本文關(guān)鍵詞： 隱名投資 實際出資人 隱名代理 被代理人身份不公開代理　出處：《中國社會科學(xué)院研究生院》2013年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：投資人借用他人名義向公司投資的行為在實務(wù)中是一種普遍現(xiàn)象，由于我國目前欠缺對隱名投資相關(guān)法律關(guān)系的規(guī)制，致使現(xiàn)實中關(guān)于隱名投資的糾紛層出不窮。于2011年1月27日頒布，并從2011年2月16日起正式實施的《最高人民法院關(guān)于適用中華人民共和國公司法若干問題的規(guī)定（三）》（以下簡稱為《公司法解釋三》）就隱名投資問題做出了相應(yīng)的規(guī)制。雖然《公司法解釋三》的規(guī)定對于現(xiàn)實問題的解決大有裨益，但是實際出資人的概念以及內(nèi)涵仍不明確，實際出資人的資格認(rèn)定標(biāo)準(zhǔn)仍有所欠缺，實際出資人的問題仍沒有根本解決。因此，本文認(rèn)為，為了解決實際出資人法律地位問題，我們不妨借鑒英美法系代理制度中的隱名代理以及被代理人身份不公開的代理制度，并以我國《合同法》現(xiàn)有的代理制度為基礎(chǔ)，綜合運用公司法相關(guān)理論，，如有限責(zé)任公司股權(quán)轉(zhuǎn)讓制度以及公司法人格否認(rèn)制度等等。具體內(nèi)容如下： 一為實際出資人的基本理論。首先定義了隱名投資者，本文認(rèn)為雖然理論界將隱名投資者稱為“隱名股東”，但是基于對現(xiàn)行法律的敬畏，隱名投資者應(yīng)該被定義為“實際出資人”；其次詳細(xì)闡述了實際出資人的主要特征；再次根據(jù)實際出資人意思表示的不同，其與名義股東之間的法律關(guān)系應(yīng)當(dāng)適用不同的法律規(guī)范；最后介紹了實際出資人在其他法域的規(guī)范和學(xué)說。 二介紹了實際出資人的現(xiàn)實狀態(tài)。首先，在理論界，針對實際出資人的法律地位問題主要有實質(zhì)說、形式說以及折中說三種學(xué)說，但是這三種學(xué)說都有一定的缺陷；其次，本文主要對《公司法解釋三》進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)的解讀，并分析了該司法解釋的不足。 三為實際出資人相關(guān)法律實務(wù)問題的分析。首先對代持股協(xié)議的效力進(jìn)行了認(rèn)定，這是實際出資人股東資格認(rèn)定的前提；其次，本文認(rèn)為隱名投資的實際出資人特征與代理制度特征吻合，實際出資人在實踐中面臨的法律問題和英美法系相關(guān)代理制度所調(diào)整的權(quán)利義務(wù)關(guān)系相類似。因此，就我國現(xiàn)狀而言，以英美法系代理制度為藍(lán)本，結(jié)合我國已有代理理論可以對實際出資人與名義股東、公司其他股東以及公司外第三人的法律關(guān)系進(jìn)行調(diào)整；最后，實際出資人如果對公司經(jīng)營管理進(jìn)行隱蔽的全面控制，其可能濫用自身支配地位，不當(dāng)攫取公司利益，損害公司相關(guān)利害關(guān)系人的利益，所以本文認(rèn)為，公司法人格否認(rèn)制度應(yīng)當(dāng)適用于實際出資人。
[Abstract]:The behavior of investors to invest in companies in the name of others is a common phenomenon in practice, because of the lack of regulation on the legal relations related to anonymous investment in our country at present. Resulting in the reality of hidden investment disputes in endlessly. Issued in January 27th 2011, Since February 16th 2011, the provisions of the Supreme people's Court on the Application of the Company Law of the people's Republic of China (3) > (hereinafter referred to as "Company Law interpretation 3]) have made corresponding problems on anonymous investment. Although the provisions of the Company Law interpretation III are of great benefit to the solution of practical problems, However, the concept and connotation of the actual investor is still unclear, the qualification criteria of the actual investor are still lacking, and the problem of the actual investor is still not solved. Therefore, this paper argues that, in order to solve the legal status of the actual investor, We may draw lessons from the anonymous agency system in the Anglo-American legal system and the agent system in which the identity of the principal is not disclosed. Based on the existing agency system in contract Law of China, we can comprehensively apply the relevant theories of the Company Law. Such as limited liability company equity transfer system and corporate personality denial system and so on. The specific contents are as follows:. The first is the basic theory of the actual investor. Firstly, the author defines the dormant investor. Although the theorists call the dormant investor "dormant shareholder", it is based on the awe of the existing law. Anonymous investors should be defined as "actual investors". Secondly, the main characteristics of actual investors are described in detail. The legal relationship between it and its nominal shareholders should be governed by different legal norms. Finally, it introduces the norms and doctrines of actual investors in other jurisdictions. First of all, in the theoretical circle, there are three kinds of theories on the legal status of actual investors, namely, substantive theory, form theory and compromise theory, but all of these three theories have certain defects. In this paper, the interpretation of Company Law III is explained in detail, and the shortcomings of the judicial interpretation are analyzed. The third is the analysis of the relevant legal and practical issues of the actual investor. Firstly, the validity of the proxy shareholding agreement is determined, which is the premise of the shareholder qualification of the actual investor; secondly, This paper holds that the characteristics of the actual investors in anonymous investment are consistent with the characteristics of the agency system. The legal problems faced by the actual investors in practice are similar to the relationship between the rights and obligations regulated by the relevant agency systems in the Anglo-American legal system. As far as the present situation of our country is concerned, taking the agency system of Anglo-American law system as the model, and combining with the existing agency theory in our country, we can adjust the legal relationship between the actual investors and the nominal shareholders, other shareholders of the company and the third party outside the company. If the actual investor carries on the covert overall control over the company's management, it may abuse its dominant position, seize the interests of the company improperly, and harm the interests of the relevant stakeholders of the company. The system of denial of corporate personality should be applied to actual investors.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國社會科學(xué)院研究生院
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：D922.291.91

【引證文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)博士學(xué)位論文 前2條

1 丁珍燮;股份有限公司出資問題研究[D];清華大學(xué);2005年

2 周荃;有限責(zé)任公司股東資格法律制度研究[D];武漢大學(xué);2010年

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 李運;論股權(quán)轉(zhuǎn)讓協(xié)議的效力[D];西南政法大學(xué);2014年

本文編號：1529325