的促進(jìn)作用是無(wú)法替代的。不管是在發(fā)展中國(guó)家還是在經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)達(dá)的國(guó)家,中小企業(yè)都已經(jīng)形成或者在未來(lái)形成對(duì)本國(guó)國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)的支柱力量�？梢�(jiàn),中小企業(yè)的發(fā)展問(wèn)題是非常值得我們重視的。而中小企業(yè)的健康發(fā)展在實(shí)踐中卻面臨著多方因素的制約,尤其是融資難因素,大大制約著中小企業(yè)的發(fā)展。 為解決這一難題而產(chǎn)生的信用擔(dān)保機(jī)構(gòu)也因?qū)嵺`運(yùn)行中信用級(jí)別不高、資金不足等問(wèn)題而負(fù)擔(dān)著較高的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。如今,由于我國(guó)信用擔(dān)保法律制度體系和風(fēng)險(xiǎn)防范控制機(jī)制還不夠完善,使風(fēng)險(xiǎn)向信用擔(dān)保機(jī)構(gòu)大量集中。而風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的過(guò)度集中和高代償率問(wèn)題又會(huì)導(dǎo)致信用擔(dān)保機(jī)構(gòu)擔(dān)保能力下降,從而嚴(yán)重阻礙信用擔(dān)保機(jī)構(gòu)的融資功能。因此,我們要認(rèn)真學(xué)習(xí)國(guó)外的成熟經(jīng)驗(yàn),努力構(gòu)建符合我國(guó)現(xiàn)實(shí)國(guó)情的信用擔(dān)保法律體系及風(fēng)險(xiǎn)防控機(jī)制,進(jìn)而解決我國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展中的中小企融資困境。 本文內(nèi)容主要有四部分：第一部分是關(guān)于信用擔(dān)�；纠碚摰年U述。這一章對(duì)信用擔(dān)保的含義、產(chǎn)生和發(fā)展的歷史以及法律性質(zhì)等基礎(chǔ)性的問(wèn)題進(jìn)行簡(jiǎn)單介紹和基本分析,為以下研究風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的防范控制制度打好基礎(chǔ)。第二部分則深入研究了信用擔(dān)保機(jī)構(gòu)本身風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的來(lái)源和傳導(dǎo)的機(jī)理及信用擔(dān)保機(jī)構(gòu)面臨的風(fēng)險(xiǎn),介紹風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的具體表現(xiàn)和主要成因。進(jìn)而把我國(guó)信用擔(dān)保風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的表現(xiàn)形式歸納為代償、流動(dòng)和信譽(yù)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)等。第三部分則是針對(duì)美國(guó)、日本、韓國(guó)的信用擔(dān)保機(jī)構(gòu)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)控制立法與實(shí)踐對(duì)比。在對(duì)各國(guó)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)控制立法與實(shí)踐進(jìn)行對(duì)比之后,歸納總結(jié)出相對(duì)成熟的寶貴經(jīng)驗(yàn),為我國(guó)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)控制制度的完善提供一些良好的借鑒。第四部分在前文基礎(chǔ)上進(jìn)步分析導(dǎo)致這些風(fēng)險(xiǎn)出現(xiàn)的原因是因?yàn)槲覈?guó)信用擔(dān)保法律體系、監(jiān)管機(jī)制,信用擔(dān)保機(jī)構(gòu)內(nèi)部風(fēng)險(xiǎn)預(yù)控制度以及外部風(fēng)險(xiǎn)預(yù)控制度存在的一些缺陷從而導(dǎo)致風(fēng)險(xiǎn)防控能力低下。最后針對(duì)我國(guó)信用擔(dān)保機(jī)構(gòu)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的原因,并比較學(xué)習(xí)國(guó)外科學(xué)的立法經(jīng)驗(yàn)和實(shí)踐成果,著手建設(shè)信用擔(dān)保法律體系和加強(qiáng)對(duì)信用擔(dān)保機(jī)構(gòu)的監(jiān)管及其內(nèi)部風(fēng)險(xiǎn)控制并加強(qiáng)外部風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的控制等這些來(lái)對(duì)我國(guó)信用擔(dān)保機(jī)構(gòu)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)控制制度加以完善。
[Abstract]:Nowadays, the development of small and medium-sized enterprises in China has a great impact on the good operation of social economy. It plays a very important role in increasing economic growth and alleviating employment pressures, as well as in promoting scientific and technological progress and stabilizing social order, especially in terms of economic growth, The promotion function of medium and small enterprises is irreplaceable. Whether in the developing countries or in the economically developed countries, SMEs have formed or will form the backbone of their national economy in the future. Visible, the development of small and medium-sized enterprises is very worthy of our attention. The healthy development of small and medium-sized enterprises in practice is facing many constraints, especially the financing difficulties, which greatly restricts the development of small and medium-sized enterprises. In order to solve this problem, the credit guarantee institutions also bear higher risks because of the problems of low credit grade and insufficient funds in practice. Nowadays, because the legal system of credit guarantee and the mechanism of risk prevention and control in our country are not perfect enough, the risk is concentrated in the credit guarantee institution. The excessive concentration of risk and the problem of high repayment rate will lead to the decline of the guarantee ability of the credit guarantee institution, which seriously hinders the financing function of the credit guarantee institution. Therefore, we should study the mature experience of foreign countries and try our best to construct the legal system of credit guarantee and the mechanism of risk prevention and control in accordance with the reality of our country, so as to solve the financing dilemma of SMEs in the economic development of our country. There are four parts in this paper: the first part is about the basic theory of credit guarantee. This chapter briefly introduces and analyzes the meaning of credit guarantee, the history of its emergence and development, the nature of law and other basic problems, which lays a good foundation for the following research on risk prevention and control system. The second part deeply studies the origin and transmission mechanism of the risk of the credit guarantee institution and the risk faced by the credit guarantee institution, and introduces the concrete manifestation and the main cause of the risk. Furthermore, the forms of credit guarantee risk in China are summarized as compensation, flow and credit risk. The third part is aimed at the United States, Japan, South Korea credit guarantee agency risk control legislation and practice comparison. After comparing the legislation and practice of risk control in various countries, this paper sums up the relatively mature valuable experience and provides some good reference for the perfection of risk control system in our country. In the fourth part, on the basis of the previous analysis, the reasons for the emergence of these risks are the legal system of credit guarantee in China, the regulatory mechanism. The internal risk pre-control system and the external risk pre-control system of the credit guarantee organization have some defects, which lead to the low risk prevention and control ability. Finally, aiming at the causes of the risk of credit guarantee institutions in China, and comparing the experience and practice of foreign scientific legislation, To perfect the risk control system of credit guarantee institutions in our country, we should start to construct the legal system of credit guarantee, strengthen the supervision of credit guarantee institutions, control the internal risks and strengthen the control of external risks.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：安徽財(cái)經(jīng)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：D922.28;D923

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