本文選題：夫妻一方所負債務 + 認定規(guī)則�。� 參考：《遼寧大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：現(xiàn)如今,社會經濟的快速發(fā)展促使人們間的交易越發(fā)頻繁,夫或妻因各自或共同的目的在婚姻存續(xù)期間內對第三人負債的情形也越來越多。因對這些債務的性質認定關系到多方利益,且我國現(xiàn)階段對夫妻一方所負債務的規(guī)定又存在不足,這使得如何認定債務性質及均衡維護各方利益成為社會關注的話題。我國法律對夫或妻以個人名義所負債務的認定依據(jù)有三種:一是依據(jù)《婚姻法解釋(二)》第24條的規(guī)定,只要發(fā)生在婚姻關系存續(xù)期間的一方所負債務,就推定為夫妻共同債務,即以時間為標準;二是依據(jù)《婚姻法》第41條的規(guī)定,以所負債務是否用于共同生活來判斷債務性質,即以用途為標準;三是依據(jù)最高院答復的內容,依不同法律關系分別適用41條、24條,并在24條中增加證明債務未用于夫妻共同生活的情形。這三種規(guī)則的同時存在,使得法官在審理此類糾紛時,對于認定夫妻所負債務的性質因適用不同規(guī)則,易造成同案不同判的結果,引起各方當事人的不滿,也損害了法院的公正與權威。雖然最高院針對上述問題做出的答復解決了各規(guī)則的適用沖突,平衡了夫妻間、夫妻與債權人間的利益,但答復在實踐中沒有被大量的適用,對問題的解決幫助甚少。而最高院最新公布施行的《婚姻法解釋(二)的補充規(guī)定》(以下簡稱《補充規(guī)定》)在《婚姻法解釋(二)》第24條的基礎上又增加兩款,分別作出了對虛假債務、非法債務不受法律保護的規(guī)定,可以說是對24條的修正,但這仍不能徹底的解決實踐中的問題。本文首先從三個實際案例中總結出我國目前的審判實踐中對夫妻一方所負債務認定的爭議問題,并審視在司法實踐中關于夫妻一方所負債務的認定現(xiàn)狀;然后分別對這些爭議問題進行詳細的闡述;最后是對我國夫妻一方所負債務認定規(guī)則的立法完善提出建議。分別從明確認定規(guī)則與夫妻共同債務范圍、建立日常家事代理制度、合理分配舉證責任等方面進一步完善夫妻一方所負債務認定的體系結構。
[Abstract]:Nowadays, the rapid development of social economy has prompted more frequent transactions among people, and more and more liabilities of the husband or wife in the duration of marriage for their own or common purposes are also more and more. Foot, this makes it a topic of social concern how to identify the nature of the debt and maintain the interests of the parties in a balanced way. There are three ways to identify the debts of the husband or wife in the name of the individual. One is based on the provisions of the marriage law (two) and twenty-fourth. The common debt is the standard of time; two is according to the provisions of the marriage law forty-first, whether the debt is used for common life to judge the nature of the debt, that is, the use is the standard, and the three is according to the content of the highest hospital's reply, 41 articles and 24 articles are applied according to the different legal relations, and the increase of the 24 is proved that the debt is not used for the common life of the husband and wife. The existence of the three rules makes the judges in the trial of such disputes, the nature of the determination of the nature of the debts of the husband and wife, the result of the application of different rules, the result of the different judgments of the same case, the dissatisfaction of the parties, and the justice and authority of the court. The applicable conflict of the rules has balanced the interests between husband and wife, husband and wife and the creditor, but the reply has not been widely applied in practice and has little help to solve the problem. And the most newly announced implementation of the supplementary provisions of the marriage law interpretation (two) (hereinafter referred to as < supplementary regulation >) is based on the marriage law interpretation (two) > twenty-fourth. In addition, two sections are added, and the provisions on the false debt and the illegal debt are not protected by law. It can be said to be the amendment to the 24 article, but this still can not solve the problems in practice thoroughly. First, this paper summarizes the controversial issues concerning the determination of the debts of the husband's wife in the current trial practice of our country from three practical cases and examines the issue of the disputed issue of the debts of the husband's wife. In the judicial practice, the present status of the debts of the one party of the husband and wife is identified; then the disputes are expounded in detail. Finally, the legislative perfection of the rules for the determination of the debts of the one side of the husband and wife of our country is put forward. The burden of proof and other aspects further improve the system of debt determination for the husband and wife.
【學位授予單位】：遼寧大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：D923.9

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