本文選題：繼承合同　切入點：法定繼承人　出處：《河北大學》2016年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：繼承合同最早出現(xiàn)在德國的日耳曼法中,廣義的繼承合同制度的內(nèi)容包括繼承權(quán)的賦予以及繼承權(quán)的拋棄,隨著歷史社會歷史的發(fā)展,繼承合同制度也出現(xiàn)了許多變化。從世界各國的立法來看,對于繼承合同存在兩種截然相反的態(tài)度,一種是以德國和瑞士為代表的肯定立法模式,承認繼承合同制度;另一種是以法國和意大利為代表的否定立法模式,禁止繼承合同制度。此外,在英國和美國也有繼承合同,但其并不是嚴格意義上的繼承合同制度,我們將其稱為折中立法模式。在我國,也有很多學者對繼承合同制度作了詳細研究,大部分人對于繼承合同制度持肯定態(tài)度,但是在繼承合同的主體及內(nèi)容方面略有分歧,對于繼承合同的主體的主要爭論點是繼承合同的主體是應(yīng)該只包括法定繼承人還是應(yīng)該是包括法定繼承人在內(nèi)的其他人,對于繼承合同內(nèi)容的主要爭論點是應(yīng)否包括繼承權(quán)的放棄。我國現(xiàn)行《繼承法》中雖然未明確出現(xiàn)繼承合同制度,但是有一項與之非常相類似的制度,即遺贈扶養(yǎng)協(xié)議制度,二者都是通過協(xié)議的方式處理遺產(chǎn)繼承事宜,都是協(xié)議相對方取得繼承權(quán)或者受遺贈權(quán)的直接依據(jù)。但是遺贈扶養(yǎng)協(xié)議制度脫胎于上個世紀的八十年代,有其特殊的制定背景,時至今日,其缺陷日益顯露,越來越不能適應(yīng)現(xiàn)代社會發(fā)展的需要。實際上我國民間習慣中也早有繼承合同的存在,加之司法實踐中對此類案件認定不一,判決不同,嚴重損害了司法的權(quán)威。因而不論是在理論層面還是在現(xiàn)實層面,繼承合同制度都有設(shè)置的必要性。本文認為,結(jié)合我國的具體實際情況,應(yīng)該采取肯定的立法模式,將繼承合同制度規(guī)定在繼承法之中。筆者將文章分為四大部分進行研究,分別為:繼承合同制度的基本理論、繼承合同制度的域外研究、我國構(gòu)建繼承合同制度的必要性、我國繼承合同制度的立法構(gòu)想。第一部分主要是從繼承合同的概念界定出發(fā),分析了繼承合同的概念、特征、與相鄰概念的區(qū)別以及其制度價值。第二部分介紹了大陸法系和英美法系的繼承合同制度,并對其進行了比較分析,得出了我國構(gòu)建繼承合同制度的啟示。第三部分著重從現(xiàn)實和理論兩個層面分析了我國建立繼承合同制度的必要性。第四部分主要闡述的是我國繼承合同的制度構(gòu)想,首先厘清了繼承合同制度與法定扶養(yǎng)義務(wù)是否有沖突以及繼承開始前是否可以放棄繼承權(quán)這兩個問題,接下來闡釋了我國建立繼承合同制度的立法模式和立法體例,最后從繼承合同的訂立、效力、撤銷、解除、以及其他相關(guān)規(guī)定等方面提出了我國繼承合同制度的構(gòu)想。
[Abstract]:The contract of succession first appeared in Germanic law of Germany. The content of the broad system of inheritance contract included the inheritance right and the abandonment of inheritance right. With the development of history and history, There are also many changes in the system of succession contract. From the legislation of countries all over the world, there are two opposite attitudes to the contract of succession. One is the positive legislative model, which is represented by Germany and Switzerland, which recognizes the system of succession contract. The other is the negative legislative model represented by France and Italy, which prohibits the succession contract system. In addition, there are succession contracts in the United Kingdom and the United States, but they are not strictly a system of succession contracts. We call it the compromise legislative model. In our country, many scholars have made detailed research on the succession contract system, most of them have a positive attitude towards the succession contract system, but there are some differences in the subject and content of the inheritance contract. The main issue with regard to the subject of the contract of succession is whether the subject of the contract of succession should include only the legal heirs or other persons, including the legal heirs, The main point of contention about the content of inheritance contract is whether to include the abandonment of inheritance right. Although the succession contract system does not appear clearly in the present inheritance Law, there is a very similar system, that is, the system of bequest and maintenance agreement. Both of them deal with inheritance by means of agreement, and both are the direct basis for the relative party to the agreement to acquire the right of inheritance or the right to be bequeathed. However, the system of bequeath maintenance agreement was born on 80s on 0th century, and has its special background. Up to now, its defects are becoming more and more obvious and can not meet the needs of the development of modern society. In fact, the existence of inheritance contract in the folk custom of our country, in addition to the fact that the judicial practice is different in the determination of this kind of case, the judgment is different. Therefore, whether in theory or in reality, the system of inheritance contract has the necessity of setting up. This paper holds that, in light of the actual situation of our country, we should adopt a positive legislative model. The author divides the article into four parts: the basic theory of succession contract system, the extraterritorial study of inheritance contract system, the necessity of constructing succession contract system in our country. The first part is to analyze the concept and characteristics of succession contract from the definition of the concept of succession contract. The second part introduces the succession contract system of the continental law system and the common law system, and makes a comparative analysis of it. The third part mainly analyzes the necessity of establishing succession contract system in China from two aspects of reality and theory. Part 4th mainly expounds the system conception of succession contract in China. First of all, it clarifies whether there are conflicts between the inheritance contract system and the legal maintenance obligation, and whether we can give up the inheritance right before the succession begins, and then explains the legislative model and legislative style of establishing the inheritance contract system in our country. Finally, the author puts forward the conception of succession contract system in China from the aspects of conclusion, validity, rescission, rescission and other relevant provisions of succession contract.
【學位授予單位】：河北大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：D923.5
，

本文編號：1629121