發(fā)布時間：2018-06-14 14:11

  本文選題：休息權(quán) + 工作時間制度��； 參考：《安徽大學(xué)》2011年碩士論文

【摘要】：休息權(quán),是一種休息的權(quán)利,它是勞動者繼續(xù)勞動和享有其他權(quán)利的重要條件,具有生存權(quán)和發(fā)展權(quán)的雙重屬性。學(xué)界對于休息權(quán)的理解在本質(zhì)上是一致的：它是勞動者享有的一項法定權(quán)利,主體通常是勞動者；針對勞動者在職業(yè)活動中的腦力和體力消耗,與勞動過程緊密結(jié)合,但又不以此為根據(jù),而是較為寬泛的勞動過程；作為一項法定權(quán)利,其基本目的是保障勞動者享有恢復(fù)體力和腦力的時間。休息權(quán)主要包括兩方面的內(nèi)容：對工作時間的限制和對休息時間的保障,勞動者是這項權(quán)利的享有者,用人單位是保障勞動者休息權(quán)實(shí)現(xiàn)的義務(wù)人。 休息權(quán),誕生于資本主義時期,在工人運(yùn)動的推動下從無到有,是在具備了思想、經(jīng)濟(jì)、社會等多方面因素的基礎(chǔ)上,伴隨著工作時間立法和休息時間的立法而最終確立,其保障水平也隨著社會、經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展和法制的健全日益提高。 休息權(quán)的價值包括內(nèi)在價值和工具性價值,其內(nèi)在價值表現(xiàn)為：它體現(xiàn)了人的基本生存需要,是實(shí)現(xiàn)個人人身自由的需要,勞動者可以追求個人發(fā)展,實(shí)現(xiàn)人生目的。休息權(quán)的工具性價值,是指它可以創(chuàng)造經(jīng)濟(jì)效益、社會效益,實(shí)現(xiàn)人類追求的自由、社會正義、秩序、平等、公平等價值�，F(xiàn)階段,國際條約和各國立法通過對工作時間制度的規(guī)定和休息休假制度的規(guī)定,不斷加強(qiáng)對勞動者休息權(quán)的保護(hù)。 我國通過對標(biāo)準(zhǔn)工作時間、縮短工作時間、綜合計算工作時間、不定時工作時間、延長工作時間的詳細(xì)規(guī)定,形成了較為完整的工作時間制度體系,同時通過周休日、法定節(jié)假日、年休假、探親假、婚喪假、產(chǎn)假等假期的規(guī)定,與工作時間的限制緊密銜接,兩種制度的相互配合為勞動者休息權(quán)的實(shí)現(xiàn)提供了有效的保障。 現(xiàn)階段,在我國超法定標(biāo)準(zhǔn)加班情況嚴(yán)重,勞動者休息權(quán)實(shí)現(xiàn)相當(dāng)不平衡,超負(fù)荷勞動嚴(yán)重?fù)p害勞動者身體健康的同時,也影響了社會的發(fā)展和穩(wěn)定。造成這種狀況的原因是多方面的,有社會經(jīng)濟(jì)的影響,勞動關(guān)系主體雙方自身的原因,工會方面的原因,還有文化和國家、政府方面的原因。此外,我國休息權(quán)的法律保障制度仍然存在諸多問題：第一,法律法規(guī)不完善：工作時間制度、休息休假制度均有待完善,法律缺少對侵犯休息權(quán)責(zé)任的規(guī)定。第二,監(jiān)督不力,勞動監(jiān)察部門、工會的應(yīng)有作用沒有發(fā)揮。第三,爭議解決機(jī)制不靈。第四,法制宣傳不足。 休息權(quán)保障的完善應(yīng)從以下方面進(jìn)行：第一,工作時間制度的立法完善,包括：明確界定工作時間的時間范圍,完善標(biāo)準(zhǔn)工作時間制度、延長工作時間制度、不定時工時制和綜合計算工時制,將“過勞死”納入法律進(jìn)行規(guī)制。第二,休息休假制度的立法完善,包括：勞動者自愿放棄休假問題,年休假的安排問題,勞動者對年休假的安排問題等。第三,休息權(quán)救濟(jì)制度的立法完善,包括：救濟(jì)機(jī)構(gòu)的設(shè)置,爭議處理中舉證責(zé)任問題,休息權(quán)的法律責(zé)任設(shè)置。
[Abstract]:The right to rest is a right to rest. It is an important condition for the workers to continue to work and enjoy other rights. It has the dual attributes of the right to existence and the right to development. The understanding of the right to rest is in essence the same: it is a legal right enjoyed by the labourers, the owners are usually labourers, and the workers are in professional activities. Mental and physical consumption in the process of working closely with the labor process, but not based on it, but rather a broader process of labor; as a legal right, its basic purpose is to guarantee the time for the workers to recover their physical and mental abilities. The right to rest consists mainly of two aspects: the limit of working time and the time for rest. Workers are the recipients of this right, and employers are the obligors who guarantee the workers' right to rest.
The right to rest, born in the period of capitalism, was driven from nothing to the workers' movement. It was established on the basis of many factors such as thought, economy and society. It was finally established with the legislation of working time and the time of rest. The level of its guarantee was also improved with the development of the society, the economic development and the legal system.
The value of the right to rest includes the intrinsic value and the instrumental value. Its intrinsic value is as follows: it embodies the basic needs of human existence, the need to realize personal freedom, and the worker can pursue personal development and achieve the purpose of life. The instrumental value of the right to rest is that it can create economic, social and human pursuit. The value of freedom, social justice, order, equality, equality, and so on. At the present stage, international treaties and national legislation constantly strengthen the protection of workers' right to rest through the provisions of the working time system and the regulations of the rest and vacation system.
Our country has formed a more complete working time system through the standard working time, short working time, irregular work time, irregular working time and lengthening working time, and the regulations on holidays such as week rest day, legal holiday, annual vacation, visit leave, marriage and funeral leave, maternity leave and so on, and the limit of working time. The close coordination between the two systems provides effective guarantee for the realization of workers' right to rest.
At the present stage, the overtime situation in our country is very serious, the workers' rest right is quite unbalanced. While the overload is seriously damaging the health of the workers, it also affects the development and stability of the society. The cause of this situation is many aspects, the influence of the social economy, the reasons for the two sides of the labor relations, and the work of the workers. In addition, there are also cultural, national and government reasons. In addition, there are still many problems in the legal guarantee system of the right to rest in our country: first, the laws and regulations are not perfect: the working time system, the rest and vacation system need to be perfected, the law is short of the provisions on the liability for the infringement of the rest right. Second, the supervision is poor, the labor supervision department is inadequate. The trade unions should not play their proper role. Third, the dispute settlement mechanism is not effective. Fourth, the legal publicity is inadequate.
The improvement of the protection of the right to rest should be carried out from the following aspects: first, the legislative perfection of the working time system, including: defining the time range of the working time, perfecting the standard working time system, extending the working time system, the timed work time system and the comprehensive calculation of the working time system, and bringing "overwork to death" into the law. Second, rest rest The legislative perfection of the false system includes: workers voluntarily give up the problem of vacation, the arrangement of annual vacations, the arrangement of the annual vacation, and so on. Third, the legislative perfection of the remedies for the right to rest includes the setting of relief agencies, the issue of burden of proof in the dispute handling, and the setting of legal responsibility for the right to rest.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：安徽大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號】：D922.5

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前2條

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本文編號：2017662