發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-05-04 02:10

  本文選題：第三人原因 + 旅行社　； 參考：《河北經(jīng)貿(mào)大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：近些年來,隨著人民物質(zhì)生活水平提高,極大的促進(jìn)了我國旅游產(chǎn)業(yè)的迅猛發(fā)展,旅游交易量也不斷上升,由此產(chǎn)生的糾紛問題也呈現(xiàn)增多的趨勢。因?yàn)榉煞ㄒ?guī)的不甚完善,導(dǎo)致旅游合同中旅行社的責(zé)任認(rèn)定等相關(guān)的違約責(zé)任問題成了法律實(shí)踐解決中的棘手問題。特別在旅游合同履行過程中,旅行社為保證服務(wù)質(zhì)量,一般不會(huì)獨(dú)自承擔(dān)所有的合同給付義務(wù),在此情形下第三人成為輔助旅游合同履行的不二合作伙伴,以此完成全部的旅游給付。此刻問題來了,在第三人因素導(dǎo)致旅游合同無法完全給付的情形下,旅行社在此時(shí)又應(yīng)當(dāng)具有怎樣的責(zé)任呢?對于這一問題的答案,不同的學(xué)者有著不同的觀點(diǎn),它不單單是一個(gè)立法方面的問題,也是體現(xiàn)了一定的價(jià)值取向規(guī)則。 本文對該問題展開進(jìn)行論述,這里談到的旅行社違約責(zé)任指的是第三人因素導(dǎo)致的,對旅游者的違約該承擔(dān)法律責(zé)任的問題。首先討論第三人原因致旅行社違約責(zé)任概述,其次是界定第三人原因致旅行社違約責(zé)任認(rèn)定問題,這里是從其構(gòu)成要件、和免責(zé)事由兩個(gè)方面進(jìn)行分析；接下來是第三人原因致旅行社違約責(zé)任的承擔(dān),最后是我國第三人原因致旅行社違約責(zé)任的問題與解決,這里通過比較域外好的解決措施和相關(guān)的法規(guī)以期可以得出我國在第三人過錯(cuò)所致旅行社違約責(zé)任的責(zé)任承擔(dān)方面完善的啟示。 文章從以下幾個(gè)方面進(jìn)行討論： 第一部分是引言,重點(diǎn)描述文章的研究背景、研究意義和研究目的,國內(nèi)外關(guān)于第三人原因致旅行社違約責(zé)任研究的現(xiàn)狀的比較介紹,本文的主要內(nèi)容和創(chuàng)新點(diǎn)。 第二部分是第三人原因致旅行社違約責(zé)任概述。本部分首先對旅游合同進(jìn)行分析界定,本質(zhì)上就是對旅游合同的基本問題進(jìn)行了介紹；接下來是旅行社與第三人的界定,內(nèi)容部分主要是對“第三人原因”和由第三人原因?qū)е碌倪`約責(zé)任特點(diǎn)的分析；而后是對第三人原因致旅行社違約責(zé)任的理論基礎(chǔ)進(jìn)行探析,主要是從合同相對性原理、公平補(bǔ)償原理和違約責(zé)任與侵權(quán)責(zé)任競合等幾方面進(jìn)行介紹。 第三部分是第三人原因致旅行社違約責(zé)任的認(rèn)定分析。主要包括兩方面內(nèi)容：第一第三人原因致旅行社違約責(zé)任的構(gòu)成要件分析。第二,第三人原因致旅行社違約責(zé)任的免責(zé)事由分析,通過與各國免責(zé)事由的比較,得出本國的旅行社免責(zé)事由及限制有：不可抗力和免責(zé)條款兩大類,最后點(diǎn)明旅游經(jīng)營者免責(zé)對于第三人責(zé)任的影響。 第四部分是第三人原因致旅行社違約責(zé)任的承擔(dān)。開始部分談?wù)摮袚?dān)的方式問題； 接下來是第三人與旅行社的責(zé)任限度劃分,另一方面是第三人即履行中的旅游活動(dòng)中輔助者的責(zé)任限度；另一方面是講述旅行社的責(zé)任限度分析。 第五部分是我國旅行社責(zé)任問題的現(xiàn)狀及其完善解決。先是對我國法律實(shí)踐中存在的違約責(zé)任現(xiàn)狀分析,考察了國內(nèi)立法狀況,通過《旅游法》的及相關(guān)司法解釋的規(guī)定做了闡述；其次,對第三人原因致旅行社違約責(zé)任的法律建議：(1)規(guī)定旅游合同有名化,使再出現(xiàn)因旅游合同引起的糾紛變得有法可依,建立旅游輔助人直接向旅游者負(fù)責(zé)制度,加強(qiáng)對旅游者權(quán)益的保護(hù)；(2)加強(qiáng)旅行社的嚴(yán)格責(zé)任制,加強(qiáng)旅行社對自身的嚴(yán)格要求；(3)適度適用旅行社責(zé)任限制,為了使旅行社在經(jīng)濟(jì)市場的運(yùn)行中更有動(dòng)力和活力。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the improvement of the people's material living standard, the rapid development of China's tourism industry has been greatly promoted, and the volume of tourism transactions is increasing, and the resulting disputes are also increasing. Because the laws and regulations are not perfect, the liability for the liability of travel agencies in the tourism contract and other related liability for breach of contract is caused. In the course of the performance of the tourism contract, the travel agency, in order to ensure the quality of the service, generally does not bear all the obligations of the contract alone. In this case, the three party becomes the partner of the supplementary tourism contract to fulfill the total payment. At the moment, the problem comes, at third When the tourist contract can not be fully paid by the human factors, what responsibility should the travel agency have at this time? Different scholars have different views on this question. It is not only a legislative issue, but also a certain value orientation rule.
This paper discusses the problem, and the liability for breach of contract refers to the third person factor, which should bear the legal responsibility for the breach of contract. First, we discuss the liability for breach of contract of the third party, followed by the definition of the liability for breach of contract by the third person. The constituent elements, and the disclaimer are analyzed in two aspects; the next third people cause the travel agency to bear the liability for breach of contract, and the last is the problem and settlement of the liability for the breach of the travel agency caused by the third people in our country. By comparing the extraterritorial solutions and relevant regulations, we can get the result of the fault of the third people in our country. The Enlightenment of travel agency's liability for breach of contract is perfect.
