本文選題：信用評級 + 監(jiān)管　； 參考：《湖南大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：信用評級機構(gòu)本應(yīng)是金融市場的“看門人”,但無論是之前的次貸危機、歐債危機還是近期我國“11超日債”違約事件都暴露出信用評級存在太多的問題,嚴(yán)重偏離其本身的價值和目的。歐債危機的爆發(fā)及其產(chǎn)生的嚴(yán)重影響表明信用危機能夠波及到一個國家的經(jīng)濟和政治,進而影響到這個國家的穩(wěn)定。信用危機是金融危機的本質(zhì),信用危機爆發(fā)的原因既有信用評級機構(gòu)內(nèi)在的“利益沖突”,也有外在的監(jiān)管缺失、法律問責(zé)缺失,因此,有效、完善的監(jiān)管法律制度是必不可少的。各國學(xué)者將信用評級監(jiān)管研究納入重要課題,各國監(jiān)管當(dāng)局和國際監(jiān)管組織陸續(xù)制定并實施相應(yīng)政策法規(guī)對信用評級進行規(guī)制,加強監(jiān)管,防范風(fēng)險,確保金融安全。它們采取的監(jiān)管措施都是立足于本國或本地區(qū)不同的背景,不同的改革理念和動因會產(chǎn)生不同的監(jiān)管制度,但后危機時代的國際大背景也使各國、各地區(qū)的信用評級監(jiān)管立法改革的理念有所趨同。各國、各地區(qū)在完善本國、本地區(qū)信用評級體系的同時,也在積極參與國際信用評級體系的構(gòu)建,都在爭奪信用評級話語權(quán)中摩拳擦掌。在分析我國信用評級發(fā)展歷程及其監(jiān)管立法演進的基礎(chǔ)上,域外代表性國家和國際組織的先進制度固然值得我們學(xué)習(xí)和借鑒,如細(xì)化信息披露,強化評級機構(gòu)的法律責(zé)任、成立統(tǒng)一的監(jiān)管主體等,但一味照搬國外經(jīng)驗會適得其反。我國信用評級及其監(jiān)管都處在不太成熟的階段,無法直接適用成熟國家的法律制度,這就需要立足本國特色,量體裁衣。如何在培養(yǎng)評級市場的同時,建立有效的監(jiān)管體系,并積極參與國際信用評級新體系的構(gòu)建,我國信用評級監(jiān)管法律制度建設(shè)任重道遠(yuǎn),要從評級監(jiān)管體制、評級機構(gòu)的準(zhǔn)入和退出機制、法律責(zé)任制度等方面多管齊下。此外,金融市場日新月異,在一些信用評級空白或尚不夠成熟的新領(lǐng)域,比如互聯(lián)網(wǎng)金融方面、主權(quán)評級及金融衍生產(chǎn)品方面,我們可以先發(fā)制人,大有作為,爭取在國際信用評級市場上獲得話語權(quán)。
[Abstract]:Credit rating agencies are supposed to be the gatekeepers of the financial market, but both the previous subprime crisis, the European debt crisis and the recent default of China's "11 super Japanese bonds" have exposed too many problems in credit rating. A serious deviation from its own value and purpose. The outbreak of the European debt crisis and its serious impact show that the credit crisis can affect the economy and politics of a country, and then affect the stability of the country. The credit crisis is the essence of the financial crisis. The causes of the credit crisis are not only the inherent "conflict of interest" of the credit rating agency, but also the lack of external supervision and legal accountability. A sound regulatory legal system is essential. Scholars from all over the world have brought the research of credit rating supervision into an important subject. The national regulatory authorities and international regulatory organizations have formulated and implemented corresponding policies and regulations to regulate credit rating, strengthen supervision, guard against risks and ensure financial security. The regulatory measures they take are based on different national or regional backgrounds, and different ideas and motivations of reform will give rise to different regulatory systems, but the international context of the post-crisis era has also enabled countries, The concept of legislative reform of credit rating regulation in various regions is similar. All countries and regions are actively participating in the construction of international credit rating system while perfecting their own and regional credit rating systems. On the basis of analyzing the development course of credit rating and the evolution of its regulatory legislation, the advanced systems of foreign representative countries and international organizations are certainly worthy of our study and reference, such as the refinement of information disclosure and the strengthening of the legal responsibilities of rating agencies. The establishment of a unified regulatory body, but blindly copy the experience of foreign countries will be counterproductive. China's credit rating and its supervision are in the immature stage, which can not be directly applied to the legal system of mature countries, which needs to be based on their own characteristics, tailor-made. How to establish an effective supervision system while training the rating market, and actively participate in the construction of a new international credit rating system, the legal system of credit rating supervision in China has a long way to go. The entry and exit mechanism of rating agencies, legal liability system and other aspects of the multi-pronged approach. In addition, financial markets are changing with each passing day, and we can do something in advance in new areas where credit ratings are blank or immature, such as Internet finance, sovereign ratings and financial derivatives. Strive for a voice in the international credit rating market.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湖南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：D922.291

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本文編號：1844912