【摘要】：南非的工傷保險(xiǎn)法律制度起步較早，在1914年就頒布了第一部《勞工補(bǔ)償法》，1930年實(shí)現(xiàn)了從雇主責(zé)任保險(xiǎn)制到工傷社會(huì)保險(xiǎn)制的轉(zhuǎn)變。南非工傷保險(xiǎn)法律制度主要包括工傷補(bǔ)償、工傷康復(fù)、工傷預(yù)防三方面的內(nèi)容，，相關(guān)的立法主要包括：1993年《工傷與職業(yè)病補(bǔ)償法》（第130號(hào)）、1993年《職業(yè)衛(wèi)生與安全法》（第85號(hào)）和1996年《礦業(yè)衛(wèi)生與安全法》（第29號(hào)），該文主要以工傷補(bǔ)償為重點(diǎn)研究?jī)?nèi)容。 南非工傷保險(xiǎn)的實(shí)體性法律制度內(nèi)容豐富充實(shí)，主要介紹和分析了工傷保險(xiǎn)待遇、工傷保險(xiǎn)基金、工傷康復(fù)與預(yù)防等問(wèn)題。南非對(duì)工傷采用廣義定義，包括工傷事故和職業(yè)病兩部分。工傷保險(xiǎn)待遇主要分為三大類(lèi)：因工致殘待遇、因工死亡待遇、工傷醫(yī)療待遇，其中因工致殘待遇根據(jù)雇員傷殘等級(jí)的不同而設(shè)定了不同的待遇標(biāo)準(zhǔn)；因工死亡待遇中工亡雇員的供養(yǎng)親屬范圍廣泛，配偶再婚者可繼續(xù)享受撫恤金；工傷醫(yī)療待遇包括運(yùn)送工傷雇員的交通費(fèi)用。文章通過(guò)對(duì)Jooste v Score Supermarket Trading (Pty) Ltd和Jiya v Durban roodepoortDeep Ltd兩個(gè)案例的分析，剖析了在工傷保險(xiǎn)待遇與雇主民事賠償責(zé)任競(jìng)合時(shí)，南非適用全面替代模式的合憲性以及保留傷殘雇員民事?lián)p害賠償權(quán)的可能性。南非的工傷保險(xiǎn)經(jīng)辦機(jī)構(gòu)包括補(bǔ)償基金委員會(huì)、互助協(xié)會(huì)（蘭特互助保險(xiǎn)有限責(zé)任公司和雇主互助保險(xiǎn)協(xié)會(huì)聯(lián)合會(huì)），補(bǔ)償基金主要是通過(guò)雇主繳納的強(qiáng)制性評(píng)估費(fèi)而籌集的，并運(yùn)用獎(jiǎng)懲結(jié)合的行業(yè)費(fèi)率和浮動(dòng)費(fèi)率來(lái)調(diào)整雇主的評(píng)估費(fèi)用，以保證基金收支的平衡和促進(jìn)工傷預(yù)防。另外，通過(guò)《職業(yè)衛(wèi)生與安全法》和《礦業(yè)衛(wèi)生與安全法》兩部法律來(lái)保障工傷康復(fù)與預(yù)防事業(yè)的發(fā)展。 程序性法律制度主要介紹工傷保險(xiǎn)待遇相關(guān)的程序、爭(zhēng)議處理機(jī)制和監(jiān)督管理機(jī)構(gòu)。南非工傷保險(xiǎn)的完整程序?yàn)椋荷暾?qǐng)工傷認(rèn)定—申請(qǐng)補(bǔ)償—受理申請(qǐng)—核發(fā)工傷保險(xiǎn)待遇—先異議后上訴，其中臨時(shí)法庭負(fù)責(zé)對(duì)異議的處理。監(jiān)督管理模式采用政府指定中央部門(mén)（勞動(dòng)部門(mén)和衛(wèi)生部門(mén)）監(jiān)督，并依靠補(bǔ)償委員會(huì)的管理方式。該文在每一章節(jié)后運(yùn)用對(duì)比分析法，比較了南非工傷保險(xiǎn)法律制度與中國(guó)的異同，并在全文最后運(yùn)用邏輯分析法從宏觀上評(píng)價(jià)了南非的工傷保險(xiǎn)法律制度。
[Abstract]:The legal system of industrial injury insurance in South Africa started early. The first Labor compensation Law was promulgated in 1914, and the transformation from employer liability insurance system to industrial injury social insurance system was realized in 1930. The legal system of industrial injury insurance in South Africa mainly includes three aspects: industrial injury compensation, industrial injury rehabilitation and industrial injury prevention. The relevant legislation mainly includes the Industrial injury and Occupational Disease compensation Act of 1993 (No. 130), the Occupational Health and Safety Act of 1993 (No. 85) and the Mining Health and Safety Act of 1996 (No. 29). This paper mainly focuses on industrial injury compensation. The substantive legal system of industrial injury insurance in South Africa is rich and substantial. This paper mainly introduces and analyzes the treatment of industrial injury insurance, industrial injury insurance fund, industrial injury rehabilitation and prevention and so on. South Africa uses a broad definition of industrial injury, including industrial accidents and occupational diseases. The treatment of industrial injury insurance is mainly divided into three categories: work-related disability treatment, work-related death treatment, industrial injury medical treatment, in which the work-related disability treatment sets different treatment standards according to the different disability grades of employees; in the work-related death treatment, the dependent relatives of employees who die at work are widely covered, and those who remarry can continue to enjoy pensions; industrial injury medical treatment includes the transportation expenses of industrial-injury employees. Based on the analysis of Jooste v Score Supermarket Trading (Pty) Ltd and Jiya v Durban roodepoortDeep Ltd cases, this paper analyzes the constitutionality of the comprehensive substitution model applied in South Africa and the possibility of retaining the civil damages right of disabled employees when the treatment of industrial injury insurance and the civil liability of employers compete. The industrial injury insurance agencies in South Africa include the compensation Fund Committee, the Mutual Assistance Association (Rand Mutual Insurance Co., Ltd. And the Federation of employers' Mutual Insurance Associations). The compensation fund is mainly raised through the mandatory assessment fee paid by the employer, and the employer's evaluation fee is adjusted by using the industry rate and floating rate of the combination of rewards and punishments to ensure the balance of income and expenditure of the fund and promote the prevention of industrial injury. In addition, the occupational health and safety law and mining health and safety law are adopted to ensure the development of industrial injury rehabilitation and prevention. The procedural legal system mainly introduces the procedures related to the treatment of industrial injury insurance, dispute settlement mechanism and supervision and management bodies. The complete procedures for industrial injury insurance in South Africa are: application for industrial injury identification-application for compensation-acceptance of application for approval of industrial injury insurance treatment-first objection and then appeal, in which the interim court is responsible for handling the objection. The supervision and management mode adopts the supervision of the central department (labor department and health department) appointed by the government and relies on the management mode of the compensation committee. After each chapter, this paper compares the similarities and differences between the legal system of industrial injury insurance in South Africa and China, and finally evaluates the legal system of industrial injury insurance in South Africa from a macro point of view by using logical analysis.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湘潭大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：D997

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