The article is discussed in the following aspects:
The first part is the introduction, which focuses on the background of the research, the significance and the purpose of the study, the comparative introduction of the status of the study on the liability for breach of contract between the third people at home and abroad, the main content and the innovation of this article.
The second part is an overview of the liability for breach of contract caused by third people. The first part of this section is to analyze and define the tourism contract, which is essentially an introduction to the basic problems of the tourism contract; the following is the definition of the travel agency and the third people, the content part is mainly to the "third people" and the third cause of the breach of contract. The analysis of the characteristics of responsibility, and then the theoretical basis for the third party cause of the liability for breach of contract, mainly from the principle of contract relativity, the principle of fair compensation and the concurrence of the liability for breach of contract and the liability for tort.
The third part is the analysis of the breach responsibility of the travel agency caused by the third party. It mainly includes two aspects: the analysis of the constitutive requirements of the breach responsibility of the travel agency for the first third people. Second, the analysis of the exemption of the breach responsibility of the travel agency caused by the third reasons, and through the comparison with the disclaimer from other countries, the travel agency is exempt from the travel agency. The causes and limitations are: two categories of force majeure and exemption clause. Finally, it points out the impact of tour operators' exemption on third party liability.
The fourth part is the reason for the third party's liability for breach of contract.
The next is the division of the liability limits between the third and the travel agencies, on the other hand, the limits of the responsibility of the third people, that is, the liability of the assistants in the tourism activities in the performance of the travel agency; on the other hand, the analysis of the liability limit of the travel agency.
The fifth part is the current situation and perfect solution of the responsibility of the travel agency in China. First, the present situation of the liability for breach of contract in China's legal practice is analyzed, the state of the domestic legislation is examined, and the provisions of the tourism law and relevant judicial interpretations are expounded. Secondly, the legal proposals for the breach of breach of the travel agency by the third people: (1) Stipulate the famous tourism contract, make the disputes caused by the tourism contract become legal, establish the system of the tourist assistant directly to the tourists, strengthen the protection of the tourists' rights and interests; (2) strengthen the strict liability system of the travel agency, strengthen the strict requirements of the travel agency to itself; (3) appropriate application of the travel agency liability limit, for Make travel agencies more dynamic and dynamic in the operation of the economic market.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：河北經(jīng)貿(mào)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：D922.294;D923.6

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本文編號：1841108