本文關(guān)鍵詞： PPP PPP立法 立法模式 配套機(jī)制　出處：《安徽大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：政府與社會(huì)資本合作(PPP:public-private partnerships),是政府通過和社會(huì)資本合作來提供公共產(chǎn)品和服務(wù)的一種模式。PPP模式的應(yīng)用不僅能夠提升公共產(chǎn)品和服務(wù)的供給效率和質(zhì)量,而且也能夠減輕政府財(cái)政負(fù)擔(dān),轉(zhuǎn)變政府職能,充分發(fā)揮市場(chǎng)在資源配置中的決定性作用,從而推進(jìn)國(guó)家治理能力和治理體系的現(xiàn)代化,促進(jìn)社會(huì)主義市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展。近些年來,PPP模式在我國(guó)發(fā)展迅速,尤其是在各級(jí)政府的推動(dòng)之下,掀起一波PPP推廣和發(fā)展的熱潮,政府通過PPP模式和社會(huì)資本合作,可以獲得社會(huì)資本在資金、技術(shù)和管理上的優(yōu)勢(shì),而社會(huì)資本通過參與公共產(chǎn)品和服務(wù)的供給從而獲得收益。公私雙方優(yōu)勢(shì)互補(bǔ),資源共享。但與此同時(shí),我國(guó)PPP立法明顯滯后,缺乏統(tǒng)一的PPP法律規(guī)范,因此在PPP實(shí)踐中出現(xiàn)了不少問題,嚴(yán)重制約了 PPP的健康、有序發(fā)展。因此,及時(shí)制定PPP法律規(guī)范,就顯得尤為必要。PPP立法的基礎(chǔ)理論是研究PPP立法的基礎(chǔ)和前提。立法者通過PPP立法來規(guī)范公共部門和社會(huì)資本的合作,促使其優(yōu)勢(shì)互補(bǔ),風(fēng)險(xiǎn)共擔(dān),從而為公共產(chǎn)品和公共服務(wù)供給的增加和效率的提高提供法律保障。一部法律的創(chuàng)設(shè)必然有其理論依據(jù),對(duì)于PPP立法的理論依據(jù)而言,主要包括公共選擇理論、公共治理理論和公共產(chǎn)品理論。同時(shí),PPP在實(shí)際應(yīng)用中的作用和效果,證明了對(duì)PPP進(jìn)行立法的必要性和可行性。目前,我國(guó)無論是發(fā)改委、財(cái)政部還是地方政府,雖然都出臺(tái)過一些和PPP相關(guān)的法規(guī)政策,但是在適用過程當(dāng)中依舊出現(xiàn)了很多的問題,主要有法規(guī)政策在適用上的沖突,社會(huì)資本參與PPP風(fēng)險(xiǎn)分擔(dān)和收益分配不明確,救濟(jì)機(jī)制缺乏等,究其原因,從根本上說是PPP立法的缺失。立法缺失的具體表現(xiàn)在于:立法層級(jí)低,相關(guān)法律法規(guī)不銜接,PPP協(xié)議法律性質(zhì)不清,PPP模式中政府的法律定位缺失。從域外來看,英國(guó)、澳大利亞、韓國(guó)和法國(guó)的PPP立法雖有不同,但都構(gòu)建起相對(duì)完備,且具有本國(guó)特色的PPP法律規(guī)范。他山之石可以攻玉,因此有必要去借鑒他國(guó)的經(jīng)驗(yàn)來進(jìn)行本國(guó)的PPP立法。要進(jìn)行符合我國(guó)國(guó)情的PPP立法必須要堅(jiān)持互利共贏、風(fēng)險(xiǎn)分擔(dān)、公平競(jìng)爭(zhēng)和公信力原則。同時(shí)要科學(xué)的對(duì)立法的內(nèi)容進(jìn)行設(shè)置,如明確PPP協(xié)議的性質(zhì),在協(xié)議性質(zhì)確定的基礎(chǔ)之上,對(duì)PPP適用范圍進(jìn)行合理的界定。要推動(dòng)PPP模式健康有序發(fā)展,不僅僅對(duì)PPP適用范圍進(jìn)行界定,而且要對(duì)PPP模式的參與主體進(jìn)行要求,因此,甄選制度的存在是非常必要的,不僅如此,合理有效的爭(zhēng)議解決機(jī)制也是極為關(guān)鍵的,能夠公平公正的去處理PPP運(yùn)行中發(fā)生的糾紛,是對(duì)PPP運(yùn)行的重要保障。推動(dòng)PPP模式健康有序的發(fā)展,促使PPP立法的完善,健全的配套機(jī)制是極為重要的,本文從設(shè)置專門的管理機(jī)構(gòu),構(gòu)建合理的回報(bào)機(jī)制,建立完善的退出機(jī)制,健全信息公開機(jī)制和完善監(jiān)管制度五大機(jī)制入手,詳細(xì)的分析了機(jī)構(gòu)設(shè)置的作用,從而推動(dòng)PPP立法的完善,促使PPP健康、有序發(fā)展。
[Abstract]:The cooperation between government and social capital (PPP:public-private partnerships), is the supply efficiency and quality of the application by the government and social capital cooperation to provide public products and services, a.PPP model can not only enhance the public products and services, but also can reduce the financial burden of the government, the transformation of government functions, give full play to the decisive role of the market in resource allocation in order to promote the national governance capacity and governance system modernization, promote the development of socialist market economy. In recent years, PPP is developing rapidly in China, especially under the promotion of all levels of government, set off a wave of PPP promotion and development boom, the government through the PPP model of cooperation and social capital, social capital can be obtained in capital, technology and management advantages, and social capital through participation in the supply of public products and services so as to gain public. The two sides have complementary advantages, resource sharing. But at the same time, China's PPP legislation is lagging behind, the lack of unified legal norms in PPP