本文選題：讓與擔(dān)保　切入點(diǎn)：效力　出處：《廣西師范大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：讓與擔(dān)保起源于古羅馬法上的信托制度,具有悠久的發(fā)展歷史。讓與擔(dān)保是在民事經(jīng)濟(jì)生活中不斷發(fā)展與演化歷程中,已經(jīng)是比較成熟的類型化和固定化的一種擔(dān)保形式。讓與擔(dān)保是一種權(quán)利轉(zhuǎn)移型擔(dān)保手段,具有讓與的外觀形式和擔(dān)保債權(quán)的內(nèi)含目的。由于民法物權(quán)理論無法解決其在公示問題和立法邏輯體系融合問題,以及有部分學(xué)者認(rèn)為抵押制度在很大程度上吸收了讓與擔(dān)保制度優(yōu)勢(shì)。因此,在我國(guó)現(xiàn)行物權(quán)法中尚未規(guī)定讓與擔(dān)保制度。然而,該擔(dān)保方式還具有頑強(qiáng)的生命力,具有擴(kuò)大融資方式、節(jié)約交易成本、債務(wù)人占有標(biāo)的等優(yōu)勢(shì),具有巨大的經(jīng)濟(jì)價(jià)值、工具價(jià)值和獨(dú)立價(jià)值。在經(jīng)濟(jì)活動(dòng)中,民事主體較廣泛采用這種擔(dān)保方式。在法律適用上,因缺少明確的法律規(guī)定導(dǎo)致法官適用法律困難。在理論上,論證讓與擔(dān)保制度存廢的爭(zhēng)議也未曾休止。目前,學(xué)界多從讓與擔(dān)保制度構(gòu)建和立法規(guī)制角度探討讓與擔(dān)保。在本文中,筆者嘗試在民法典編纂背景環(huán)境中,在物權(quán)法定主義與意思自治主義思想博弈下,以物權(quán)與債權(quán)二元結(jié)構(gòu)理論為支撐,探討讓與擔(dān)保這種民事行為的效力問題:在民法理論上,讓與擔(dān)保行為是否具有有效性之合理性問題;在現(xiàn)行法下,從民事行為制度角度,讓與擔(dān)保行為是否具有法律效力問題。本文為了解決我國(guó)現(xiàn)行法下如何認(rèn)定讓與擔(dān)保法律效力問題。本文包括三部分:第一部分是引言和提出問題部分。先說明本文的研究背景、研究方法和論文結(jié)構(gòu),以及認(rèn)定讓與擔(dān)保有效性的價(jià)值:工具價(jià)值、經(jīng)濟(jì)價(jià)值和獨(dú)立價(jià)值。其次,論述界定讓與擔(dān)保概念與法律特征,然后探討本問論述的讓與擔(dān)保效力的概念和特征,提出自己對(duì)讓與擔(dān)保概念和效力的個(gè)人見解。接著簡(jiǎn)述了我國(guó)讓與擔(dān)保效力問題的立法現(xiàn)狀和司法實(shí)踐情況,歸納在立法規(guī)制讓與擔(dān)保效力問題之實(shí)踐和理論的爭(zhēng)議觀點(diǎn),在理論上探討讓與擔(dān)保有效性爭(zhēng)議問題,以及在法律適用上存在不同的讓與擔(dān)保效力狀態(tài)問題。最后引出本文在債權(quán)說觀點(diǎn)下,要研究讓與擔(dān)保法律效力問題的四大相關(guān)問題:第一是讓與擔(dān)保的有效性和認(rèn)定原則的問題,第二是讓與擔(dān)保作為民事法律行為生效特殊要件問題,第三是讓與擔(dān)保的效力范圍和效力狀態(tài)問題,第四是讓與擔(dān)保效力存在效力瑕疵時(shí)的責(zé)任分配與承擔(dān)問題。第二部分是對(duì)讓與擔(dān)保效力相關(guān)問題進(jìn)行理論分析。本部分有四個(gè)重點(diǎn),如下:第一是論述認(rèn)定讓與擔(dān)保有效性的原則應(yīng)采取私法自治原則,闡釋私法自治與意思自治的關(guān)系,以及讓與擔(dān)保與物權(quán)法定原則、公序良俗原則、流質(zhì)契約禁止原則的關(guān)系,提出私法自治原則理應(yīng)擴(kuò)張和物權(quán)法定原則的限縮的觀點(diǎn),認(rèn)為私法自治原則作為認(rèn)定讓與擔(dān)保有效性的原則,具有適應(yīng)性和合理性。第二是從民事法律行為生效的構(gòu)成要件角度,詳細(xì)解析和歸納了讓與擔(dān)保行為生效的構(gòu)成要件的特殊之處,構(gòu)建了詳細(xì)的生效的四要件。第三是在讓與擔(dān)保行為作為債之法律關(guān)系的性質(zhì),探討了讓與擔(dān)保行為對(duì)當(dāng)事人以及第三產(chǎn)生的權(quán)利義務(wù)關(guān)系,以及在部分之處簡(jiǎn)要涉及讓與擔(dān)保與典型擔(dān)保效力競(jìng)合問題解決。第四,從傳統(tǒng)民法理論對(duì)民事法律行為效力狀態(tài)的類型化劃分角度,在債說觀點(diǎn)下,進(jìn)一步分析了讓與擔(dān)保在生效四要件條件欠缺的效力狀態(tài)與責(zé)任承擔(dān)問題。最后一部分試圖探索現(xiàn)行法下讓與擔(dān)保效力問題的解決。先結(jié)合域外對(duì)認(rèn)可法律效力理論與實(shí)踐利用情況與方法,從英美法系和大陸法系一些代表國(guó)家和地區(qū),總結(jié)兩大法系相關(guān)制度的借鑒和啟示。如:登記作為公示手段是必要的,具有對(duì)抗性;明確讓與擔(dān)保也具有從屬性;劃清流質(zhì)型讓與擔(dān)保與清算型讓與擔(dān)保區(qū)別范圍,在讓與擔(dān)保實(shí)行效力時(shí),在選擇清算方式上,拋棄流質(zhì)型讓與擔(dān)保和認(rèn)可清算型讓與擔(dān)保具有法律效力。接著結(jié)合本文探討讓與擔(dān)保效力問題的目的和我國(guó)讓與擔(dān)�，F(xiàn)狀,提出優(yōu)化讓與擔(dān)保效力認(rèn)定制度的四個(gè)建議:確定讓與擔(dān)保有效性的認(rèn)定原則與標(biāo)準(zhǔn);準(zhǔn)確認(rèn)定讓與擔(dān)保有效性的生效要件;準(zhǔn)確認(rèn)定讓與擔(dān)保的效力范圍和歸屬法域,以及細(xì)化讓與擔(dān)保存在效力瑕疵時(shí)候的責(zé)任歸屬。拙文雖然不能窮盡所有類型的讓與擔(dān)保的法律效力,主要探討了清算型讓與擔(dān)保的民事行為在我國(guó)現(xiàn)行理論和立法下,應(yīng)該符合的生效要件。讓與擔(dān)保當(dāng)事人只有在符合這些要件件時(shí),才可以達(dá)到各自設(shè)立讓與擔(dān)保的目的,否則目的會(huì)落空,以及探討在當(dāng)事人在效力瑕疵時(shí)應(yīng)承擔(dān)的法律責(zé)任。
