本文關(guān)鍵詞： 合同解除權(quán) 行使行為 解除通知 除斥期間 限制　出處：《華東政法大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：合同解除權(quán)是權(quán)利主體在合同目的無法實(shí)現(xiàn)時(shí)逃脫合同束縛的一把鑰匙，一經(jīng)行使，，合同關(guān)系即告消滅。合同解除權(quán)行使行為是連接解除事由與解除效力的紐帶，對(duì)整個(gè)合同解除制度有著至關(guān)重要的作用。發(fā)生解除事由后，權(quán)利主體只有按照合理的程序行使合同解除權(quán)，才能產(chǎn)生合同解除的效力，使合同關(guān)系歸于消滅。合同解除權(quán)行使行為包含合同解除權(quán)由誰行使、如何行使以及何時(shí)行使等問題，為權(quán)利主體采用何種途徑和方式行使合同解除權(quán)指明了方向。本文撇開對(duì)合同解除權(quán)基礎(chǔ)理論的探討，僅就合同解除權(quán)行使行為進(jìn)行研究，以期對(duì)該課題涉及的相關(guān)問題有較為全面深入的了解。全文共分為以下五大部分： 第一部分論述了合同解除權(quán)行使的主體，明確了合同解除權(quán)應(yīng)由解除權(quán)人本人及本人授權(quán)、法律規(guī)定或法院指定的人行使，并經(jīng)論述認(rèn)為，違約方不應(yīng)享有解除合同的權(quán)利。 第二部分論述了合同解除權(quán)行使的客體，重點(diǎn)就繼續(xù)性合同、已成立但未生效合同和單務(wù)合同能否成為合同解除權(quán)行使的客體進(jìn)行了分析，并得出以上三種合同均可成為合同解除權(quán)行使客體的結(jié)論。 第三部分系統(tǒng)研究了合同解除權(quán)行使的方式。首先對(duì)各國采用的三種合同解除權(quán)行使方式即裁判解除模式、通知解除模式和自動(dòng)解除模式進(jìn)行比較分析，確定我國在情勢(shì)變更情形下采用的是裁判解除模式，而在其他情形下采用的是通知解除模式。隨后論述了我國解除合同的通知形式，重點(diǎn)論證了解除權(quán)人未經(jīng)通知程序可以直接通過訴訟或仲裁行使合同解除權(quán)，并對(duì)由此衍生的此時(shí)合同解除時(shí)間如何確定、公告送達(dá)能否視為合同解除通知以及裁判機(jī)關(guān)能否直接裁判解除合同等三個(gè)爭議問題進(jìn)行了分析。 第四部分系統(tǒng)研究了合同解除權(quán)行使的期間。首先將合同解除權(quán)行使的期間劃分為四種類型并認(rèn)為其法律屬性屬除斥期間，然后對(duì)四種類型下除斥期間的起算點(diǎn)和期限進(jìn)行全面分析。通過分析認(rèn)為，我國《合同法》第94條第3項(xiàng)“當(dāng)事人一方遲延履行主要債務(wù)，經(jīng)催告后在合理期限內(nèi)仍未履行”法定解除情形下的解除權(quán)行使期間的起算點(diǎn)為催告期限屆滿之日；法律沒有規(guī)定或者當(dāng)事人沒有約定解除權(quán)行使期限時(shí)，相對(duì)人催告情況下的合理期限應(yīng)允許當(dāng)事人自行把握或法官自由裁量，無相對(duì)人催告情況下的解除權(quán)除斥期間應(yīng)限定為一年。 第五部分從學(xué)理角度論述了合同解除權(quán)行使的限制，得出合同解除權(quán)的行使不得附條件或附期限、不得撤銷，放棄合同解除權(quán)后不得再次行使，有意致使相對(duì)人違約后不得行使合同解除權(quán)等結(jié)論。
[Abstract]:The right to terminate the contract is the subject of rights can not achieve the purpose of contract in the contract to escape a key bound, after exercise, contract relationship is therefore eliminated. The right to terminate the contract exercise behavior is connected to terminate and the effects of the link, plays an important role on the rescission of the contract. After the right to terminate. The subject only in accordance with reasonable procedures to exercise the right to terminate the contract, to produce the effect of termination of the contract, the contract relationship to destroy. The exercise behavior includes the right to rescind the contract who exercise the right to terminate the contract, how to exercise and when the problem is the subject of rights by which way to exercise the right to rescind the contract for the specified direction. Study on the basic theory of the right to rescind the contract, only on the right to terminate the contract exercise behaviors were studied, in order to related problems on this topic has a more comprehensive in-depth. The full text is divided into the following five parts:
The first part discusses the subject of the exercise of the right to rescind the contract. It is clear that the right to rescind the contract should be exercised by the person who released the right himself and authorized by the law, or the person appointed by the court. After discussion, it is considered that the breach party shall not enjoy the right to terminate the contract.
The second part discusses the object of the exercise of the right to terminate the contract, the focus will continue to contract, has been established but not yet effective contract and single service contract can become the object of the exercise of the right to terminate the contract are analyzed, and the above three kinds of contract can be exercised the right to terminate the contract on the object.
The third part of the contract to exercise the right to terminate the way. The first of the three countries used to exercise the right to terminate the contract or terminate the judgment mode, notify lift mode and automatic lifting mode for comparative analysis, determined that our country adopts in case of change of circumstances is lifted by the referee, in the other case is notified lift mode. Then discusses the form of notice of termination of the contract, focuses on the understanding of owner can directly through litigation or arbitration exercising the right to cancel the contract without notice procedures, and derived from the termination of the contract at this time how to determine the time, whether the notice served as a contract termination notice and the authorities can directly judge to terminate the contract three a controversial problem is analyzed.
During the fourth part of the system of the right to rescind the contract. The first exercise will exercise the right to terminate the contract period is divided into four types and that its legal attribute is the scheduled period, then the four types except the starting point of the period and the period of comprehensive analysis. Through the analysis, the ninety-fourth China Contract Law > > third "a party delayed performance of its main obligations, after being urged in a reasonable period of time has not fulfilled" the starting point of the legal case for exercising the right to terminate the exhortation during expiration date; the law does not stipulate or the parties have no definite solution about ex exercise period, the relative people urged a reasonable period of time the situation the parties should be allowed to hold or judge discretion, relative person, urge the case of rescission scheduled period should be limited to one year.
The fifth part discusses the limitation of the exercise of the right to rescind the contract from the academic point of view, and concludes that the exercise of the right to rescind the contract is not conditional or limited. It can not be revoked, and it can not be exercised again after the waiver of the right to rescind the contract, and the conclusion is that the relative parties may not exercise the right to cancel the contract after the breach of contract is made.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：華東政法大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：D923.6

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