股東分紅權(quán)保護(hù)研究
[Abstract]:As a kind of self-beneficial property right, the realization of shareholder's right of dividend distribution depends not only on whether the company has surplus profit, but also on the expression of company's intention. The meaning of dividend distribution of a company belongs to the category of corporate autonomy, and shareholders should respect the business judgment of directors or executives of the company. However, it can not be ignored that the controlling shareholders of the company can empty the company's profits through the transmission of benefits, and can also improperly reach the resolution of no dividends or less dividends by using their control power. Although shareholders who have suffered from the infringement of shareholders' dividend rights can respond to this improper behavior by transferring shares, the loss of investors' property interests is often irreparable. This will undoubtedly affect the confidence of investors, and then affect the healthy development of the capital market. So it is very important to study the protection system of shareholders'dividend right systematically. Shareholder's right of dividend is the investor's right to ask the company to pay surplus profit to himself on the basis of shareholder's qualification. It can be divided into abstract shareholder dividend right and specific shareholder dividend right. The specific shareholder's right to dividend is essentially a kind of creditor's right, and its protection is dealt with according to the creditor's rights law, and there is no dispute. However, for the abstract shareholder's dividend right, it is different from the specific shareholder's dividend right in nature and exercise conditions. By clarifying the basic theory of shareholder dividend right, we can lay a solid foundation for further research. In addition, the basis for the protection of shareholders' right to dividends is the need of "corrective justice" in dividend distribution, the reflection of unfair treatment relief theory, the requirement of fiduciary obligation, and the pressure of capital market. Through the present situation of dividend distribution in our country, we can clearly see the obstacle that shareholders' dividend right is difficult to realize. The factors hindering the realization of shareholders' dividend right in our country are not only the imperfect internal supervision mechanism of the company, but also the improper problem of the government outside the company. The board of supervisors often acts as a "rubber stamp" within the company, with independent directors struggling to be independent; the government's tax policies outside the company are unreasonable and the SFC's regulatory measures need to be further reviewed. In view of the internal realization mechanism of shareholders' right to share out dividends, it is suggested to advocate shareholder activism, to coordinate the relationship between supervisors and independent directors, to stimulate the supervisory function of the board of supervisors, and to improve the system of selection, compensation and responsibility pursuit of independent directors. As for the external realization mechanism of shareholders' dividend right, that is, government supervision, it should be said that it is necessary for the government to intervene in the dividend distribution of listed companies, but from the practice of government intervention in dividend distribution of companies in the past, Government regulation needs to be further improved: governments should be careful not to blur the border between corporate autonomy and government regulation. In addition to the internal supervision mechanism and external government supervision, the judicial remedy of shareholders' right to share out dividends is another important measure to protect shareholders' right to share out dividends. As the last protection means of shareholder's dividend right, its importance is self-evident. However, the right of judicial relief shareholder dividend, whether in judicial practice or in theory, there is a huge controversy. Judicial remedies should respect corporate autonomy and the business judgment of directors or executives. However, for malicious or improper dividend distribution behavior, foreign judicial practice enlightens us: judicial remedy should not be denied, but should be a measure to solve this problem.
【學(xué)位授予單位】:吉林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】:博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】:2015
【分類號(hào)】:D922.291.91
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