【摘要】：《海商法》是調(diào)整海上保險(xiǎn)關(guān)系最重要的法律,它與陸上保險(xiǎn)法之間的關(guān)系是我們要關(guān)注的重點(diǎn)。在我國(guó),《保險(xiǎn)法》及其司法解釋能夠?qū)Ｉ媳ｋU(xiǎn)合同產(chǎn)生影響。這主要是因?yàn)槲覈?guó)保險(xiǎn)立法采用“一元主義”體例,相對(duì)于海上保險(xiǎn)法①而言,《保險(xiǎn)法》是適用于除農(nóng)業(yè)保險(xiǎn)以外其他一切商業(yè)保險(xiǎn)的一般法。此外,我國(guó)海上保險(xiǎn)法的相對(duì)自體性、理論基礎(chǔ)的薄弱性以及海上保險(xiǎn)法適用二十余年之后難以避免的滯后性也是《保險(xiǎn)法》能夠在海上保險(xiǎn)領(lǐng)域發(fā)揮作用的重要原因。當(dāng)前我國(guó)的社會(huì)環(huán)境有較大改變�！逗Ｉ谭ā芬巡荒芘c現(xiàn)實(shí)需要完美契合,甚至出現(xiàn)了一些力不從心。近年來,我國(guó)立法水平提高、司法實(shí)踐能力提升、法學(xué)研究進(jìn)一步深入、法治建設(shè)也取得了許多成果,修改《海商法》的呼聲愈發(fā)強(qiáng)烈。其中,海上保險(xiǎn)合同訂立、海上保險(xiǎn)合同解除以及海上保險(xiǎn)人的代位求償權(quán)等問題都是修改《海商法》的重點(diǎn)和難點(diǎn)。比較而言,《保險(xiǎn)法》的相關(guān)規(guī)定能夠不斷吸收學(xué)界的研究成果,不斷適應(yīng)社會(huì)發(fā)展的需要,對(duì)《海商法》修改具有重要的指導(dǎo)和借鑒作用。然而,國(guó)家立法委出于有限立法資源優(yōu)位使用的考慮,《海商法》修改并未提上議程。②在此情況下,適用《海商法》海上保險(xiǎn)法規(guī)遇到的困難和瓶頸只能從正確適用《保險(xiǎn)法》及其司法解釋,發(fā)揮《保險(xiǎn)法》及其司法解釋對(duì)海上保險(xiǎn)合同的影響力上尋找突破。本文共六部分。引言部分主要分析了研究《保險(xiǎn)法》及其司法解釋對(duì)海上保險(xiǎn)產(chǎn)生影響這一問題的意義以及《保險(xiǎn)法》及其司法解釋可能在哪些方面產(chǎn)生影響、如何產(chǎn)生影響。本文第一章主要論述了《保險(xiǎn)法》及其司法解釋能夠?qū)Ｉ媳ｋU(xiǎn)法產(chǎn)生影響的根本原因、內(nèi)在原因、客觀原因和直接原因；本文第二章主要探討了《保險(xiǎn)法》及其司法解釋對(duì)海上保險(xiǎn)合同訂立的影響。它主要體現(xiàn)在兩個(gè)方面,一是《保險(xiǎn)法》及其司法解釋能夠幫助擴(kuò)大海上保險(xiǎn)合同締約人范圍,即允許投保人訂立海上保險(xiǎn)合同；二是《保險(xiǎn)法》及其司法解釋能夠豐富海上保險(xiǎn)合同基本條款。本文第三章主要研究了《保險(xiǎn)法》及其司法解釋對(duì)海上保險(xiǎn)合同解除的影響。一方面,《保險(xiǎn)法》及其司法解釋能夠彌補(bǔ)《海商法》的漏洞,禁止保險(xiǎn)人行使合同任意解除權(quán)；另一方面,《保險(xiǎn)法》及其司法解釋可以延長(zhǎng)海上被保險(xiǎn)人任意解除權(quán)的行使期限。本文第四章主要分析了《保險(xiǎn)法》及其司法解釋對(duì)海上保險(xiǎn)人代位求償權(quán)的行使限度、行使對(duì)象、獲賠前后放棄對(duì)第三人權(quán)利產(chǎn)生的不同后果以及訴訟時(shí)效起算時(shí)間等方面的影響。結(jié)語(yǔ)部分主要總結(jié)了《海商法》實(shí)施以來的成就以及當(dāng)前存在的問題,《保險(xiǎn)法》及其司法解釋對(duì)海上保險(xiǎn)的影響,并對(duì)《海商法》的修改工作做出展望。
[Abstract]:The Maritime Law is the most important law to adjust the marine insurance relationship, and the relationship between it and the land insurance law is the focus that we should pay attention to. In our country, Insurance Law and its judicial interpretation can influence marine insurance contract. This is mainly because the insurance legislation of our country adopts the "monism" method. Compared with the marine insurance law, the Insurance Law is a general law applicable to all commercial insurance except agricultural insurance. In addition, the relative autologous nature of the marine insurance law in China, the weakness of the theoretical basis and the inevitable lag after the application of the marine insurance law for more than 20 years are also the important reasons why the Insurance Law can play an important role in the field of marine insurance. At present, the social environment of our country has changed greatly. In recent years, the legislative level of our country has been improved, the judicial practice ability has been improved, the research of the law of law has been further deepened, and many achievements have been made in the construction of the rule of law, and the voice of revising the Maritime Law has become stronger and stronger. Among them, the conclusion of marine insurance contract, the termination of marine insurance contract and the subrogation right of marine insurer