本文關(guān)鍵詞：《聯(lián)合國國際貨物銷售合同公約》中違約損害賠償可預(yù)見規(guī)則研究　出處：《暨南大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

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【摘要】：在合同法領(lǐng)域,違約損害賠償是一個(gè)內(nèi)涵十分豐富的問題。在其具體適用中,往往需要借助各種規(guī)則,以平衡合同雙方利益、公平分配交易風(fēng)險(xiǎn),可預(yù)見規(guī)則便是其中之一。該規(guī)則自19世紀(jì)被提出以后,得到兩大法系的廣泛認(rèn)可和接受。1964年《國際貨物買賣統(tǒng)一法公約》在總結(jié)兩大法系立法和司法實(shí)踐的基礎(chǔ)上,將其完整表述于條文中。該條文后被《聯(lián)合國國際貨物銷售合同公約》(以下簡稱《銷售公約》)第74條以細(xì)微的改動后繼承。我國在成為《銷售公約》的締約國后,也于1999年頒布的《合同法》第113條“但書”中確立了該規(guī)則。但我國對該規(guī)則缺乏深入的理論研究和實(shí)踐經(jīng)驗(yàn),司法工作中大多不能準(zhǔn)確把握規(guī)則的內(nèi)涵,規(guī)則的適用效果并不明顯。本文以《銷售公約》第74條中可預(yù)見規(guī)則相關(guān)規(guī)定為研究對象,分三個(gè)層次展開研究。首先,通過對可預(yù)見規(guī)則進(jìn)行簡要的概念性介紹提出待研究問題;梳理可預(yù)見規(guī)則在兩大法系中的體現(xiàn)及其在《銷售公約》中的形成沿革,從宏觀層面開展對規(guī)則的認(rèn)識。其次,本章從微觀上探討了《銷售公約》中可預(yù)見規(guī)則的具體內(nèi)涵,探討的內(nèi)容包括規(guī)則的構(gòu)成及其與因果關(guān)系理論的關(guān)系。其中,對規(guī)則內(nèi)容的探討是本章的研究重點(diǎn)。探討的子問題包括:可預(yù)見規(guī)則中預(yù)見的主體、預(yù)見的時(shí)間、預(yù)見的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)、預(yù)見的對象四個(gè)方面。筆者對此四個(gè)方面的探討既有對《銷售公約》相關(guān)條文的語義解讀,也有對理論和學(xué)術(shù)界不同學(xué)術(shù)觀點(diǎn)的分析;并結(jié)合具有代表性的司法判例和法官的案例解讀,提出自己的觀點(diǎn)和看法。此外,由于因果關(guān)系理論屬于違約損害賠償認(rèn)定中的基本理論,其與可預(yù)見規(guī)則在處理違約損害賠償問題上有著緊密的聯(lián)系,筆者也將其列入對可預(yù)見規(guī)則第二層次的探討中。最后,在對可預(yù)見規(guī)則宏觀和微觀的研究基礎(chǔ)上,筆者簡單的評價(jià)了《銷售公約》中可預(yù)見規(guī)則的適用優(yōu)點(diǎn)和不足。并將研究的視角轉(zhuǎn)向國內(nèi),系統(tǒng)總結(jié)了可預(yù)見規(guī)則在我國的立法及適用現(xiàn)狀,分析產(chǎn)生問題的原因,從比較法的角度,對完善我國《合同法》中可預(yù)見規(guī)則的適用提出了若干建議。
[Abstract]:In the field of contract law, damages for breach of contract is a very rich connotation. In its application, often need to use all kinds of rules, in order to balance the interests of both the contract, fair distribution of transaction risk, the rule of foreseeability is one of them. Since the rule was proposed in nineteenth Century, two big legal system and widely recognized accept.1964 < uniform law on the international sale of goods "in summing up the two legal legislation and judicial practice, the complete expression in provisions. After this provision by" the United Nations Convention on Contracts for the international sale of goods "(hereinafter referred to as the" Convention on the sale of seventy-fourth >) in subtle changes after China's inheritance. In a signatory to the Convention on the sale of < >, in 1999 promulgated the < contract law > 113rd "proviso" established the rules. But China is lack of theoretical research and practical experience of the rules of judicial work, mostly Can not accurately grasp the connotation of rules, rules of the applicable effect is not obvious. Based on the "sales convention > seventy-fourth in the foreseeable rules as the research object of the relevant provisions, is divided into three levels. Firstly, the concept of the rule of foreseeability briefly introduced the research problem; combing can reflect the rule of foresight in two legal formation and evolution in the < > in the sales convention, from the macro level of awareness of the rules. Secondly, this chapter from the micro analyses of the specific connotation of CISG in < > predictable rules, which explore the contents including the rules and its relationship with the theory of causation. The study of the rules of the content is the research emphasis of this chapter. Including the problems discussed: the subject can foresee in the rules, the forecast time, expected standard, four aspects of the object. The author of this study predicted four aspects Both the semantic interpretation of the relevant provisions of the Convention on the sale of < >, also the analysis of the theory and the academic circles of different academic views; and combining with the case of representative judicial precedents and judges, put forward their own views and opinions. In addition, the causal relationship between damage compensation of breach of contract theory belongs to the basic theory of cognizance. The breach of contract and predictable rules on compensation issues are closely linked, the author will also be included in the rule of foresight to the level of second. Finally, based on the rule of foreseeability of macroscopic and microcosmic, the author simply evaluates the advantages of sales convention > < application of predictable rules and shortcomings. And the research perspective to China, summarized the rule of foreseeability in legislation and the application of the status quo, analysis of the causes of the problems, from the perspective of comparative law, to perfect our contract law in < > The application of the foresight rules put forward a number of suggestions.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：暨南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：D923.6

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