本文選題：勞動關(guān)系 + 勞動者　； 參考：《華中科技大學(xué)》2016年碩士論文

【摘要】：《勞動合同法》的頒布實施是對《勞動法》的補充和完善,其立法宗旨都是對勞動者權(quán)益的傾斜保護。在勞動關(guān)系中,因勞動者的故意或重大過錯而不能按照其應(yīng)有職責(zé)履行義務(wù)對用人單位造成財產(chǎn)損害時,其需要對此承擔(dān)賠償責(zé)任。在國內(nèi)的理論研究上,王澤鑒先生和史尚寬先生都認(rèn)為勞動者需要對其造成的損害承擔(dān)賠償責(zé)任。同時史尚寬先生還認(rèn)為由于勞動關(guān)系的勞動者身份地位的不一般性,有必要對其賠償責(zé)任進行限制。在日本和英國的理論學(xué)界,我妻榮、潮見佳男以及Gray等認(rèn)為需要對用人單位的求償權(quán)進行限制。然而,在國內(nèi)的司法實務(wù)中,對賠償?shù)囊罁?jù)、賠償范圍及數(shù)額和賠償方式卻并沒有明確和合理的規(guī)定。當(dāng)在涉及到侵權(quán)損害賠償?shù)臅r候,如果只是引用其他的非勞動法律規(guī)定,反而會使得勞動關(guān)系的處理更加不合理,也違背了勞動法獨立立法的初衷。法律允許用人單位與勞動者可以就服務(wù)期、競業(yè)限制簽訂相關(guān)協(xié)議,規(guī)定彼此的責(zé)任和義務(wù)。但是由于法律上對協(xié)議中可能涉及到的賠償責(zé)任等條款缺乏規(guī)定,當(dāng)出現(xiàn)勞動合同糾紛的時候,會出現(xiàn)用人單位憑借所簽訂的實質(zhì)上不平等的協(xié)議對勞動者提出不盡合理合法的賠償請求,對此如何適用有待司法考量。本文主要是從通過網(wǎng)絡(luò)收集近十年來法院損害賠償?shù)陌咐胧?首先從勞動者承擔(dān)侵權(quán)損害賠償責(zé)任和違約損害賠償責(zé)任兩方面進行案例類型化分析。其次結(jié)合勞動者承擔(dān)損害賠償責(zé)任的現(xiàn)有的立法規(guī)定和賠償理論,在個案的基礎(chǔ)上進一步分析勞動者承擔(dān)賠償責(zé)任時所面臨的賠償依據(jù)、賠償數(shù)額及賠償方式三方面的的現(xiàn)狀和問題。最后是針對損害賠償依據(jù)、賠償數(shù)額、賠償方式提出自己的建議和觀點,如完善用人單位規(guī)章制度的規(guī)定、合理選擇審判的法理依據(jù),在勞動法規(guī)則適用的基礎(chǔ)上同時要考慮對立法原則的引用,嚴(yán)格限制用人單位對勞動者的追償權(quán)和堅持勞動者承擔(dān)賠償責(zé)任時解除勞動合同或者經(jīng)濟賠償?shù)倪x擇性適用,借鑒民法上對賠償之規(guī)定,允許勞動者對用人單位進行分期支付賠償金額,而不是要求一次性給付。希望能在已有的法律法規(guī)和理論基礎(chǔ)上能更全面和合理的實現(xiàn)勞動者對用人單位的損害賠償責(zé)任。
[Abstract]:The promulgation and implementation of the Labor contract Law is the supplement and perfection of the Labor Law, and its legislative purpose is to protect the rights and interests of the laborer. In the labor relations, if the laborer is unable to perform the obligation according to his duty to cause property damage to the employer because of the worker's intentional or serious fault, he should bear the compensation responsibility for it. In domestic theoretical research, both Mr. Wang Zejian and Mr. Shi Shangkuan thought that workers should bear liability for damages caused by them. At the same time, Mr. Shi Shangkuan thinks that it is necessary to limit his liability because of the non-general status of laborer in labor relations. In theoretical circles in Japan and Britain, my wife Rong, Chia-nan and Gray think it is necessary to restrict employers' claims. However, in domestic judicial practice, there are no clear and reasonable provisions on the basis, scope and amount of compensation. When it comes to tort compensation, if only other non-labor laws are cited, it will make the handling of labor relations more unreasonable, and it also violates the original intention of independent legislation of labor law. The law allows employers and workers to sign agreements on service periods, competition restrictions, and mutual responsibilities and obligations. However, due to the lack of legal provisions on liability and other provisions that may be involved in the agreement, when there is a labor contract dispute, The employer will make unreasonable and legal claims on the laborer by virtue of the unequal agreement signed by the employer. How to apply this should be considered by judicature. This paper starts with the collection of cases of court damages in the past ten years through the network. Firstly, it analyzes the types of cases from two aspects: the liability for tort damages and the liability for damages for breach of contract. Secondly, combined with the existing legislation and compensation theory, the author further analyzes the compensation basis faced by the laborer when he bears the compensation liability. The present situation and problems of compensation amount and compensation method. Finally, according to the basis of compensation for damages, the amount of compensation, the way of compensation, put forward their own suggestions and viewpoints, such as perfecting the rules and regulations of the employing unit, rationally selecting the legal basis of the trial, On the basis of the application of the labor law rules, we should also consider the application of the legislative principles, and strictly restrict the selective application of the labor contract or economic compensation when the employer strictly restricts the right of recourse to the laborer and insists that the laborer bear the liability for compensation. Using the civil law for reference, the laborer is allowed to pay the compensation amount in installment instead of the one-off payment. It is hoped that on the basis of existing laws, regulations and theories, the liability of workers for damages to employers can be realized more comprehensively and reasonably.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華中科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：D922.5

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本文編號：1997499