本文選題：股權 + 股權處分　； 參考：《吉林大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：善意取得制度確定了在無權處分的情況下的權利歸屬,具有保護交易安全的目的。隨著社會的發(fā)展,交易已經(jīng)不局限在傳統(tǒng)的有體物的交易,越來越多的無體物開始進入交易領域,有限責任公司的股權就是其中之一。在有限責任公司的股權交易中,常常會出現(xiàn)對股權的無權處分,進而在真實權利人和善意受讓人之間的利益沖突,而善意取得制度是解決此種沖突最好的方法,所以在股權交易中需要適用善意取得制度。但是有限責任公司的股權和傳統(tǒng)的物權在很多方面都存在差異,在適用《物權法》上的善意取得制度時,應該根據(jù)其自身的特點作相應的變通。首先,對股權權屬的判斷應當采用實質(zhì)標準,即在公司運行中能夠作為股東行使股權的人才是股權的權利人。雖然公司的股東名冊和工商登記都可以反映公司的股權狀況,但是在股東名冊、工商登記和真實的股權狀況出現(xiàn)不一致的情況下,應當根據(jù)真實的股權狀況確定股權的歸屬。不是權利人對于股權的處分是無權處分,對股權的無權處分則會引發(fā)受讓人是不是符合善意取得的思考。其次,在我國現(xiàn)階段的法律框架下,工商登記是有限責任公司股權的權利外觀,第三人對工商登記的信賴是其善意的來源。但是現(xiàn)行的工商登記制度缺乏相應的制度性保障,其正確性較低,因此需要對其加以改造,以使其能夠更好的充當有限責任公司股權的權利外觀。對工商登記的改造應該保證工商登記中的股東登記和真實的股權狀況保持高度的一致,可以從以下幾個方面入手:第一,在工商登記中引入異議登記;第二,大幅度地縮短變更工商登記的時間;第三,應當把股東的出資額作為工商登記中的應登記內(nèi)容。再次,受讓人在通知公司時取得股權。在股權轉讓合同生效以后,在出讓人和受讓人之間只是產(chǎn)生了權利和義務的關系,并不會發(fā)生股權變動的效果。股權歸屬應當在通知公司時發(fā)生變動。通知公司以后,受讓人才取得股權。如果沒有通知公司,則受讓人尚未取得股權,股權還為原權利人所有,不會在真實權利人和受讓人之間產(chǎn)生利益沖突,也就不會有善意取得制度適用的空間。最后,股權的善意取得還應當考慮權利人的可歸責性。如果權利人沒有可歸責性,則不能適用善意取得制度。權利人的可歸責性主要包括兩個方面:一是權利人對于無權處分人權利外觀的形成有過錯;二是權利人疏于查看工商登記,致使工商登記的錯誤長時間的存在。股權善意取得的其他要件,可以類推適用《物權法》和《最高人民法院關于適用中華人民共和國物權法若干問題的解釋(一)》的相關規(guī)定。
[Abstract]:The system of bona fide acquisition determines the ownership of the right under the circumstance of unauthorized disposition and has the purpose of protecting the security of the transaction.With the development of the society, the transaction is not limited to the traditional physical transactions, more and more incorporeal began to enter the trading field, limited liability company equity is one of them.In the stock right transaction of limited liability company, the unauthorized disposition of the stock right often appears, and then the conflict of interest between the real right holder and the bona fide transferee, and the system of bona fide acquisition is the best way to solve the conflict.So it is necessary to apply bona fide acquisition system in equity trading.However, the ownership of limited liability company and traditional real right are different in many aspects. When applying the bona fide acquisition system in Real Law, we should make corresponding modifications according to its own characteristics.First of all, the judgment of equity ownership should adopt the substantive standard, that is, the person who can exercise equity as a shareholder in the operation of the company is the right holder of equity.Although both the register of shareholders and the registration of industry and commerce can reflect the equity status of the company, if the register of shareholders, the registration of industry and commerce and the real status of the equity are inconsistent, the ownership of the stock should be determined according to the real status of the stock right.Not that the right holder has no right to dispose of the right, but that the right to dispose of the right will lead to the consideration of whether the transferee is in accordance with the acquisition in good faith.Secondly, under the current legal framework of our country, industrial and commercial registration is the right appearance of limited liability company's equity, and the third party's trust in industrial and commercial registration is its bona fide source.However, the current industrial and commercial registration system lacks the corresponding institutional guarantee, and its correctness is relatively low, so it needs to be reformed so that it can better act as the right appearance of the limited liability company's stock right.The reform of industrial and commercial registration should ensure that the registration of shareholders in the registration of industry and commerce keeps a high degree of consistency with the real status of stock rights. It can be started from the following aspects: first, the introduction of dissenting registration in the registration of industry and commerce; second, the introduction of dissenting registration in the registration of industry and commerce;The time of changing the registration of industry and commerce should be greatly shortened; thirdly, the amount of capital contributed by shareholders should be regarded as the content of registration in the registration of industry and commerce.Again, the transferee acquires equity when notifying the company.After the equity transfer contract comes into effect, the relationship between transferee and transferee only produces the relation of rights and obligations, and does not have the effect of stock right change.Ownership of shares shall be changed at the time of notification to the company.After notifying the company, the transferee acquires the equity.If the company is not notified, the transferee has not yet acquired the equity, the equity is also owned by the original right holder, there will be no conflict of interest between the real right holder and the transferee, and there will be no space for the bona fide acquisition system to be applied.Finally, the bona fide acquisition of equity should also consider the obligee's imputability.If the obligee has no imputation, the bona fide acquisition system cannot be applied.The imputation of the obligee mainly includes two aspects: one is that the obligee has fault about the appearance of the right to dispose of the right; the other is that the obligee neglects to check the registration of industry and commerce, resulting in the existence of the mistake of the registration of industry and commerce for a long time.Other requirements for bona fide acquisition of stock rights may be applied by analogy to the relevant provisions of the Law on Real Rights and the interpretation (1) > of the Supreme people's Court on the Application of the Real right Law of the people's Republic of China.
【學位授予單位】：吉林大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：D923.2;D922.291.91

【參考文獻】

相關期刊論文 前1條

1 郭富青;;論股權善意取得的依據(jù)與法律適用[J];甘肅政法學院學報;2013年04期

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本文編號：1751302