are all the key points and difficulties in amending Maritime Law. In comparison, the relevant provisions of the Insurance Law can continuously absorb the academic research results and constantly adapt to the needs of social development, and play an important role in guiding and referencing the revision of the Maritime Law. However, the amendments to the Maritime Code were not on the agenda of the National Legislative Council in view of the priority given to the use of limited legislative resources. 2 in this case, The difficulties and bottlenecks encountered in the application of maritime insurance laws and regulations can only find a breakthrough from the correct application of the Insurance Law and its judicial interpretation, and the exertion of the influence of the Insurance Law and its judicial interpretation on marine insurance contracts. There are six parts in this paper. The introduction mainly analyzes the significance of the study on the impact of the Insurance Law and its judicial interpretation on marine insurance, the possible impact of the Insurance Law and its judicial interpretation on marine insurance, and how to influence it. The first chapter mainly discusses the fundamental reasons, internal reasons, objective reasons and direct causes that the insurance law and its judicial interpretation can influence the marine insurance law. The second chapter mainly discusses the influence of Insurance Law and its judicial interpretation on the conclusion of marine insurance contract. It is mainly embodied in two aspects: first, the Insurance Law and its judicial interpretation can help to expand the scope of the contracting parties of marine insurance contracts, that is, to allow policy holders to conclude marine insurance contracts; Second, the Insurance Law and its judicial interpretation can enrich the basic terms of marine insurance contract. The third chapter mainly studies the influence of Insurance Law and its judicial interpretation on the termination of marine insurance contract. On the one hand, the Insurance Law and its judicial interpretation can make up the loophole of the Maritime Law and prohibit the insurer from exercising the right to rescind the contract arbitrarily. On the other hand, the Insurance Law and its judicial interpretation can prolong the period of exercise of the right of arbitrary discharge of the insured at sea. The fourth chapter mainly analyzes the limit and object of the law of insurance and its judicial interpretation on the exercise of subrogation right of marine insurer. The different consequences of waiving the right of the third party before and after the indemnity and the time of limitation. The conclusion part mainly summarizes the achievements since the implementation of the Maritime Law and the existing problems, the impact of the Insurance Law and its judicial interpretation on marine insurance, and the prospects for the revision of the Maritime Code.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：D922.284

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相關(guān)期刊論文 前4條

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本文編號(hào)：2362278