我國反壟斷法適用懲罰性賠償制度研究
發(fā)布時間：2018-08-14 12:42
【摘要】：懲罰性賠償制度作為起源于英美法系的一項重要制度,經(jīng)過長期的發(fā)展與完善,已經(jīng)在包括大陸法系國家在內(nèi)的許多國家得到了適用。我國目前在《消費者權(quán)益保護法》、《食品安全法》、《合同法》等法律中也規(guī)定了懲罰性賠償制度。美國及我國臺灣地區(qū)的反壟斷法適用了懲罰性賠償制度并取得了較好的現(xiàn)實效果。我國于2008年8月1日開始生效的《反壟斷法》中并沒有規(guī)定懲罰性賠償制度,加之該法中有關(guān)反壟斷執(zhí)法機構(gòu)及其權(quán)限職責(zé)方面所存在的問題,使得該法能否有效發(fā)揮其作用,實現(xiàn)立法目標(biāo)受到廣泛的質(zhì)疑,理論界也開始了對于我國反壟斷法中引入懲罰性賠償制度的探討。 本文在對懲罰性賠償制度的內(nèi)涵與功能做必要的闡述的基礎(chǔ)上,首先論證了我國反壟斷法中適用懲罰性賠償制度的必要性與可行性問題。根據(jù)我國現(xiàn)行反壟斷法第50條的規(guī)定,受害人遭受壟斷不法行為的侵害只能向壟斷經(jīng)營者主張補償性的賠償,再加上處于弱勢不利地位的受害人本身就存在的舉證困難之現(xiàn)實,顯然對處于強勢經(jīng)濟地位的壟斷經(jīng)營者無法起到事前嚇阻之作用,無法有效地遏阻壟斷不法行為的發(fā)生。懲罰性賠償制度適用的目標(biāo)價值與經(jīng)濟法社會本位的價值要求高度統(tǒng)一,再加上它所具有的事前干預(yù)以遏阻不法行為發(fā)生的強大功能,我們理應(yīng)對我國反壟斷法引入懲罰性賠償制度持樂觀支持的態(tài)度。何況,即使是該制度的適用可能產(chǎn)生的過度威懾等弊端,也能通過具體制度適用方面的一些限制加以消除。在闡述了在我國反壟斷法中適用懲罰性賠償制度的必要性與可行性之后,筆者通過對英美法系及大陸法系主要國家關(guān)于懲罰性賠償制度適用的對比分析,結(jié)合我國現(xiàn)實,重點分析、探索了我國反壟斷法中適用懲罰性賠償制度下原告主體資格及賠償數(shù)額確定方面的制度設(shè)計問題。 本文的正文分為四大部分,第一部分,歸納分析懲罰性賠償制度的的含義、適用范圍、構(gòu)成要件和功能,為第二部分論證進行必要的理論鋪墊；第二部分,論證懲罰性賠償制度在我國反壟斷法中適用的必要性與可行性。文章中,筆者闡述了現(xiàn)行反壟斷法中適用補償性賠償?shù)牟蛔恪土P性賠償制度可以適用于反壟斷法的法理分析、懲罰性賠償制度適用于反壟斷法的優(yōu)勢以及懲罰性賠償制度適用之弊端分析四個問題,得出在我國反壟斷法中適用懲罰性賠償制度是必要和可行的；第三部分,從懲罰性賠償私人訴訟主體資格、懲罰性賠償?shù)臉?gòu)成要件、懲罰性賠償數(shù)額的確定方法和反壟斷執(zhí)法機構(gòu)在反壟斷私人訴訟中的角色地位四個方面,闡述了在反壟斷法中適用懲罰性賠償制度所需要重點解決的幾個問題；第四部分為結(jié)論,總結(jié)前文,得出我國在反壟斷法中應(yīng)該如何適用懲罰性賠償制度。
[Abstract]:Punitive damages system, as an important system originated from Anglo-American law system, has been applied in many countries, including civil law countries, after a long period of development and improvement. At present, punitive damages are also stipulated in the Law on Protection of Consumer Rights and interests, the Law on Food Safety, the Law of contract Law and so on. The anti-monopoly law in the United States and Taiwan has applied the punitive damages system and achieved good practical results. The Anti-Monopoly Law, which came into effect on August 1, 2008, does not provide for the punitive damages system, and the problems in the law concerning anti-monopoly law enforcement agencies and their competence make the law play its role effectively. The realization of legislative objectives has been widely questioned, and the theoretical circle has also begun to explore the introduction of punitive damages in China's anti-monopoly law. On the basis of expounding the connotation and function of punitive damages system, this paper first demonstrates the necessity and feasibility of applying punitive damages system in China's anti-monopoly law. According to Article 50 of the current Anti-monopoly Law of our country, the victim can only claim compensatory compensation from the monopoly operator after being infringed by the illegal monopoly act, in addition to the fact that the victim who is in a disadvantaged position has the difficulty of proving evidence. Obviously, monopoly operators in a strong economic position can not play the role of deterring in advance, can not effectively curb the occurrence of illegal monopoly. The target value of the punitive damages system is highly consistent with the value requirement of the social standard of economic law, coupled with its powerful function of intervening in advance to deter the occurrence of illegal acts. We should take an optimistic attitude towards the introduction of punitive damages in China's anti-monopoly law. Moreover, even the disadvantages of excessive deterrence which may arise from the application of the system can be eliminated by some limitations in the application of the specific system. After expounding the necessity and feasibility of applying punitive damages system in China's anti-monopoly law, the author compares and analyzes the application of punitive damages system in the main countries of Anglo-American law system and continental law system, combining with the reality of our country. Based on the analysis, this paper probes into the system design of the plaintiff's subject qualification and the amount of compensation in the application of punitive damages system in China's anti-monopoly law. The text of this paper is divided into four parts. The first part summarizes and analyzes the meaning, scope of application, constitutive elements and functions of punitive damages system, which lays the necessary theoretical foundation for the second part of the argumentation. To demonstrate the necessity and feasibility of applying punitive damages system in China's anti-monopoly law. In the article, the author expounds the deficiency of applying compensatory compensation in the current anti-monopoly law, and the punitive damages system can be applied to the legal theory analysis of anti-monopoly law. The advantages of the punitive damages system applied to the anti-monopoly law and the disadvantages of the application of the punitive damages system are analyzed. The conclusion is that it is necessary and feasible to apply the punitive damages system in the anti-monopoly law of our country. From four aspects: the qualification of the subject of the private litigation for punitive damages, the constitutive requirements of the punitive damages, the method of determining the amount of the punitive damages and the role of the antitrust law enforcement agencies in the private antitrust litigation, This paper expounds several problems that should be solved in the application of punitive damages system in anti-monopoly law. The fourth part is the conclusion, and concludes that how to apply punitive damages system in anti-monopoly law in our country.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：安徽大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：D922.29
