本文關(guān)鍵詞： 開(kāi)放政府?dāng)?shù)據(jù) 個(gè)人隱私保護(hù) 隱私權(quán)　出處：《南京大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類(lèi)型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：新一輪信息科技革命與人類(lèi)社會(huì)活動(dòng)的相互交融,引發(fā)了海量數(shù)據(jù)的收集、分析和利用,大數(shù)據(jù)的概念應(yīng)運(yùn)而生。隨著大數(shù)據(jù)時(shí)代的來(lái)臨,國(guó)內(nèi)外政府的信息化水平不斷提升,政府機(jī)構(gòu)在履行行政管理與公共服務(wù)的職能中已收集、儲(chǔ)存了以指數(shù)級(jí)別增長(zhǎng)的公民數(shù)據(jù)信息,成為社會(huì)數(shù)據(jù)的主要保有者。如何使得政府?dāng)?shù)據(jù)這一"皇冠上的明珠"更加光彩奪目,成為國(guó)內(nèi)外公共與私人領(lǐng)域的熱點(diǎn)研究問(wèn)題。美國(guó)、英國(guó)、澳大利亞等政府緊隨時(shí)代潮流,紛紛加大對(duì)政府保有數(shù)據(jù)的開(kāi)放程度,以期從豐富的政府信息資源中挖掘潛在的經(jīng)濟(jì)及社會(huì)價(jià)值,釋放創(chuàng)新活力,提升國(guó)家綜合競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力。我國(guó)也開(kāi)展了政府?dāng)?shù)據(jù)開(kāi)放工作,從2012年開(kāi)始,上海、北京等地方政府也先后建立起14個(gè)市級(jí)以上政府?dāng)?shù)據(jù)開(kāi)放網(wǎng)站。2015年9月5日,國(guó)務(wù)院發(fā)布了《關(guān)于印發(fā)促進(jìn)大數(shù)據(jù)發(fā)展行動(dòng)綱要》(國(guó)發(fā)[2015)50號(hào)),提出以"建設(shè)數(shù)據(jù)強(qiáng)國(guó),釋放數(shù)據(jù)紅利、制度紅利和創(chuàng)新紅利"為宗旨,在2020年年底前,構(gòu)建全國(guó)統(tǒng)一的政府?dāng)?shù)據(jù)開(kāi)放平臺(tái),在保障民生的重要領(lǐng)域?qū)崿F(xiàn)公共數(shù)據(jù)資源向全社會(huì)開(kāi)放。開(kāi)放政府?dāng)?shù)據(jù)一方面可以保障公民的知情權(quán),提高政府工作效率,促進(jìn)依法治國(guó),建設(shè)透明、公開(kāi)、陽(yáng)光的政府。但另一方面,也為政府機(jī)關(guān)不當(dāng)公開(kāi)公民信息,侵犯公民隱私權(quán),商業(yè)機(jī)構(gòu)利用開(kāi)放的個(gè)人數(shù)據(jù),攫取非法利益埋下了伏筆。個(gè)人數(shù)據(jù)與個(gè)體的隱私有著千絲萬(wàn)縷的聯(lián)系,個(gè)人數(shù)據(jù)既承載著個(gè)人人格利益與人格尊嚴(yán),也蘊(yùn)含著巨大的商業(yè)與公共管理等價(jià)值,尤其在政府開(kāi)放數(shù)據(jù)后,保護(hù)公共數(shù)據(jù)安全,維護(hù)個(gè)人隱私則顯得尤為必要。如何解決政府開(kāi)放數(shù)據(jù)中公民知情權(quán)與個(gè)人隱私權(quán)之間的沖突,保障公民數(shù)據(jù)信息安全,成為當(dāng)下政府需要亟待解決的重大的問(wèn)題。本文共分六章,第一章梳理了司法判例中行政機(jī)關(guān)在信息公開(kāi)申請(qǐng)中侵犯公民知情權(quán)與隱私權(quán)的7起典型案件,分析了開(kāi)放政府?dāng)?shù)據(jù)下個(gè)人隱私保護(hù)中存在的問(wèn)題。第二章對(duì)比分析了開(kāi)放政府?dāng)?shù)據(jù)與政府信息公開(kāi)的區(qū)別,詳細(xì)介紹了國(guó)內(nèi)外開(kāi)放數(shù)據(jù)的現(xiàn)狀。第三章闡述了開(kāi)放政府?dāng)?shù)據(jù)對(duì)個(gè)人隱私產(chǎn)生的影響,具體分析了大數(shù)據(jù)時(shí)代下隱私權(quán)保護(hù)的新形式。第四章整理了現(xiàn)階段我國(guó)關(guān)于隱私權(quán)保護(hù)的法律法規(guī),指出我國(guó)關(guān)于隱私權(quán)保護(hù)中存在的局限性。第五章介紹美國(guó)、歐盟等國(guó)家及國(guó)際組織在政府?dāng)?shù)據(jù)開(kāi)放中保護(hù)個(gè)人隱私的立法及實(shí)踐經(jīng)驗(yàn),總結(jié)其對(duì)我國(guó)個(gè)人隱私保護(hù)的有益啟示。第六章針對(duì)我國(guó)關(guān)于個(gè)人隱私權(quán)保護(hù)中存在的問(wèn)題,提出了我國(guó)在政府開(kāi)放數(shù)據(jù)時(shí)對(duì)保護(hù)個(gè)人隱私應(yīng)采取法律措施的建議和意見(jiàn),最后對(duì)文章所闡釋的主題進(jìn)行總結(jié)。
[Abstract]:Blend a new round of information technology revolution and the activities of human society, caused a massive data collection, analysis and use of the concept of big data emerged. With the advent of big data era, the informatization level of domestic and foreign government continues to improve, government agencies have been collected in the performance of administrative management and public service functions, storage the citizen data with the exponential growth of information level, become the main social data. How to maintain the government data of the "crown jewel" has become more The brightness dazzles the eyes. public and private, domestic and international hot spot in the field of research. The United States, Britain, Australia and other government followed the trend of the times, have to increase the openness of government to maintain data and in order to excavate the potential economic and social value from the government information resources, the release of creative energy, enhance the comprehensive national strength competition. China has also carried out Open government data, from the beginning of 2012, Shanghai, Beijing and other local governments have established more than 14 municipal government data open website.2015 in September 5th, the State Council issued "on the issuance of the outline of the development of big data Act > (of the [2015) No. 50), proposed the" construction of data power, data release bonus the system of dividend and bonus innovation "for the purpose, before the end of 2020, the construction of the government data open platform of national unity, in important areas to protect the livelihood of the public data resources open to the whole society. Open government data on one hand can protect the citizen's right to know, to improve government efficiency, promote the rule of law, building a transparent, open. The government in the sunshine. But on the other hand, also for the government improper public citizen information, infringement of citizens' privacy, commercial use of personal data open, seize the illegal benefit foreshadowed. 涓漢鏁版嵁涓庝釜浣撶殑闅愮鏈夌潃鍗冧笣涓囩紩鐨勮仈緋，

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