發(fā)布時間：2018-04-11 08:25

  本文選題：表達自由 + 網(wǎng)絡(luò)犯罪�。� 參考：《鄭州大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：網(wǎng)絡(luò)具有去中心化、匿名與跨國界的特性,除了使網(wǎng)絡(luò)成為時下熱門的通訊傳播媒體外,也成為孕育各種網(wǎng)絡(luò)犯罪的溫床。其中,網(wǎng)絡(luò)誹謗的案件數(shù)量在近幾年有大幅增長的趨勢,網(wǎng)絡(luò)空間中個人名譽與表達自由基本權(quán)沖突的頁愈演愈烈。由于人們使用現(xiàn)代科技網(wǎng)絡(luò)與他人溝通或發(fā)表個人意見,常常會不自覺觸動法律,因此了解網(wǎng)絡(luò)誹謗的認定有其實際意義。本文第一部分介紹了網(wǎng)絡(luò)誹謗的概念和特點,區(qū)別于傳統(tǒng)的誹謗行為;第二部分介紹了網(wǎng)絡(luò)誹謗適用法律的問題,針對網(wǎng)絡(luò)的特殊性,不宜采取過于先進或保守的法律,而是應(yīng)該修正適用已有法律;第三部分介紹了網(wǎng)絡(luò)誹謗所涉及的法益沖突,即言論自由與名譽權(quán)的沖突在網(wǎng)絡(luò)時代愈演愈烈;第四部分介紹網(wǎng)絡(luò)誹謗的法律責(zé)任,即民事侵權(quán)責(zé)任和刑事責(zé)任;第五部分是對網(wǎng)絡(luò)誹謗行為的認定及歸責(zé),其中純粹性言論,象征性言論、言論混合行為都為憲法所保護的言論,因此在網(wǎng)上發(fā)布上述言論不構(gòu)成網(wǎng)絡(luò)誹謗,對于單純的點贊行為,難以推斷其主觀惡意,因此不應(yīng)構(gòu)成網(wǎng)絡(luò)誹謗,對于轉(zhuǎn)載和分享涉嫌誹謗的文章或鏈接時,是否構(gòu)成網(wǎng)絡(luò)誹謗要看其主觀惡性,而公民的批評建議權(quán)則是憲法賦予公民的基本權(quán)利,對國家工作人員或公眾人物即使做出有損其名譽的客觀言論,也不構(gòu)成網(wǎng)絡(luò)誹謗。在責(zé)任歸屬上,無論是網(wǎng)絡(luò)提供商(ISP)、網(wǎng)絡(luò)內(nèi)容服務(wù)商(ICP)、網(wǎng)絡(luò)誹謗信息發(fā)布者或傳播者適用過錯原則,否則不承擔(dān)法律責(zé)任;最后提出了建議,在處理網(wǎng)絡(luò)誹謗案件是應(yīng)考慮網(wǎng)絡(luò)的特殊性,禁止策略性訴訟,保護公民的言論自由權(quán),對名譽權(quán)的恢復(fù),搜索引擎的排序也不失為一種好的方法。
[Abstract]:The network has the characteristics of decentralization, anonymity and cross-border. It not only makes the network become the popular communication media, but also becomes the breeding ground for all kinds of cybercrime.Among them, the number of online defamation cases has a large increase in recent years, in cyberspace, personal reputation and freedom of expression of the basic right to conflict pages intensified.Because people use modern technology network to communicate with others or express personal opinions, they often unconsciously touch the law, so it is of practical significance to understand the identification of network libel.The first part of this paper introduces the concept and characteristics of network libel, which is different from the traditional libel behavior. The second part introduces the application of the law of network libel, aiming at the particularity of the network, it is not appropriate to adopt the law that is too advanced or conservative.The third part introduces the conflicts of legal interests involved in online libel, that is, the conflict between freedom of speech and reputation rights is intensified in the network age, the fourth part introduces the legal liability of online defamation.The fifth part is the identification and imputation of the online libel, in which pure speech, symbolic speech and mixed speech are all protected by the Constitution.Therefore, publishing the above remarks on the Internet does not constitute online libel. It is difficult to infer the subjective malice of a simple act of likes, and therefore should not constitute Internet libel. When reprinting and sharing articles or links suspected of libel,Whether it constitutes internet libel depends on its subjective malignancy, and the citizen's right of criticism and suggestion is the basic right given by the Constitution. Even if the public figures or state functionaries make objective remarks which are harmful to their reputation, it does not constitute network libel.In terms of liability attribution, whether it is ISPU, Internet content service provider or ICPU, the Internet slander information publisher or disseminator applies the principle of fault, otherwise, it will not bear legal liability. Finally, it puts forward some suggestions.In dealing with network libel cases, we should consider the particularity of the network, prohibit strategic litigation, protect citizens' right to freedom of speech, restore the right to reputation, and rank search engines as a good method.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：鄭州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：D923

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本文編號：1735191