本文選題：股權(quán) + 股權(quán)處分��； 參考：《吉林大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：善意取得制度確定了在無權(quán)處分的情況下的權(quán)利歸屬,具有保護(hù)交易安全的目的。隨著社會的發(fā)展,交易已經(jīng)不局限在傳統(tǒng)的有體物的交易,越來越多的無體物開始進(jìn)入交易領(lǐng)域,有限責(zé)任公司的股權(quán)就是其中之一。在有限責(zé)任公司的股權(quán)交易中,常常會出現(xiàn)對股權(quán)的無權(quán)處分,進(jìn)而在真實(shí)權(quán)利人和善意受讓人之間的利益沖突,而善意取得制度是解決此種沖突最好的方法,所以在股權(quán)交易中需要適用善意取得制度。但是有限責(zé)任公司的股權(quán)和傳統(tǒng)的物權(quán)在很多方面都存在差異,在適用《物權(quán)法》上的善意取得制度時(shí),應(yīng)該根據(jù)其自身的特點(diǎn)作相應(yīng)的變通。首先,對股權(quán)權(quán)屬的判斷應(yīng)當(dāng)采用實(shí)質(zhì)標(biāo)準(zhǔn),即在公司運(yùn)行中能夠作為股東行使股權(quán)的人才是股權(quán)的權(quán)利人。雖然公司的股東名冊和工商登記都可以反映公司的股權(quán)狀況,但是在股東名冊、工商登記和真實(shí)的股權(quán)狀況出現(xiàn)不一致的情況下,應(yīng)當(dāng)根據(jù)真實(shí)的股權(quán)狀況確定股權(quán)的歸屬。不是權(quán)利人對于股權(quán)的處分是無權(quán)處分,對股權(quán)的無權(quán)處分則會引發(fā)受讓人是不是符合善意取得的思考。其次,在我國現(xiàn)階段的法律框架下,工商登記是有限責(zé)任公司股權(quán)的權(quán)利外觀,第三人對工商登記的信賴是其善意的來源。但是現(xiàn)行的工商登記制度缺乏相應(yīng)的制度性保障,其正確性較低,因此需要對其加以改造,以使其能夠更好的充當(dāng)有限責(zé)任公司股權(quán)的權(quán)利外觀。對工商登記的改造應(yīng)該保證工商登記中的股東登記和真實(shí)的股權(quán)狀況保持高度的一致,可以從以下幾個方面入手:第一,在工商登記中引入異議登記;第二,大幅度地縮短變更工商登記的時(shí)間;第三,應(yīng)當(dāng)把股東的出資額作為工商登記中的應(yīng)登記內(nèi)容。再次,受讓人在通知公司時(shí)取得股權(quán)。在股權(quán)轉(zhuǎn)讓合同生效以后,在出讓人和受讓人之間只是產(chǎn)生了權(quán)利和義務(wù)的關(guān)系,并不會發(fā)生股權(quán)變動的效果。股權(quán)歸屬應(yīng)當(dāng)在通知公司時(shí)發(fā)生變動。通知公司以后,受讓人才取得股權(quán)。如果沒有通知公司,則受讓人尚未取得股權(quán),股權(quán)還為原權(quán)利人所有,不會在真實(shí)權(quán)利人和受讓人之間產(chǎn)生利益沖突,也就不會有善意取得制度適用的空間。最后,股權(quán)的善意取得還應(yīng)當(dāng)考慮權(quán)利人的可歸責(zé)性。如果權(quán)利人沒有可歸責(zé)性,則不能適用善意取得制度。權(quán)利人的可歸責(zé)性主要包括兩個方面:一是權(quán)利人對于無權(quán)處分人權(quán)利外觀的形成有過錯;二是權(quán)利人疏于查看工商登記,致使工商登記的錯誤長時(shí)間的存在。股權(quán)善意取得的其他要件,可以類推適用《物權(quán)法》和《最高人民法院關(guān)于適用中華人民共和國物權(quán)法若干問題的解釋(一)》的相關(guān)規(guī)定。
[Abstract]:The system of bona fide acquisition determines the ownership of the right under the circumstance of unauthorized disposition and has the purpose of protecting the security of the transaction.With the development of the society, the transaction is not limited to the traditional physical transactions, more and more incorporeal began to enter the trading field, limited liability company equity is one of them.In the stock right transaction of limited liability company, the unauthorized disposition of the stock right often appears, and then the conflict of interest between the real right holder and the bona fide transferee, and the system of bona fide acquisition is the best way to solve the conflict.So it is necessary to apply bona fide acquisition system in equity trading.However, the ownership of limited liability company and traditional real right are different in many aspects. When applying the bona fide acquisition system in Real Law, we should make corresponding modifications according to its own characteristics.First of all, the judgment of equity ownership should adopt the substantive standard, that is, the person who can exercise equity as a shareholder in the operation of the company is the right holder of equity.Although both the register of shareholders and the registration of industry and commerce can reflect the equity status of the company, if the register of shareholders, the registration of industry and commerce and the real status of the equity are inconsistent, the ownership of the stock should be determined according to the real status of the stock right.Not that the right holder has no right to dispose of the right, but that the right to dispose of the right will lead to the consideration of whether the transferee is in accordance with the acquisition in good faith.Secondly, under the current legal framework of our country, industrial and commercial registration is the right appearance of limited liability company's equity, and the third party's trust in industrial and commercial registration is its bona fide source.However, the current industrial and commercial registration system lacks the corresponding institutional guarantee, and its correctness is relatively low, so it needs to be reformed so that it can better act as the right appearance of the limited liability company's stock right.The reform of industrial and commercial registration should ensure that the registration of shareholders in the registration of industry and commerce keeps a high degree of consistency with the real status of stock rights. It can be started from the following aspects: first, the introduction of dissenting registration in the registration of industry and commerce; second, the introduction of dissenting registration in the registration of industry and commerce;The time of changing the registration of industry and commerce should be greatly shortened; thirdly, the amount of capital contributed by shareholders should be regarded as the content of registration in the registration of industry and commerce.Again, the transferee acquires equity when notifying the company.After the equity transfer contract comes into effect, the relationship between transferee and transferee only produces the relation of rights and obligations, and does not have the effect of stock right change.Ownership of shares shall be changed at the time of notification to the company.After notifying the company, the transferee acquires the equity.If the company is not notified, the transferee has not yet acquired the equity, the equity is also owned by the original right holder, there will be no conflict of interest between the real right holder and the transferee, and there will be no space for the bona fide acquisition system to be applied.Finally, the bona fide acquisition of equity should also consider the obligee's imputability.If the obligee has no imputation, the bona fide acquisition system cannot be applied.The imputation of the obligee mainly includes two aspects: one is that the obligee has fault about the appearance of the right to dispose of the right; the other is that the obligee neglects to check the registration of industry and commerce, resulting in the existence of the mistake of the registration of industry and commerce for a long time.Other requirements for bona fide acquisition of stock rights may be applied by analogy to the relevant provisions of the Law on Real Rights and the interpretation (1) > of the Supreme people's Court on the Application of the Real right Law of the people's Republic of China.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：D923.2;D922.291.91

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前1條

1 郭富青;;論股權(quán)善意取得的依據(jù)與法律適用[J];甘肅政法學(xué)院學(xué)報(bào);2013年04期

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本文編號：1751302