合同解除之損害賠償研究
發(fā)布時間：2018-01-18 01:06
本文關(guān)鍵詞：合同解除之損害賠償研究 出處：《北京外國語大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文 論文類型：學(xué)位論文
更多相關(guān)文章： 合同解除 損害賠償 信賴?yán)?/b> 可得利益 溯及力
【摘要】：合同解除制度是民事領(lǐng)域一項很重要的制度,合同解除的法律效果在理論研究和司法實踐中,一直存在爭議,各國立法和實務(wù)操作不盡相同,甚至在一國內(nèi)部學(xué)者們也各執(zhí)一端。我國法律只規(guī)定,在解除合同之后,還沒有履行的義務(wù)無需繼續(xù)履行,不過針對履行完畢的合同義務(wù)效力如何并沒有規(guī)定,雖然明確了合同解除的同時,可以請求損害賠償,但是解除了之后,損害賠償性質(zhì)究竟怎么樣、賠償?shù)木唧w范圍如何,合同解除之損害賠償請求與是否具有溯及力的問題,還有損害賠償和恢復(fù)原狀的關(guān)系或界限如何,都沒有規(guī)定,而且學(xué)術(shù)界也觀點不一,如此狀態(tài)給司法操作帶來很大的困難。理論上,合同解除效果的學(xué)說有很多,到底采取哪一種學(xué)說,還是要慎重的,與其在立法上苦思冥想采什么學(xué)說,還不如把選擇的權(quán)利交給合同解除的當(dāng)事人,他們對合同的利益和風(fēng)險最有發(fā)言權(quán),法律僅需要對合同當(dāng)事人之選擇權(quán)進(jìn)行適當(dāng)限制,以充分尊重他們的自由意志,能夠更有利于合同解除之損害賠償展現(xiàn)其很好的功能。本文總共分為五部分:第一部分是前言;第二部分探討了合同解除和損害賠償?shù)牟⒋媾c否,還有損害賠償?shù)男再|(zhì)和損害賠償若成立需要滿足哪些條件;第三部分主要從有無溯及力和不同的解除原因視角,重構(gòu)合同解除的損害賠償?shù)姆秶?第四部分論述了因違約行為而解除合同之后,損害賠償與違約金二者之間可否并存的問題;第五部分是本文的研究結(jié)論。第一部分是前言,引出主題,并簡要介紹了選題的理論和實踐意義。第二部分論證了合同解除之后,合同解除與損害賠償二者是能夠并存的,造成的損害賠償?shù)男再|(zhì),需要根據(jù)解除原因的差異進(jìn)行類型化研究;合同解除之后的損害賠償請求權(quán),需要滿足四個構(gòu)成要件才能成立,即解除的事由、損害、因果關(guān)系、無免責(zé)事由。第三部分是我這一篇論文所重點論述的部分節(jié),著重研究了在合同解除之后,造成的損害賠償?shù)木唧w范圍。這一部分明確了恢復(fù)原狀和損害賠償范圍二者之界限;從解除有無溯及力和解除原因這兩個視角,重構(gòu)了損害賠償?shù)木唧w范圍,詳細(xì)分析了溯及力問題將會對損害賠償?shù)姆秶a(chǎn)生怎樣的影響,以及相異的解除原因視角下,損害賠償范圍怎樣進(jìn)行明確等相關(guān)問題。第四部分研究因違約而解除合同之損害賠償與違約金的關(guān)系,我國法律沒有規(guī)定,而司法解釋上和司法實踐中的態(tài)度并不一致,論文認(rèn)為,針對此議題,需要區(qū)分主張合同解除是否有溯及力等其他情形來分別確定。第五部分是本文的研究結(jié)論。
[Abstract]:Contract rescission system is a very important system in the civil field. The legal effect of contract rescission has been controversial in the theoretical research and judicial practice. The legislation and practice of different countries are different. Even in a country scholars also hold one end. The law of our country only stipulates that after the termination of the contract there is no need to continue to perform the obligations that have not been performed but there is no provision on the effectiveness of the contractual obligations after the completion of performance. Although it is clear that the contract can be terminated at the same time, can request damages, but after the lifting, what is the nature of the damage compensation and the specific scope of compensation. There is no provision on the relationship or boundary between the claim for damages and whether it has retroactive effect, and the relationship or boundary between compensation for damages and restitution, and there are different views in academic circles. In theory, there are many theories about the effect of the termination of contract, which theory should be taken carefully, and what theory should be carefully studied in legislation. It is better to give the right of choice to the parties who have the best say in the interests and risks of the contract, and the law only needs to restrict the right of the parties to the contract. In order to fully respect their free will, can be more conducive to the termination of the contract damages to show its good function. This paper is divided into five parts: the first part is the preface; The second part discusses the coexistence of contract termination and damage compensation, as well as the nature of damage compensation and what conditions should be satisfied if the damage compensation is established; The third part reconstructs the scope of damages from the perspective of retroactive effect and different reasons. Part 4th discusses whether damages and liquidated damages can coexist after the termination of the contract because of breach of contract. Part 5th is the conclusion of this paper. The first part is the preface, leading to the theme, and briefly introduces the theoretical and practical significance of the topic. The second part demonstrates the termination of the contract. The contract rescission and the damage compensation can coexist, and the nature of the damage compensation should be classified according to the difference of the reason of the cancellation. After the termination of the contract, the right of claim for damages needs to meet four elements, namely, the cause of dissolution, damage, causality. There is no reason for exemption. The third part is the part of my thesis which focuses on the study after the termination of the contract. The specific scope of compensation for damages caused. This part clarifies the boundary between restitution and the scope of compensation for damage; This paper reconstructs the specific scope of compensation for damages from the perspective of retroactive effect of relief and causes of release, and analyzes in detail how the retroactive effect will affect the scope of compensation for damages. As well as the perspective of different release reasons, how to clear the scope of damage compensation. Part 4th studies the relationship between damages and liquidated damages due to breach of contract, which is not stipulated in Chinese law. But the judicial interpretation and the judicial practice in the attitude is not consistent, the paper thinks, in view of this topic. It is necessary to distinguish whether there is retroactive effect of contract termination or not. Part 5th is the conclusion of this paper.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京外國語大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：D923.6
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