發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-04-05 23:11

  本文選題：理論爭議　切入點(diǎn)：法律關(guān)系　出處：《鄭州大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：采用立體的方式對土地進(jìn)行利用,在世界范圍內(nèi)已經(jīng)成為普遍趨勢。在物權(quán)法領(lǐng)域中,空間利用權(quán)是一種在對土地的利用由平面向縱向發(fā)展變化中產(chǎn)生的新型權(quán)利類型。目前,空間權(quán)的相關(guān)法律制度在西方國家已相繼建立,而在我國,這一領(lǐng)域很少觸及。我國學(xué)界對空間權(quán)的相關(guān)研究也十分匱乏,尤其是對空間權(quán)的一些理論問題,仍存在較大爭議。筆者認(rèn)為,空間權(quán)是來自于土地所有權(quán),在空間權(quán)與土地所有權(quán)分離時(shí),由于他人須在土地上建造建筑物或工作物,土地所有權(quán)人將空間利用權(quán)讓渡給他人,由他人獲得對土地的占有、使用、收益的權(quán)能,這與地上權(quán)的來源是相同的。由此可見,空間權(quán)在性質(zhì)上并不是一項(xiàng)單獨(dú)的用益物權(quán),而是對一定空間上所設(shè)定的各種權(quán)利類型的抽象概括。目前,我國的城鎮(zhèn)化建設(shè)正在如火如荼的進(jìn)行中,城市規(guī)模在不斷擴(kuò)大,對土地資源越來越多的需求和人口的迅速增長使得土地資源稀缺的問題日益凸顯,供需兩方面的矛盾日益突出。因此,人們將視線轉(zhuǎn)移到了地上、地下的立體空間,在對空間的利用越來越廣泛的情況下,使空間權(quán)與土地權(quán)利發(fā)生了分離,在地上權(quán)之上、之下均可以有不同的權(quán)利主體,這種與地上權(quán)的沖突促使了空間權(quán)制度和立法的產(chǎn)生。當(dāng)今世界,空間權(quán)及其相關(guān)制度已經(jīng)普遍在很多國家或者地區(qū)的法律中有所體現(xiàn),但是對于空間權(quán)的一些理論問題和相關(guān)法律制度還沒有被統(tǒng)一化。比如空間權(quán)的概念與性質(zhì)、空間權(quán)的客體、空間與土地的關(guān)系等問題也因?yàn)楦鲊恋刂贫鹊牟煌兴町�。目�?我國也已經(jīng)普遍存在對空間的開發(fā)和利用,但是卻沒有有關(guān)空間權(quán)的立法,這有悖于社會(huì)的發(fā)展趨勢。我國物權(quán)法在用益物權(quán)章節(jié)中規(guī)定了空間建設(shè)用地使用權(quán)①,這對我國空間權(quán)法律領(lǐng)域來說有著跨越性的意義,標(biāo)志著空間權(quán)在我國納入了法制的軌道,開始了運(yùn)用法律和規(guī)范對空間權(quán)加以規(guī)定和限制的新時(shí)代,不得不說是對空間權(quán)立法上的重大突破。空間的立體開發(fā)與土地的平面開發(fā)是不同的,因此,不能將空間的開發(fā)利用納入到土地的開發(fā)利用的規(guī)則中來。因此,完善空間權(quán)的相關(guān)法律制度顯得迫在眉睫。然而,我國物權(quán)法僅僅用一個(gè)條文來概括顯然達(dá)不到實(shí)際使用的要求,因此,我們要結(jié)合各國的空間權(quán)立法來創(chuàng)立適用于我國的空間權(quán)制度,使得我國空間資源的利用能夠得到有效的保護(hù)。
[Abstract]:The use of land in three-dimensional way has become a universal trend in the world.In the field of property law, spatial use right is a new type of rights which arises from the development of land use from plane to vertical.At present, the relevant legal system of space right has been established in western countries one after another, but in our country, this field is rarely touched.The research on space rights in Chinese academic circles is also very scarce, especially on some theoretical issues of space rights, there is still a great deal of controversy.The author thinks that the space right comes from the land ownership. When the space right is separated from the land ownership, because others have to build buildings or work things on the land, the land owner transfers the space use right to others.The power of possession, use, and revenue of land by others is the same as the source of the right to land.It can be seen that space right is not a separate usufructuary right in nature, but an abstract summary of all kinds of rights set up in a certain space.At present, the urbanization construction of our country is in full swing, the urban scale is expanding constantly, the demand for land resources is more and more and the rapid growth of population makes the problem of land resources scarce day by day prominent day by day.The contradiction between supply and demand is increasingly prominent.Therefore, people shift their attention to the ground, underground three-dimensional space, in the case of more and more extensive use of space, so that space rights and land rights have been separated, above the land right, there can be different rights under the subject.This conflict with the right to land promotes the emergence of space right system and legislation.In today's world, space rights and their related systems have been generally reflected in the laws of many countries or regions, but some theoretical issues and related legal systems of space rights have not been unified.For example, the concept and nature of space right, the object of space right and the relationship between space and land are different because of different land systems.At present, the development and utilization of space has been widely existed in our country, but there is no legislation on space right, which is contrary to the trend of social development.In the chapter of usufruct property right of our country, the right to use space construction land is defined, which has leapfrogging significance to the legal field of space right of our country, which indicates that the space right has been brought into the orbit of legal system in our country.The new era of using laws and norms to regulate and restrict the space rights has to be said to be a major breakthrough in the legislation of space rights.The three-dimensional development of space is different from the plane development of land, therefore, the development and utilization of space can not be brought into the rules of land development and utilization.Therefore, it is urgent to perfect the relevant legal system of space right.However, the real right law of our country only uses one article to generalize can't meet the requirement of actual use obviously, therefore, we must combine the space right legislation of various countries to create the space right system which is applicable to our country.So that the use of space resources in China can be effectively protected.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：鄭州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：D923.2

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前6條

1 陳祥健;;空間所有權(quán)得否單獨(dú)存在——對空間所有權(quán)存在問題的爭議與思考[J];福建論壇(人文社會(huì)科學(xué)版);2008年02期

2 張洋;牛學(xué)輝;;論空間利用權(quán)作為獨(dú)立權(quán)利的基礎(chǔ)[J];蘭州大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)(社會(huì)科學(xué)版);2010年05期

3 鄧樂;;論空間權(quán)[J];黑龍江省政法管理干部學(xué)院學(xué)報(bào);2013年04期

4 霍彤;;關(guān)于建立我國空間權(quán)制度的法律思考[J];社會(huì)科學(xué)論壇(學(xué)術(shù)研究卷);2007年01期

5 史浩明;張鵬;;論我國法律上的空間權(quán)及其類型[J];政法論叢;2011年05期

6 石少俠，，王憲森;土地空間權(quán)若干問題探析[J];政治與法律;1994年01期

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 周芳芳;空間權(quán)若干問題研究[D];新疆師范大學(xué);2012年

本文編號(hào)：1716899