本文選題：氣候變化　切入點(diǎn)：保險(xiǎn)　出處：《清華大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：適應(yīng)氣候變化保險(xiǎn)制度是適應(yīng)氣候變化下的一種制度工具手段,是一種政策性的保險(xiǎn)制度。適應(yīng)氣候變化保險(xiǎn)制度的特點(diǎn)有:它是一種便利分散氣候變化損害風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的契約性制度工具;它為預(yù)防、降低氣候變化損害風(fēng)險(xiǎn)提供社會(huì)化管理工具;它需要政府的積極參與,是政府公共職能的體現(xiàn);它是檢測(cè)氣候變化影響的一個(gè)重要窗口。現(xiàn)有的國(guó)內(nèi)適應(yīng)氣候變化保險(xiǎn)制度存在以下問(wèn)題:一是相關(guān)的立法進(jìn)程緩慢;二是政府支持力度不夠;三是缺乏氣候變化監(jiān)管制度。從國(guó)外經(jīng)驗(yàn)來(lái)看,美國(guó)由隸屬于聯(lián)邦應(yīng)急管理局的聯(lián)邦保險(xiǎn)局負(fù)責(zé)管理和監(jiān)督氣候變化保險(xiǎn)具體事務(wù),由私營(yíng)保險(xiǎn)機(jī)構(gòu)進(jìn)行承保但不承擔(dān)保險(xiǎn)責(zé)任,最終由聯(lián)邦保險(xiǎn)局承擔(dān)賠付。法國(guó)氣候變化保險(xiǎn)組織機(jī)構(gòu)是政府和保險(xiǎn)業(yè)共同經(jīng)營(yíng)。但是法國(guó)的中央再保險(xiǎn)公司是主要經(jīng)營(yíng)者,由政府全資持股并且無(wú)限擔(dān)保。我國(guó)未來(lái)要建立適應(yīng)氣候變化保險(xiǎn)制度需要從以下幾方面入手:一是采用綜合立法模式,建立健全適應(yīng)氣候變化保險(xiǎn)法律體系;二是確立適應(yīng)氣候變化保險(xiǎn)監(jiān)管制度,采用政府主導(dǎo)與商業(yè)運(yùn)行相結(jié)合的運(yùn)行模式,設(shè)立氣候變化保險(xiǎn)核心機(jī)構(gòu);三是設(shè)置適應(yīng)氣候變化保險(xiǎn)具體法律制度,包括強(qiáng)制性的保險(xiǎn)方式、有差別的費(fèi)率標(biāo)準(zhǔn)和氣候變化保險(xiǎn)核心機(jī)構(gòu)承擔(dān)給付等。
[Abstract]:The adaptation to climate change insurance system is an institutional tool for adapting to climate change, It is a kind of policy-oriented insurance system. The characteristics of adapting to climate change insurance system are as follows: it is a contractual institutional tool to facilitate the dispersion of climate change damage risk, it provides a socialized management tool for preventing and reducing the risk of climate change damage; It needs the active participation of the government, it is the embodiment of the public function of the government, it is an important window to detect the impact of climate change. The existing domestic insurance system for adaptation to climate change has the following problems: first, the related legislative process is slow; Second, insufficient government support; and third, lack of a climate change regulatory regime. Judging from foreign experience, the United States has the Federal Insurance Agency, which is affiliated with the Federal Emergency Management Agency, responsible for managing and supervising specific matters of climate change insurance. To be insured by a private insurance institution without liability, and ultimately to be covered by the Federal Insurance Agency. The French climate change insurance organization is run jointly by the government and the insurance industry. But France's central reinsurance company is the main operator. In the future, the establishment of climate change insurance system in China needs to start from the following aspects: first, adopt the comprehensive legislative model to establish and improve the legal system of climate change adaptation insurance; Second, establish a regulatory system for adaptation to climate change insurance, adopt a government-led and commercial operation model, and set up core institutions for climate change insurance; third, set up a specific legal system for adaptation to climate change insurance. Include mandatory insurance, differential rates and core climate change insurance agencies to pay, and so on.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：清華大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：D922.284

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