論我國(guó)離婚損害賠償制度及其完善
[Abstract]:In order to protect the aggrieved party of marriage, the law establishes the system of compensation for divorce damages, that is, Article 46 of the Marriage Law of our country. This is a new legal system added to China's Marriage Law in 2001, which has filled the legislative gap in our country. However, it can not meet the needs of judicial practice, and there are still defects in legislative technology, and the design of divorce damages system is inevitably imperfect. Based on the legal basis of the system of compensation for divorce damages in China, this paper expounds the legislative provisions of our country, analyzes their shortcomings, and puts forward some suggestions for perfection. The main body of this paper consists of three parts: the first part: the summary of divorce damages system. This paper introduces the concept of divorce damage compensation system, the constitutive requirements of divorce damage compensation system and the scope of application of divorce damage compensation system. The second part: the defect of our country divorce damage compensation system. Since the establishment of the system of compensation for divorce damages in our country in 2001, there have been many problems in theory and practice, either the provisions of the law are too vague, or it is not reasonable to use them. Therefore, the author adopts the comparative research method, draws lessons from the mature experience of foreign legislation, evaluates the present situation of the divorce damage compensation system in our country, points out that the scope of its fault behavior is too narrow, and the subject of compensation obligation is limited to the fault spouse. The defects such as uncertain standard of compensation, limitation of the subject of claim, difficulty of proof for the party without fault, and so on, which affect and restrict the system of compensation for divorce damages in our country, play a real role in filling up the mental damage and soothing the injured party. This paper analyzes the causes of the action of sanctions against fault parties, and expands our thinking of reform and perfection in the future. The third part: the perfection of the system of divorce damages in our country. First, it is necessary to expand the scope of application of the system of compensation for divorce damages. In addition to the four cases listed in Article 46 of the Marriage Law, it is proposed to add a bottom-line clause, that is, "other serious violations of the provisions of this Law." Covers all acts of fault that infringe upon the lawful rights and interests of the spouse. Second, the main body of compensation obligation should include the subjective fault of the "third party". In fact, by adjusting the "third party" in the moral code, the joint and several liability of the joint infringer has been exempted. It is unfair that the third party's illegal behavior cannot be punished by law. Third, it is reasonable to determine the standard of compensation. Although there are some objective criteria for judging the amount of compensation for moral damage, the amount of compensation actually awarded is still generally low. It is suggested that the local people's Congress promulgate the local standard of compensation for moral damages according to the local standard of living. Fourth, relax the restriction of the subject of claim. China's Marriage Law not only adjusts the marital relationship, but also regulates the family relationship derived from marriage. Therefore, other family members of both parties should also be the subject of claim for divorce damages. The fifth is the introduction of "divorce damage", where the victim can claim damages from the other party if he proves that divorce has caused a decline in his living standard or suffered some kind of damage. Sixth, perfect the evidence regulation, should reduce the proof requirement appropriately, apply the higher proof standard of probability, reduce the burden of proof of the no-fault party, make the party concerned obtain the sufficient and advantageous evidence through the legal way to safeguard his right.
【學(xué)位授予單位】:西南政法大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】:碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】:2010
【分類號(hào)】:D923.9
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