【摘要】：隨著廣大人民群眾法律意識(shí)的增強(qiáng)，人們?cè)诮邮茚t(yī)療服務(wù)時(shí)，除了關(guān)注病情如何得到治療外，也開(kāi)始關(guān)心自己的權(quán)利如何得到保護(hù)的問(wèn)題。其中，對(duì)自己隱私權(quán)的保護(hù)更是為人們所重視。各國(guó)為了保護(hù)患者的隱私權(quán)，通常將醫(yī)療機(jī)構(gòu)的保密義務(wù)規(guī)定為一項(xiàng)法定義務(wù)。我國(guó)也通過(guò)法律規(guī)定，將醫(yī)療機(jī)構(gòu)的保密義務(wù)上升為法律義務(wù)。同時(shí)，我們也要看到，在國(guó)外曾出現(xiàn)過(guò)患者隱私權(quán)與其他權(quán)益相沖突的判例。若過(guò)于苛責(zé)醫(yī)療機(jī)構(gòu)的承擔(dān)保密責(zé)任，可能也會(huì)帶來(lái)一些社會(huì)問(wèn)題。我國(guó)有關(guān)保密義務(wù)的內(nèi)容在法律上的規(guī)定在構(gòu)成要件，保密信息的范圍，是否存在例外情形等方面存在問(wèn)題，以致在實(shí)踐操作中不利于醫(yī)療機(jī)構(gòu)與患者糾紛的解決。 本文共分為三部分。第一部分是我國(guó)醫(yī)療機(jī)構(gòu)泄露個(gè)人信息的現(xiàn)象及立法現(xiàn)狀分析。在此部分中將列舉醫(yī)療實(shí)踐中醫(yī)療機(jī)構(gòu)泄露患者信息的實(shí)例，分析醫(yī)療機(jī)構(gòu)泄露患者個(gè)人信息行為的法律性質(zhì)，即對(duì)保密義務(wù)的違反。論證規(guī)定醫(yī)療機(jī)構(gòu)承擔(dān)保密義務(wù)的必要性，并探討我國(guó)現(xiàn)行法律對(duì)醫(yī)療機(jī)構(gòu)保密義務(wù)的規(guī)定以及分析現(xiàn)行規(guī)定所存在的問(wèn)題，即構(gòu)成要件及責(zé)任承擔(dān)規(guī)定不明確，例外情形規(guī)定不詳盡。 第二部分是醫(yī)療機(jī)構(gòu)違反保密義務(wù)的構(gòu)成要件及責(zé)任承擔(dān)。此部分是本文的理論部分，分析醫(yī)療機(jī)構(gòu)違反保密義務(wù)侵權(quán)責(zé)任的構(gòu)成要件，并探討該侵權(quán)責(zé)任的承擔(dān)問(wèn)題。首先，提出在現(xiàn)行法律制度下，可以依據(jù)侵權(quán)法、合同法對(duì)醫(yī)療機(jī)構(gòu)違反保密義務(wù)進(jìn)行民法責(zé)任的追究，但是保護(hù)患者利益而言，筆者認(rèn)為，在救濟(jì)患者權(quán)利而言，，侵權(quán)責(zé)任更有利，因此本文重點(diǎn)探討違反保密義務(wù)的侵權(quán)責(zé)任。然后，通過(guò)侵權(quán)責(zé)任構(gòu)成要件一般理論的介紹引出醫(yī)療機(jī)構(gòu)保密的信息應(yīng)包括：個(gè)人信息，醫(yī)療信息，治療過(guò)程，依據(jù)患者請(qǐng)求。最后經(jīng)論證明確醫(yī)療機(jī)構(gòu)違反保密義務(wù)侵權(quán)責(zé)任的承擔(dān)主體應(yīng)為醫(yī)療機(jī)構(gòu)。 第三部分是醫(yī)療機(jī)構(gòu)違反保密義務(wù)的例外。此部分論述醫(yī)療機(jī)構(gòu)保密義務(wù)的例外情形。結(jié)合外國(guó)立法及判例，論述我國(guó)應(yīng)當(dāng)對(duì)醫(yī)療機(jī)構(gòu)違反保密義務(wù)的例外情形進(jìn)行規(guī)定，并提出我國(guó)應(yīng)當(dāng)將以下醫(yī)療機(jī)構(gòu)泄露患者信息的情形視為違反保密義務(wù)的例外情形：患者同意、公共性利益、為了保護(hù)患者自身的利益以及不可抗力。
[Abstract]:With the enhancement of the legal consciousness of the broad masses of the people, when receiving medical services, people not only pay attention to how to get treatment, but also begin to pay attention to how to protect their rights. Among them, the protection of their right to privacy is paid more attention to. In order to protect the privacy of patients, countries usually make the obligation of confidentiality of medical institutions a legal obligation. Our country also through the law stipulation, the medical institution confidentiality duty rises to the legal obligation. At the same time, we should also see that there has been a conflict between patients' privacy and other rights and interests in foreign countries. If medical institutions are too critical of confidentiality responsibilities, there may also be some social problems. There are some problems in the legal provisions of the obligation of confidentiality in our country, such as the constituent elements, the scope of confidential information, whether there are exceptions and so on, so that it is not conducive to the settlement of disputes between medical institutions and patients in practice. This paper is divided into three parts. The first part is the analysis of the phenomenon and legislative situation of medical institutions leaking personal information in our country. In this part, the examples of medical institutions leaking patient information in medical practice will be listed, and the legal nature of the disclosure of patients' personal information by medical institutions will be analyzed, that is, the violation of the obligation of confidentiality. This paper demonstrates the necessity of prescribing the obligation of confidentiality in medical institutions, probes into the provisions of the current law of our country on the obligation of confidentiality of medical institutions, and analyzes the problems existing in the current provisions, that is, the provisions on constituent elements and liability are not clear, and the provisions on exceptions are not detailed. The second part is the constituent elements and responsibility of medical institutions violating the obligation of confidentiality. This part is the theoretical part of this paper, which analyzes the constituent elements of tort liability of medical institutions in violation of confidentiality obligations, and discusses the assumption of tort liability. First of all, under the current legal system, we can investigate the civil law liability of medical institutions for violating the obligation of confidentiality according to the tort law, but as far as the protection of the interests of patients is concerned, the author believes that the tort liability is more favorable in terms of the rights of relief patients, so this paper focuses on the tort liability for violating the obligation of confidentiality. Then, through the introduction of the general theory of the constituent elements of tort liability, the confidential information of medical institutions should include: personal information, medical information, treatment process, according to the patient's request. Finally, it is proved that the main body of tort liability of medical institutions in violation of confidentiality obligations should be medical institutions. The third part is the exception of medical institutions violating the obligation of confidentiality. This part discusses the exceptions to the confidentiality obligation of medical institutions. Combined with foreign legislation and cases, this paper discusses that our country should stipulate the exception of breach of confidentiality obligation by medical institutions, and puts forward that the following cases of disclosure of patient information by medical institutions should be regarded as exceptions to breach of confidentiality obligation: patient consent, public interests, in order to protect the interests of patients and force majeure.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南政法大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：D922.16;D923

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本文編號(hào)：2502271