本文編號：2182894
[Abstract]:Punitive damages system, as an important system originated from Anglo-American law system, has been applied in many countries, including civil law countries, after a long period of development and improvement. At present, punitive damages are also stipulated in the Law on Protection of Consumer Rights and interests, the Law on Food Safety, the Law of contract Law and so on. The anti-monopoly law in the United States and Taiwan has applied the punitive damages system and achieved good practical results. The Anti-Monopoly Law, which came into effect on August 1, 2008, does not provide for the punitive damages system, and the problems in the law concerning anti-monopoly law enforcement agencies and their competence make the law play its role effectively. The realization of legislative objectives has been widely questioned, and the theoretical circle has also begun to explore the introduction of punitive damages in China's anti-monopoly law. On the basis of expounding the connotation and function of punitive damages system, this paper first demonstrates the necessity and feasibility of applying punitive damages system in China's anti-monopoly law. According to Article 50 of the current Anti-monopoly Law of our country, the victim can only claim compensatory compensation from the monopoly operator after being infringed by the illegal monopoly act, in addition to the fact that the victim who is in a disadvantaged position has the difficulty of proving evidence. Obviously, monopoly operators in a strong economic position can not play the role of deterring in advance, can not effectively curb the occurrence of illegal monopoly. The target value of the punitive damages system is highly consistent with the value requirement of the social standard of economic law, coupled with its powerful function of intervening in advance to deter the occurrence of illegal acts. We should take an optimistic attitude towards the introduction of punitive damages in China's anti-monopoly law. Moreover, even the disadvantages of excessive deterrence which may arise from the application of the system can be eliminated by some limitations in the application of the specific system. After expounding the necessity and feasibility of applying punitive damages system in China's anti-monopoly law, the author compares and analyzes the application of punitive damages system in the main countries of Anglo-American law system and continental law system, combining with the reality of our country. Based on the analysis, this paper probes into the system design of the plaintiff's subject qualification and the amount of compensation in the application of punitive damages system in China's anti-monopoly law. The text of this paper is divided into four parts. The first part summarizes and analyzes the meaning, scope of application, constitutive elements and functions of punitive damages system, which lays the necessary theoretical foundation for the second part of the argumentation. To demonstrate the necessity and feasibility of applying punitive damages system in China's anti-monopoly law. In the article, the author expounds the deficiency of applying compensatory compensation in the current anti-monopoly law, and the punitive damages system can be applied to the legal theory analysis of anti-monopoly law. The advantages of the punitive damages system applied to the anti-monopoly law and the disadvantages of the application of the punitive damages system are analyzed. The conclusion is that it is necessary and feasible to apply the punitive damages system in the anti-monopoly law of our country. From four aspects: the qualification of the subject of the private litigation for punitive damages, the constitutive requirements of the punitive damages, the method of determining the amount of the punitive damages and the role of the antitrust law enforcement agencies in the private antitrust litigation, This paper expounds several problems that should be solved in the application of punitive damages system in anti-monopoly law. The fourth part is the conclusion, and concludes that how to apply punitive damages system in anti-monopoly law in our country.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：安徽大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：D922.29
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