[Abstract]:The transferring guarantee originated from the ancient Rome law, the trust system, with a long history. The transferring guarantee is constantly developing in the civil economic life and the course of evolution, is a form of guaranty type and fixed mature. Cessionary guarantee is a kind of right transfer guarantee means, with the assignment of intron the appearance and form of creditor's rights guaranteed. Because the real right theory of civil law can not solve the problem of integration issues and legislation in the publicity logic system, and some scholars believe that the mortgage system absorbs the advantages of transferring guarantee system to a great extent. Therefore, the guarantee system has not been stipulated in China's current property law. However, the way of security also has strong vitality, has expanded financing, reducing transaction costs, the debtor occupy the subject and other advantages, has great economic value, instrumental value and independent value. In economic activities, the civil subject is widely used by the way of security. In the application of the law, because of the lack of clear legal provisions of the applicable law to judge the difficulty. In theory, demonstrates the controversy over the abolition of the transferring guarantee system have never ending. At present, to guarantee scholars from transferring guarantee system construction and legislation angle. In this paper, the author attempts in the codification of civil law in the background, the legal doctrine of the real right of autonomy and ideology in game, property rights and claims two yuan structure theory, the validity of the guarantee for civil acts: in the theory of civil law, whether the guarantee behavior is reasonable assignment of validity; in the current law, from the perspective of the system of civil action, whether the guarantee behavior has the legal effect. In order to solve the problems in China's current law, how to determine the Guarantee Law Effectiveness of the problem. This paper includes three parts: the first part is the introduction and part of questions. First explain the research background, research methods and thesis structure, as well as the determination of the validity of guarantee value: tool value, economic value and independent value. Secondly, discusses the definition and characteristics of legal concept and guarantee that, then explore the concept and this feature discusses the effectiveness of transferring guarantee question, put forward their own personal opinions on the concept of transferring guarantee and effectiveness. Then introduces the status of legislation and judicial practice in our country the validity of transferring guarantee, summed up in the legislation of transferring guarantee system effectiveness of the theory and practice of the controversial point of view, to explore the effectiveness of transferring guarantee in dispute in theory, and the existence of the state of effectiveness of different transferring guarantee in legal application. Finally this leads to the creditor's right in perspective, to study the security law. The four major issues related to the problem: the first is to guarantee the validity and the cognizance principle, second is the guarantee of civil legal acts as the validity problem, third is the effectiveness of the scope and effectiveness of state guarantee, the fourth is to guarantee the effectiveness of allocation of responsibilities in the effect of the defect and the second subject. Some related issues on the validity of the guarantee of the theoretical analysis. This part has four key points as follows: the first is about the confirmation of transferring