私法歐洲化背景下不當(dāng)?shù)美贫裙δ苎芯?/H1>
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-07-21 16:22
【摘要】：肇始于羅馬法的不當(dāng)?shù)美贫葰v經(jīng)數(shù)千年的風(fēng)雨變遷，生命力不但沒有在歷史長河的蕩滌中削弱，反而變得越發(fā)旺盛，大有枯木逢春猶再發(fā)之勢，普通法系中的返還法就是最好的證明。法律功能的研究，可以有效消解規(guī)范制定的復(fù)雜性，實(shí)現(xiàn)某種程度的確定性。緣此，在歐洲私法協(xié)調(diào)的今天，不當(dāng)?shù)美贫裙δ艿难芯�，可謂恰逢其時(shí)、不可回避。不當(dāng)?shù)美贫裙δ艿难芯�，在�?shí)質(zhì)意義層面體現(xiàn)了該制度的獨(dú)特價(jià)值，進(jìn)而決定了該制度的基本布局結(jié)構(gòu)，在認(rèn)知層面，影響甚至決定著人們對該制度的主觀認(rèn)識(shí)與評(píng)價(jià)�；谏鲜鰩c(diǎn)，本文以當(dāng)前歐洲立法進(jìn)程為寫作背景，擬分四個(gè)部分對不當(dāng)?shù)美贫裙δ芗右哉归_。 除引言外，本文共計(jì)3.6萬字。 第一部分對當(dāng)前歐洲不當(dāng)?shù)美贫攘⒎ㄟM(jìn)程做一簡單說明。首先，介紹英國不當(dāng)?shù)美⒎ǜ艣r。作為普通法系代表的英國法傳統(tǒng)上并沒有明確的不當(dāng)?shù)美⒎ǎ洳划?dāng)?shù)美⒎ㄒ彩亲罱鼛资甑氖�，作為新生的制度，在發(fā)展過程中存在諸多爭議�；谙嗤牧⒎ň窦爸笇�(dǎo)原理，對英國不當(dāng)?shù)美⒎ㄅc傳統(tǒng)歐陸不當(dāng)?shù)美⒎ㄗ鲆槐容^，發(fā)現(xiàn)不同，這無疑對不當(dāng)?shù)美贫鹊臍W洲化意義重大。當(dāng)前，學(xué)界對不當(dāng)?shù)美贫葰W洲層面上的立法出現(xiàn)了許多爭議，激進(jìn)地主張取消之的觀點(diǎn)也不絕于耳，文章在本部分舉出代表性觀點(diǎn)為下文探討做鋪墊。最后，與英國猶如雨后春筍般不斷發(fā)展的不當(dāng)?shù)美贫认啾龋瑲W陸學(xué)者一直在對傳統(tǒng)不當(dāng)?shù)美贫冗M(jìn)行反思，嘗試真正認(rèn)清不當(dāng)?shù)美谋举|(zhì)，把握規(guī)律更好地實(shí)現(xiàn)其良好發(fā)展，抽象原則與類型化劃分的“雙軌制”路線圖似乎成為了學(xué)界的基本共識(shí)。 第二部分檢討不當(dāng)?shù)美贫容o助功能的傳統(tǒng)觀點(diǎn)。輔助功能論歷史悠久、源遠(yuǎn)流長，可追溯至19世紀(jì)末期法國最高法院之判例。該判例一經(jīng)形成便遭到了國內(nèi)外學(xué)者的批評(píng)。但是，如果法律制度的發(fā)展忽略社會(huì)真實(shí)，單憑學(xué)者完全的抽象的理論推演也是非理性的。仔細(xì)考察法國最高法院判例之立法背景及立法初衷，便會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)其中的一些端倪，輔助功能論在現(xiàn)實(shí)實(shí)務(wù)地區(qū)為多國司法所適用，因此輔助功能并非如學(xué)者所言一無是處，它與本國固有法律傳統(tǒng)、私法體系息息相關(guān)。根據(jù)兩大法系判例考察，輔助功能直至今日仍未退出歷史的舞臺(tái)。最后，筆者對不當(dāng)?shù)美贫戎o助功能做一檢討，結(jié)合判例發(fā)現(xiàn)，輔助功能重點(diǎn)適用于一些機(jī)關(guān)案件中。同時(shí)，對輔助功能論可能存在的諸多消極影響作出評(píng)價(jià)。 第三部分就不當(dāng)?shù)美贫戎?dú)立功能展開論述。在上面部分對輔助功能檢討基礎(chǔ)之上，提出不當(dāng)?shù)美贫扔衅渥陨淼莫?dú)立功能。首先本文考察了不當(dāng)?shù)美贫泉?dú)立功能的法哲學(xué)基礎(chǔ)，亞里士多德的正義劃分理論為不當(dāng)?shù)美贫泉?dú)立功能提供了理論支撐。進(jìn)而在理論支撐及立法現(xiàn)實(shí)背景之下，提出不當(dāng)?shù)美贫鹊莫?dú)立性從而對否定不當(dāng)?shù)美贫泉?dú)立性的觀點(diǎn)給予反駁，從而對本文第一部分部分學(xué)者所持否定不當(dāng)?shù)美贫鹊挠^點(diǎn)給予回應(yīng)，對批評(píng)的再批評(píng)，為不當(dāng)?shù)美贫仍跉W洲化層面的協(xié)調(diào)邁出關(guān)鍵一步。更進(jìn)一步地，對不當(dāng)?shù)美c合同法、侵權(quán)法功能進(jìn)行比較發(fā)現(xiàn)，合同法、侵權(quán)法都具有懲罰功能而不當(dāng)?shù)美麆t無。 第四部分借鑒社會(huì)學(xué)部分研究成果，對不當(dāng)?shù)美δ苓M(jìn)行系統(tǒng)論述。首先說明，普通法系通過最近幾十年的發(fā)展，不當(dāng)?shù)美褳榱⒎ù_認(rèn)為債法的支柱之一。可以說，立法的確認(rèn)更進(jìn)一步鞏固了不當(dāng)?shù)美莫?dú)立地位。接下來就是，對不當(dāng)?shù)美贫裙δ艿膫鹘y(tǒng)觀點(diǎn)進(jìn)行反思。無論是將其提升為“克服成文法局限性”抑或貶為“民法的垃圾箱”，這都是有失公允的，筆者認(rèn)為不當(dāng)?shù)美δ芤环矫嬖谟诔C正不當(dāng)利益的返還，一方面在疑難案件中實(shí)現(xiàn)資源的分配，其既無力承擔(dān)“克服成文法局限性”，更絕非“垃圾箱”。筆者在此重點(diǎn)說明了不當(dāng)?shù)美麩o力承擔(dān)“克服成文法局限性”的原因。理論的研究最終反映到實(shí)踐，不當(dāng)?shù)美贫裙δ艿难芯孔罱K旨在為私法歐洲化的目標(biāo)服務(wù)，，最后筆者提出不當(dāng)?shù)美姆峙涔δ�、整合功能和社�?huì)適應(yīng)功能。 結(jié)語部分，筆者對于不當(dāng)?shù)美c合同法、侵權(quán)法的邊界問題，提出了自己的看法，不當(dāng)?shù)美c合同法、侵權(quán)法確實(shí)存在諸多“灰色地帶”，僅此就否認(rèn)不當(dāng)?shù)美嬖诤侠硇缘挠^點(diǎn)也是有失偏頗得。某一個(gè)特定問題存在多種解決之道是正常的、合理的，法律并非僅提供一個(gè)正確與單一的解決途徑，相反的，是存在著許多正確的，亦即“適當(dāng)?shù)摹保梢韵嗷ミx擇采用解決的途徑。
[Abstract]:On the basis of the research of legal function , the research on the function of unjust system can effectively resolve the complexity of the system and realize certain degree of certainty .
In addition to the introduction , there are a total of 3.6 million words .
The first part makes a brief explanation of the current European non - profit system legislative process . Firstly , it introduces the general situation of the British unjust legislation . As the representative of the common law , the British law has no clear unjust legislation , and it has many disputes in the development process . In the end , the academic circle has been trying to make a better understanding of the traditional non - profit system . At last , it seems that the road map of " double - track system " , which is divided by the principles of abstract principle and type , seems to be the basic understanding of the academic circle .
