【摘要】：當(dāng)應(yīng)對氣候變化成為國際社會關(guān)注焦點的時候,美國“碳關(guān)稅”的提出引發(fā)爭議,挑起了應(yīng)對氣候變化大旗下的全球環(huán)境治理與貿(mào)易保護的糾紛，其實質(zhì)是一種新型貿(mào)易壁壘。中國是世界上排名第一的出口大國,目前已經(jīng)面臨市場經(jīng)濟地位、特保條款和頻繁雙反的多重貿(mào)易摩擦,碳關(guān)稅的出臺將使中國面臨的貿(mào)易摩擦形勢更加嚴峻,嚴重挫傷中國的出口和對發(fā)達國家的投資,也將一定程度上影響世界貿(mào)易的發(fā)展。本文首先對碳關(guān)稅的內(nèi)涵進行了界定，客觀分析了美國碳關(guān)稅提出的背景、特征、意圖與實質(zhì)�；趪H經(jīng)濟法的基本原則深入分析了碳關(guān)稅，就現(xiàn)行WTO規(guī)則對碳關(guān)稅的違規(guī)性和合法性提出依據(jù)，預(yù)見在一定程度上世界貿(mào)易規(guī)則在此基礎(chǔ)上可能發(fā)生的變化。闡述了碳關(guān)稅對全球貿(mào)易及對我國可能造成的影響。在結(jié)合中國現(xiàn)實深入剖析后，提出我國的主要應(yīng)對措施即國內(nèi)建立健全碳稅制度和啟動碳交易市場和碳排放權(quán)交易，，并結(jié)合我國現(xiàn)行法律有力有理地提出了這兩項制度的可行性和制度擬定，建立適應(yīng)我國國情的支持低碳經(jīng)濟發(fā)展的市場體系和政策體系。積極利用WTO現(xiàn)有法律機制，參與國際氣候變化規(guī)則和“碳關(guān)稅”征收規(guī)則的制訂，大力培育新能源產(chǎn)業(yè)，發(fā)展服務(wù)業(yè)以加快產(chǎn)業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)型升級，從整合供應(yīng)鏈入手降低經(jīng)營成本，發(fā)展低碳產(chǎn)業(yè)，以應(yīng)對發(fā)達國家“碳關(guān)稅”的影響，適應(yīng)低碳經(jīng)濟的大潮流。
[Abstract]:When dealing with climate change has become the focus of international attention, the proposed "carbon tariff" of the United States has aroused controversy and provoked the dispute between global environmental governance and trade protection under the banner of climate change, which in essence is a new type of trade barrier. China is the largest export country in the world. At present, it is faced with market economy status, special safeguard clauses and frequent double opposition multiple trade frictions. The introduction of carbon tariffs will make the situation of trade frictions facing China more severe. China's exports and investment in developed countries will be severely hampered, and the development of world trade will be affected to a certain extent. In this paper, the connotation of carbon tariff is defined, and the background, characteristics, intention and essence of American carbon tariff are analyzed objectively. Based on the basic principles of international economic law, this paper analyzes the carbon tariff in depth, and puts forward the basis for the violation and legality of the current WTO rules on carbon tariffs, and foresees the possible changes of the world trade rules on this basis to a certain extent. The influence of carbon tariff on global trade and on our country is expounded. After deeply analyzing the reality of China, the paper puts forward the main countermeasures of our country, that is, to establish and perfect the carbon tax system, to start the carbon trading market and to trade carbon emission rights in China. Combining with the current law of our country, the feasibility and the formulation of the two systems are put forward, and the market system and policy system which can support the development of low-carbon economy are set up according to the national conditions of our country. We should actively utilize the existing legal mechanism of WTO, participate in the formulation of international climate change rules and "carbon tariff" collection rules, vigorously cultivate new energy industries, develop service industries in order to speed up the industrial transformation and upgrade, and start with the integration of supply chains to reduce operating costs. Develop low-carbon industry to deal with the impact of carbon tariffs in developed countries and adapt to the trend of low-carbon economy.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山西財經(jīng)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：D922.29;D996

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