【摘要】：當(dāng)前，極速增加的機(jī)動(dòng)車數(shù)量，促使交通事故頻發(fā)，成為社會(huì)不穩(wěn)定的因素之一。由于普通民眾的交通安全意識(shí)、道路交通秩序相對(duì)滯后，致使道路交通事故大幅增加、案件數(shù)量顯著增長。根據(jù)法院報(bào)表統(tǒng)計(jì)顯示，我2007年法院系統(tǒng)受理一審機(jī)動(dòng)車道路交通事故損害賠償糾紛案件296969件，占民事一審案件的6.3%；2008年受理375082件，占民事一審案件的6.9%；2009年受理464703件，占民事一審案件的8.0%；2010年受理612596件，占民事一審案件的10.1%；2011年受理744570件，占民事一審案件的11.3%；2012年上半年，案件數(shù)量更是達(dá)到了403476件。無論從絕對(duì)數(shù)量還是所占比例上看，機(jī)動(dòng)車道路交通事故損害賠償糾紛案件都處于較快上升趨勢。如何有效解決社會(huì)矛盾、促進(jìn)社會(huì)的和諧與穩(wěn)定、及時(shí)保護(hù)事故受害者的合法權(quán)益、彰顯法律的公正與威嚴(yán)，是擺在人民法院在面前的現(xiàn)實(shí)問題。在頒布了《中華人民共和國保險(xiǎn)法》、《中華人民共和國道路交通安全法》、《機(jī)動(dòng)車交通事故責(zé)任強(qiáng)制保險(xiǎn)條例》后，關(guān)于是否賦予了受害第三人直接請(qǐng)求權(quán)在理論和實(shí)務(wù)中爭議不斷。為貫徹黨的十八大提出的五位一體的重大戰(zhàn)略部署，切實(shí)保障和改善民生，加快形成法治保障的社會(huì)管理體制，為全面建成小康社會(huì)提供有力的司法保障，最高人民法院根據(jù)《中華人民共和國侵權(quán)責(zé)任法》、《中華人民共和國合同法》、《中華人民共和國道路交通安全法》、《中華人民共和國保險(xiǎn)法》、《中華人民共和國民事訴訟法》等法律的相關(guān)規(guī)定，結(jié)合審判實(shí)踐，經(jīng)審判委員會(huì)第1556次會(huì)議討論，，通過了《最高人民法院關(guān)于審理道路交通事故損害賠償案件適用法律若干問題的解釋》，此解釋解決了全國各地法院在審理機(jī)動(dòng)車道路交通事故的案件時(shí)，將肇事機(jī)動(dòng)車輛承保的保險(xiǎn)公司列為何種訴訟地位。投保人與保險(xiǎn)公司可以在保險(xiǎn)合同中約定受害第三人享有直接請(qǐng)求權(quán)，但本文探討的是由法律設(shè)定產(chǎn)生的受害第三人直接請(qǐng)求權(quán)，也就是法律賦予的直接請(qǐng)求權(quán)。
[Abstract]:At present, the rapid increase in the number of motor vehicles, promote frequent traffic accidents, become one of the factors of social instability. Because of the common people's awareness of traffic safety, the road traffic order lags behind, resulting in a large increase in road traffic accidents and a significant increase in the number of cases. According to the statistics of the court reports, in 2007, the court system accepted 296969 disputes over compensation for damages caused by motor vehicle traffic accidents in the first instance, accounting for 6.3 percent of the civil first instance cases; in 2008, 375082 cases were accepted, accounting for 6.9 percent of the civil first instance cases; and in 2009, 464703 cases were accepted. In 2010, 612596 cases were accepted, accounting for 10.1% of the total number of civil first instance cases; 744570 cases were accepted in 2011, accounting for 11.33% of the total number of civil first instance cases; and in the first half of 2012, the number of cases reached 403476. In terms of absolute number and proportion, the dispute cases of motor vehicle road traffic accident damage compensation are on the rise. How to effectively solve social contradictions, promote social harmony and stability, protect the legitimate rights and interests of accident victims in time, and highlight the justice and majesty of the law are the realistic problems in front of the people's court. After the promulgation of the Insurance Law of the people's Republic of China, the Road Traffic Safety Law of the people's Republic of China and the regulations on compulsory Insurance for Motor vehicle Traffic Accidents, Whether the right of direct claim is given to the third party is controversial in theory and practice. In order to implement the major strategic plan of "five in one" put forward by the 18th National Congress of the Party, to ensure and improve the people's livelihood, to speed up the formation of a social management system guaranteed by the rule of law, and to provide a strong judicial guarantee for the building of a well-off society in an all-round way, The Supreme people's Court, in accordance with the Law of the people's Republic of China on Tort liability, the contract Law of the people's Republic of China, the Road Traffic Safety Law of the people's Republic of China, the Insurance Law of the people's Republic of China, the Civil procedure of the people's Republic of China The relevant provisions of laws, such as laws, In connection with trial practice, discussed at the 1556 meeting of the trial Committee, The Supreme people's Court has adopted the interpretation of the Law applicable to hearing cases of compensation for damages caused by Road Traffic Accidents. This interpretation has solved the problems of courts throughout the country in hearing cases of road traffic accidents involving motor vehicles. What kind of litigation status will the insurance company insured by the motor vehicle involved in the accident be listed as? The policyholder and the insurance company can agree in the insurance contract that the injured third party has the direct claim right, but this article discusses the direct claim right of the injured third party produced by the law, that is, the direct claim right given by the law.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：黑龍江大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：D922.284

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