本文選題：預(yù)付費(fèi)交易　切入點(diǎn)：法律規(guī)制　出處：《中國(guó)海洋大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文

【摘要】：預(yù)付費(fèi)交易作為一種新興的商業(yè)模式，受到經(jīng)營(yíng)者與消費(fèi)者的普遍喜愛(ài)，給雙方都帶來(lái)了很多實(shí)惠，也對(duì)于經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展、繁榮市場(chǎng)發(fā)揮了很大的促進(jìn)作用。但現(xiàn)實(shí)生活中，預(yù)付費(fèi)交易并不像人們想象的那樣健康有序，由于缺乏法律規(guī)制，其正逐漸背離產(chǎn)生初衷，成為不法經(jīng)營(yíng)者侵害消費(fèi)者合法權(quán)益的手段，從而產(chǎn)生了大量的法律糾紛。因此，，本文從四個(gè)大方面對(duì)預(yù)付費(fèi)交易的法律規(guī)制進(jìn)行了思考，通過(guò)對(duì)預(yù)付費(fèi)交易發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀和存在問(wèn)題進(jìn)行深入分析和解剖，在總結(jié)保留我國(guó)成功經(jīng)驗(yàn)的基礎(chǔ)上，借鑒吸收域外先進(jìn)的規(guī)制方法措施，為如何有效地對(duì)預(yù)付費(fèi)交易進(jìn)行法律規(guī)制提供對(duì)策和建議，以期完善預(yù)付費(fèi)交易，保障消費(fèi)者的合法權(quán)益。 本文主要分為四大部分。第一部分，對(duì)預(yù)付費(fèi)交易的法律性質(zhì)及其存在的問(wèn)題進(jìn)行了分析。預(yù)付費(fèi)交易是指消費(fèi)者對(duì)將來(lái)所要獲得的商品或服務(wù)預(yù)先支付相關(guān)費(fèi)用給經(jīng)營(yíng)者，之后憑借經(jīng)營(yíng)者或第三方發(fā)行的消費(fèi)憑證或提供的編號(hào)，或消費(fèi)者的身份證件等可以識(shí)別預(yù)付費(fèi)消費(fèi)者身份的憑證，購(gòu)買(mǎi)商品或享受服務(wù)并進(jìn)行結(jié)算的商業(yè)模式，其法律性質(zhì)是應(yīng)屬消費(fèi)服務(wù)類(lèi)合同。就目前而言，預(yù)付費(fèi)交易主要存在不公平格式條款、經(jīng)營(yíng)者存在欺詐現(xiàn)象、預(yù)付費(fèi)用的資金安全和預(yù)付費(fèi)消費(fèi)者的權(quán)益救濟(jì)等問(wèn)題。第二部分，對(duì)我國(guó)預(yù)付費(fèi)交易法律規(guī)制現(xiàn)狀進(jìn)行了評(píng)析。通過(guò)梳理發(fā)現(xiàn)，我國(guó)現(xiàn)有法律規(guī)范的規(guī)定籠統(tǒng)模糊，缺乏針對(duì)性，司法實(shí)踐性不強(qiáng)，盡管許多地方對(duì)預(yù)付費(fèi)交易的法律規(guī)制進(jìn)行了很多有益的嘗試，具有很好的借鑒意義，但是就整體而言，仍存在專(zhuān)門(mén)性法律規(guī)定不足、約束管理機(jī)制缺乏、行業(yè)協(xié)會(huì)約束力有限等問(wèn)題。第三部分，對(duì)預(yù)付費(fèi)交易規(guī)制較為成功的日本和我國(guó)臺(tái)灣地區(qū)的預(yù)付費(fèi)交易規(guī)制現(xiàn)狀進(jìn)行了比較研究，從而發(fā)現(xiàn)，我國(guó)應(yīng)當(dāng)在預(yù)付費(fèi)交易的經(jīng)營(yíng)主體、監(jiān)管主體、合同內(nèi)容規(guī)范、行業(yè)協(xié)會(huì)等方面予以借鑒。第四部分，從完善《消費(fèi)者權(quán)益保護(hù)法》和《合同法》相關(guān)法律法規(guī)和出臺(tái)部門(mén)規(guī)章兩個(gè)大方面，就我國(guó)預(yù)付費(fèi)交易法律規(guī)制的完善提出了幾點(diǎn)建議，包括對(duì)預(yù)付費(fèi)交易主體實(shí)行市場(chǎng)準(zhǔn)入制度、推行保證金或第三方擔(dān)保制度、建立風(fēng)險(xiǎn)救濟(jì)基金、明確監(jiān)管主體、加強(qiáng)預(yù)付費(fèi)資金監(jiān)管、推行示范合同和加強(qiáng)行業(yè)自律。
[Abstract]:As a new business model, prepaid transaction is generally loved by both operators and consumers. It brings a lot of benefits to both sides, and also plays a great role in promoting the economic development and prosperity of the market. But in real life, Prepaid transaction is not as healthy and orderly as people imagine, because of the lack of legal regulation, it is gradually deviating from its original intention and becoming a means for illegal operators to encroach on the legitimate rights and interests of consumers, thus resulting in a large number of legal disputes. This paper thinks about the legal regulation of prepaid transaction from four aspects. By analyzing and dissecting the present situation and existing problems of prepaid transaction, this paper summarizes the successful experience of our country. Based on the foreign advanced regulation methods and measures, this paper provides countermeasures and suggestions on how to effectively regulate prepaid transactions in order to perfect prepaid transactions and protect the legitimate rights and interests of consumers. This paper is mainly divided into four parts. The first part analyzes the legal nature of prepaid transactions and their existing problems. Prepaid transactions refer to the consumers who pay the related fees to the operators in advance for the goods or services they want to obtain in the future. A business model in which a consumer certificate or number issued by an operator or a third party, or a consumer's identity card, can then identify the identity of a prepaid consumer, purchase a commodity or enjoy a service, and make a settlement. The legal nature of the contract is that it should be a consumer service contract. At present, there are unfair format clauses in prepaid transactions and fraud in operators. The second part analyzes the current situation of the legal regulation of prepaid transactions in China. Through combing, the author finds that the existing legal regulations in our country are general and vague. Lack of pertinence, judicial practice is not strong, although many places on the legal regulation of prepaid transactions have made a lot of useful attempts, with good reference significance, but on the whole, there is still a lack of specialized legal provisions. The third part makes a comparative study on the current situation of pre-paid transaction regulation in Japan and Taiwan, where the regulation of prepaid transactions is relatively successful. China should draw lessons from such aspects as the main body of prepaid transactions, the subject of supervision, the specification of the contract content, the trade association, and so on. From the aspects of consummating the relevant laws and regulations of the Consumer Rights and interests Protection Law and the contract Law and introducing the departmental rules and regulations, this paper puts forward some suggestions on the perfection of the legal regulation of prepaid transactions in our country. It includes carrying out market access system for prepaid trading parties, carrying out margin or third party guarantee system, establishing risk relief fund, clarifying supervision subject, strengthening supervision of prepaid funds, promoting model contract and strengthening industry self-discipline.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國(guó)海洋大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：D923.6;D922.294

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