guarantee the validity of the principle should adopt the principle of autonomy of private law, explain the relationship between the autonomy of private law and the autonomy, and secured with the legal principle, the principle of public order and good morals, the principle of prohibiting the fluidity contract the relationship between the principle of private autonomy should be expanded and the legal principle of property right limit point of view, that the principle of autonomy of private law as the basis for the validity of the original mortgage Then, adaptability and rationality. The second is effective from civil legal acts constitute the elements of perspective, detailed analysis and summarizes the special elements of the effective guarantee of the assignment of constructing four effective elements in detail. The third is in the nature of debt guarantee behavior as a legal relationship, discusses the guarantee behavior to produce the third parties and the rights and obligations, and in some place briefly involved with security and solve the problem. The effectiveness of the concurrence of typical security fourth, from the type of division of the traditional civil law theory validity status of civil legal actions, in debt said view, further analysis of the transferring guarantee in the effectiveness of state responsibility and the commencement of the four elements the lack of conditions. The last part attempts to solve the validity of existing law under the transferring guarantee. The first combination of foreign recognition of legal science And use the theory and method of practice, common law and civil law from some representative countries and regions, lessons and inspiration are summarized in two law systems. Such as: registration as a publicity means is necessary, there is antagonism; clear guarantee also has from the draw type liquid attributes; and secured with the liquidation of the transferring guarantee difference the scope of implementing effect in transferring guarantee, in the choice of liquidation mode, abandon the liquid transferring guarantee and the liquidation type approved transferring guarantee has legal effect. Then this paper combined with the status quo of transferring guarantee the validity of the purpose and our guarantee, put forward four proposals to optimize the validity of transferring guarantee system: the cognizance principle and standard cessionary guarantee validity; accurate determination of effective elements of cessionary guarantee validity; accurately identify the scope of validity of the transferring guarantee and belonging to law domain, and refine the assignment The attribution of responsibility to guarantee the existence of the time. Although the effect of the defect can't solve all types of transferring guarantee legal effect, mainly discusses the liquidation of transferring guarantee in our current civil legislation and theory, should be effective with the elements. The guarantee only in accordance with these parties to pieces, to set up their own the purpose of the guarantee, otherwise the purpose will fail, and to investigate the legal responsibility in the party in the effect of the defect should bear.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：廣西師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：D923.2

