發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-05-16 20:25

  本文選題：高校 + 職務(wù)發(fā)明��； 參考：《北京外國語大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：信息技術(shù)革命以來,科學(xué)與技術(shù)飛速發(fā)展,國家也越來越重視鼓勵(lì)創(chuàng)新。企業(yè)中要求職務(wù)發(fā)明的專利權(quán)歸屬于發(fā)明人個(gè)人的呼聲日益高漲。然而,與企業(yè)的職務(wù)發(fā)明體系不同,由于高校肩負(fù)著公共利益的特殊性,以"經(jīng)濟(jì)人"和"理性人"為基礎(chǔ)的市場經(jīng)濟(jì)體系對高校來說并不適用,因此,有必要專門針對高校職務(wù)發(fā)明制定一套合理的制度,明確規(guī)定高校職務(wù)發(fā)明創(chuàng)造的權(quán)利歸屬。高校職務(wù)發(fā)明的權(quán)利歸屬問題包括申請專利的權(quán)利與專利權(quán),獲得獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)與報(bào)酬的權(quán)利,還有其他權(quán)利,如發(fā)明人的知情權(quán)和優(yōu)先購買權(quán)等。這些權(quán)利歸屬的問題關(guān)系到發(fā)明人的切身利益,影響發(fā)明人和高校之間的利益分配,從而影響發(fā)明人從事發(fā)明的積極性、職務(wù)發(fā)明后續(xù)商業(yè)化的程度,最終影響科技發(fā)展的進(jìn)程�；谥R產(chǎn)權(quán)的權(quán)利來源和知識產(chǎn)權(quán)制度的激勵(lì)效果,本文運(yùn)用以洛克理論為基礎(chǔ)的勞動權(quán)利說和以邊沁的功利主義為基礎(chǔ)的鼓勵(lì)機(jī)制說進(jìn)行分析,無論是發(fā)明人主義還是單位主義的立法模式都不能完美地解決實(shí)踐當(dāng)中存在的問題。法律作為調(diào)整社會關(guān)系的重要工具,只能在綜合考量制度各自的利弊后,選擇更加能實(shí)現(xiàn)社會目的的一種,并盡可能從其他方面對其不足進(jìn)行彌補(bǔ)。從目前的情況來看,將權(quán)利歸屬于高校,并從經(jīng)濟(jì)補(bǔ)償和其他法定權(quán)利的角度來保障發(fā)明人的權(quán)利最為合理。本文共分為五個(gè)部分。第一部分簡要介紹職務(wù)發(fā)明制度并對比了高校職務(wù)發(fā)明與企業(yè)職務(wù)發(fā)明的特殊性。第二到第四部分是高校職務(wù)發(fā)明權(quán)利歸屬研究的核心內(nèi)容。第二部分分析了高校職務(wù)發(fā)明專利權(quán)應(yīng)當(dāng)歸誰所有。第三部分討論除了專利權(quán)之外的其他權(quán)利設(shè)置,如獲得報(bào)酬的權(quán)利、知情權(quán)、優(yōu)先購買權(quán)等。第四部分通過介紹美國、日本和德國的職務(wù)發(fā)明權(quán)利歸屬制度來為我國立法提供借鑒與參考。筆者認(rèn)為,明確權(quán)利歸屬以及后續(xù)的利益分配是制度設(shè)計(jì)的關(guān)鍵所在。第五部分根據(jù)上文的探究與分析,為完善我國高校職務(wù)發(fā)明制度提出建議。文章得出結(jié)論,高校職務(wù)發(fā)明的權(quán)利應(yīng)當(dāng)歸屬于學(xué)校,但應(yīng)當(dāng)以其他方式充分保障發(fā)明人的利益。
[Abstract]:Since the revolution of information technology, science and technology have developed rapidly, and the state has paid more and more attention to encouraging innovation. In enterprises, the claim for the patent right of the job invention belongs to the individual of the inventor is increasing. However, it is different from the enterprise's job invention system, which is based on the particularity of the public interest and is based on the "economic man" and the "rational man". The foundation of the market economy system is not suitable for colleges and universities. Therefore, it is necessary to set up a set of reasonable system specifically for the job inventions of colleges and universities to specify the rights of the invention created by the post of university posts. The rights of the inventor, such as the inventor's right to know and the right of preemption, affect the interests of the inventor, influence the interests distribution between the inventor and the University, thus influence the inventor's enthusiasm for inventions, the degree of subsequent commercialization of the post invention, and the process of the development of science and technology. The source of rights and the incentive effect of the intellectual property system, this article uses Rock theory as the basis of labor rights and Bentham's utilitarianism as the basis of the incentive mechanism to analyze, whether the inventor doctrine or the legislative mode of the unit can not solve the problems in practice perfectly. An important tool for the whole social relationship can only choose a more social purpose after the comprehensive examination of the advantages and disadvantages of the system, and make up for its shortcomings as far as possible. From the present situation, the rights belong to the University, and the rights of the inventor are guaranteed from the perspective of economic compensation and other legal rights. It is the most reasonable. This article is divided into five parts. The first part briefly introduces the system of job invention and compares the particularity of the job inventions and the job inventions of the University. The second to the fourth part is the core content of the study of the right to the duty invention of the University. The second part analyses the third part of the patent right of the university service. The fourth part is to discuss the rights, the right to know, the right of preemption, etc., in addition to the rights of the patent right, such as the right to get remuneration, the right to know, the right of preemption and so on. In the fourth part, by introducing the system of the ownership of the rights of the United States, Japan and Germany, the system of ownership of the rights of the invention is provided for reference and reference. The fifth part, according to the inquiry and analysis of the previous article, puts forward some suggestions to improve the system of the job invention in Colleges and universities in our country. The article concludes that the right to invent the post of university should belong to the school, but the interests of the inventor should be fully guaranteed in other ways.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京外國語大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：D923.42

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