PPP, so in practice there are a lot of problems, seriously restrict the PPP healthy and orderly development. Therefore, the timely development of PPP law, it is particularly necessary basic theory of legislation is the foundation of.PPP study on the legislation of PPP. And the premise of lawmakers to pass PPP legislation to regulate public sector cooperation and social capital, the advantage is complementary, risk sharing, so as to increase supply of public goods and public services and improve the efficiency to provide legal protection. The creation of a law must have its theoretical basis and theoretical basis for PPP the legislation, including the theory of public choice, public governance theory and the theory of public goods. At the same time, and the effect of PPP in practical application, proves the necessity of legislation on PPP and Line. At present, both China's development and Reform Commission, Ministry of Finance and the local government, although the introduction of some PPP related regulations and policies, but in the application process is still a lot of problems, the main conflict in the application of the regulations and policies, social capital to participate in the PPP risk sharing and income distribution is not clear, relief the lack of mechanism, the reason is fundamentally a lack of legislation of PPP. The specific performance is that the lack of legislation: low level legislation, relevant laws and regulations are not cohesion, the legal nature of PPP agreement is not clear, the lack of government legal position in the PPP model. From the domain of foreign, UK, Australia, South Korea and France the PPP legislation is different, but they are constructing a relatively complete, and has its own characteristics of the PPP law. Outside the box jade, so it is necessary to learn from the experience of other countries for their PPP to comply with the law. Our country PPP legislation must insist on mutual benefit and risk sharing, fair competition and credibility principle. At the same time to scientific legislation on the content set, clear properties such as PPP protocol, based on the protocol identified in nature, the PPP scope of the reasonable definition. PPP mode to promote the healthy and orderly development not only apply to PPP scope, but also to participate in the main PPP mode, therefore, the selection of the existence of the system is very necessary, not only that, reasonable and effective dispute settlement mechanism is also very key, can be fair to occur in the operation of PPP is an important guarantee for PPP disputes. Operation. To promote healthy and orderly development of the PPP mode, perfect the legislation to promote PPP, supporting mechanism is very important, this article from the set of specialized management institutions, build reasonable return mechanism, With the establishment of a perfect exit mechanism, the improvement of information disclosure mechanism and the improvement of supervision system, the five mechanisms are analyzed. The role of institutional setup is analyzed in detail, so as to promote the perfection of PPP legislation and promote the healthy and orderly development of PPP.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：安徽大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：D922.29

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本文編號(hào)：1494550