The second part reviews the traditional view of the auxiliary function of the unjust system . The auxiliary function theory has a long history and long history . It can be traced back to the jurisprudence of the Supreme Court of France in the late 19th century . However , if the development of the legal system ignores the social reality , it is not rational .
In the third part , the independent function of the unjust system is discussed . On the basis of the above part , the independent function of the unjust system is put forward . Firstly , the author points out that the independent function of the unjust system is supported by the theory of the theory and the realistic background of legislation .
The fourth part uses the research results of sociology to systematically discuss the non - profit function . First of all , it shows that the common law is one of the pillars of the debt law through the recent decades of development .
The author points out that there are many " grey zones " on the boundary between unjust enrichment and contract law and tort law . There are many " grey zones " in the law of torts .
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南政法大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：D913
【引證文獻(xiàn)】
相關(guān)博士學(xué)位論文 前2條
1 霍政欣;不當(dāng)?shù)美膰H私法問題[D];武漢大學(xué);2005年
2 韓冰;近代中國民法原則研究[D];中國政法大學(xué);2007年
本文編號(hào)：2136094
本文鏈接：http://sikaile.net/falvlunwen/hetongqiyue/2136094.html
[Abstract]:On the basis of the research of legal function , the research on the function of unjust system can effectively resolve the complexity of the system and realize certain degree of certainty .
In addition to the introduction , there are a total of 3.6 million words .
The first part makes a brief explanation of the current European non - profit system legislative process . Firstly , it introduces the general situation of the British unjust legislation . As the representative of the common law , the British law has no clear unjust legislation , and it has many disputes in the development process . In the end , the academic circle has been trying to make a better understanding of the traditional non - profit system . At last , it seems that the road map of " double - track system " , which is divided by the principles of abstract principle and type , seems to be the basic understanding of the academic circle .
The second part reviews the traditional view of the auxiliary function of the unjust system . The auxiliary function theory has a long history and long history . It can be traced back to the jurisprudence of the Supreme Court of France in the late 19th century . However , if the development of the legal system ignores the social reality , it is not rational .
In the third part , the independent function of the unjust system is discussed . On the basis of the above part , the independent function of the unjust system is put forward . Firstly , the author points out that the independent function of the unjust system is supported by the theory of the theory and the realistic background of legislation .
The fourth part uses the research results of sociology to systematically discuss the non - profit function . First of all , it shows that the common law is one of the pillars of the debt law through the recent decades of development .
The author points out that there are many " grey zones " on the boundary between unjust enrichment and contract law and tort law . There are many " grey zones " in the law of torts .
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南政法大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：D913
【引證文獻(xiàn)】
相關(guān)博士學(xué)位論文 前2條
1 霍政欣;不當(dāng)?shù)美膰H私法問題[D];武漢大學(xué);2005年
2 韓冰;近代中國民法原則研究[D];中國政法大學(xué);2007年
本文編號(hào)：2136094
本文鏈接：http://sikaile.net/falvlunwen/hetongqiyue/2136094.html
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