【相似文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 楊潔,崔聰聰;論讓與擔(dān)保[J];廣西社會(huì)主義學(xué)院學(xué)報(bào);2003年02期

2 黃茜;論我國(guó)讓與擔(dān)保制度的創(chuàng)設(shè)[J];安徽工業(yè)大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)(社會(huì)科學(xué)版);2004年05期

3 于文萍,李碧春;我國(guó)設(shè)立讓與擔(dān)保制度的法律思考[J];前沿;2004年12期

4 汪淵智,陳敏;略論讓與擔(dān)保制度在我國(guó)的確立[J];山西省政法管理干部學(xué)院學(xué)報(bào);2005年02期

5 敖冬梅;我國(guó)讓與擔(dān)保法律制度的構(gòu)建[J];廣東財(cái)經(jīng)職業(yè)學(xué)院學(xué)報(bào);2005年05期

6 陳祥健;尊從個(gè)性:讓與擔(dān)保權(quán)實(shí)行中的兩大爭(zhēng)議及其選擇[J];亞太經(jīng)濟(jì);2005年02期

7 齊恩平;讓與擔(dān)保與按揭法律制度比較研究[J];法學(xué)雜志;2005年03期

8 脫劍鋒,楊衛(wèi)華;讓與擔(dān)保制度的爭(zhēng)議點(diǎn)及我國(guó)的對(duì)策[J];社科縱橫;2005年02期

9 汪水偉;唐莉;;讓與擔(dān)保的獨(dú)立價(jià)值及其表現(xiàn)[J];甘肅科技縱橫;2006年02期

10 郭侃;;對(duì)讓與擔(dān)保法律制度的初淺探[J];科協(xié)論壇(下半月);2007年06期

相關(guān)會(huì)議論文 前1條

1 范國(guó)平;;論讓與擔(dān)保制度[A];第四屆中國(guó)律師論壇百篇優(yōu)秀論文集[C];2004年

相關(guān)重要報(bào)紙文章 前8條

1 ;“按揭”與“讓與擔(dān)�！盵N];工人日?qǐng)?bào);2003年

2 陸燕;讓與擔(dān)保制度之優(yōu)劣與構(gòu)建[N];江蘇法制報(bào);2006年

3 徐婧婧;物權(quán)法中引入讓與擔(dān)保制度的必要性[N];上海證券報(bào);2006年

4 趙紅肖;讓與擔(dān)保的性質(zhì)認(rèn)定[N];江蘇法制報(bào);2013年

5 張曉嫵 中國(guó)民生銀行貿(mào)易金融部;我國(guó)信用證進(jìn)口押匯業(yè)務(wù)法律問題探究[N];人民法院報(bào);2014年

6 上海證券交易所博士后工作站博士后 趙曉鈞;兩融業(yè)務(wù)要求跨越現(xiàn)有擔(dān)保法律體系障礙[N];上海證券報(bào);2011年

7 葉鋒 上海市金山區(qū)人民法院;流抵、通謀虛偽表示抑或讓與擔(dān)保[N];人民法院報(bào);2014年

8 中國(guó)銀行北京市分行 陳亮;債券回購(gòu)中的擔(dān)保法律問題[N];證券時(shí)報(bào);2012年

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前10條

1 李同波;論讓與擔(dān)保[D];山東大學(xué);2008年

2 周明文;讓與擔(dān)保制度研究[D];西南政法大學(xué);2009年

3 姜新文;論讓與擔(dān)保制度在我國(guó)的構(gòu)建[D];內(nèi)蒙古大學(xué);2009年

4 趙晴;我國(guó)構(gòu)建讓與擔(dān)保制度若干問題研究[D];吉林大學(xué);2011年

5 唐蕓;讓與擔(dān)保法律問題研究[D];四川大學(xué);2006年

6 黃斌騰;我國(guó)讓與擔(dān)保立法探索[D];暨南大學(xué);2006年

7 危國(guó)文;讓與擔(dān)保制度研究[D];廈門大學(xué);2006年

8 路利梅;讓與擔(dān)保相關(guān)法律問題之探討[D];華東政法學(xué)院;2006年

9 遲鐵;論我國(guó)讓與擔(dān)保制度的設(shè)立與完善[D];延邊大學(xué);2007年

10 鄧昭輝;讓與擔(dān)保制度的理論分析及其在我國(guó)的創(chuàng)設(shè)[D];西南政法大學(xué);2011年

，

本文編號(hào)：1589116