【摘要】：將海盜犯罪納入犯罪控制理論中是本文的邏輯起點,由此出發(fā),將海盜犯罪分為傳統(tǒng)模式與現(xiàn)代模式。在傳統(tǒng)模式,海盜的定義取決于城邦政治的傾向,海盜行為屬于國家行為范疇,海盜作為政治工具處在了協(xié)助海洋國家爭奪海權(quán)的位置。似乎與犯罪控制無關(guān),經(jīng)歷了中世紀(jì)的宗教化之后,海盜行為直到近代時期才被定義為犯罪行為,其實質(zhì)是從政治性向法律性的轉(zhuǎn)化,這樣的轉(zhuǎn)化為犯罪控制系統(tǒng)的建立提供了空間,犯罪控制的理論形式,即“防衛(wèi)空間”將被充分運用到現(xiàn)代海盜犯罪控制中。現(xiàn)代海盜犯罪已經(jīng)呈現(xiàn)集團(tuán)化、專業(yè)化以及軍事化的新型特征,傳統(tǒng)的控制方式難以再續(xù)輝煌,單純軍事打擊、單一經(jīng)濟(jì)制裁以及傳統(tǒng)區(qū)域控制已經(jīng)嚴(yán)重落后于時代的發(fā)展,還可能造成海盜犯罪向海上恐怖主義的嬗變,增加犯罪控制的成本,如何建立一種由施控者、受控者以及傳遞者構(gòu)成的“防衛(wèi)空間”則是選題價值所在;應(yīng)當(dāng)注意到,施控者主要包括正式主體與非正式主體,正式主體主要包括國家立法機(jī)構(gòu)、司法機(jī)構(gòu)以及政府或者政黨,非正式主體則以法律共同體為代表。受控者當(dāng)然是現(xiàn)代海盜犯罪,重點關(guān)注的是其行為的狀態(tài)以及各個犯罪數(shù)值的考察,根據(jù)對惡性海盜犯罪率、海盜犯罪率以及物資損失與人員損害的統(tǒng)計數(shù)量等因素,通過反饋機(jī)制引導(dǎo)施控者采取相應(yīng)的控制措施進(jìn)行犯罪控制。系統(tǒng)中傳遞者的作用就是在諸多控制方式中根據(jù)實際情況進(jìn)行取舍,從而將上述三者有機(jī)地結(jié)合起來,形成一個較完善的控制體系。而本文的目的在于將這樣一種系統(tǒng)運用于現(xiàn)代海盜犯罪的控制,現(xiàn)代海盜犯罪呈現(xiàn)出較多的新特點,根據(jù)這些特點,國際社會逐漸形成了以國際組織為主體的全球打擊模式,其中具有代表性的是區(qū)域維和模式,在此模式中,施控者一般為多國聯(lián)合艦隊以及各成員國的立法與司法機(jī)構(gòu),受控者為控制區(qū)域內(nèi)的海盜犯罪,值得注意的是區(qū)域內(nèi)的次生犯罪同樣屬于受控者的范圍,例如洗錢、賄賂犯罪等。本文將重點分析施控者的性質(zhì),受控者的狀態(tài)以及傳遞者相應(yīng)的變化;其次說明針對現(xiàn)代海盜犯罪的特點應(yīng)當(dāng)如何選擇控制方式,具體可以分為社會控制與法律控制,社會控制以“防衛(wèi)空間”系統(tǒng)為例,是海盜犯罪的首選控制手段;法律控制則從國際法與國內(nèi)法的關(guān)系,刑事立法與刑事司法的互動兩個方面進(jìn)行合理配置,以達(dá)到控制目標(biāo)。所有上述方式均為了這樣一個目的,即將海盜犯罪控制在一個可承受的范圍內(nèi),同時避免海盜犯罪向其他政治性犯罪轉(zhuǎn)變。本文將采取社會學(xué)與法理學(xué)的分析方法,運用比較的研究方式對本文所列觀點進(jìn)行分析,以期完成將要論述的內(nèi)容。
[Abstract]:It is the logical starting point of this paper to bring the crime of piracy into the theory of crime control. From this point of view, the crime of piracy is divided into the traditional mode and the modern mode. In the traditional mode, the definition of piracy depends on the political tendency of the city-state. Piracy belongs to the category of state behavior. As a political tool, piracy is in the position of assisting maritime states to fight for maritime power. It seems to have nothing to do with crime control. After the religious transformation of the Middle Ages, piracy was not defined as a crime until the modern period, and its essence was a transformation from political to legal. This transformation provides space for the establishment of the crime control system, and the theoretical form of crime control, that is, "defense space", will be fully applied to the crime control of modern pirates. The modern pirate crime has presented the new characteristics of collectivization, specialization and militarization, the traditional control mode is difficult to continue brilliant, simple military strike, single economic sanction and traditional regional control have seriously lagged behind the development of the times. It may also lead to the transmutation of piracy crime to maritime terrorism, increase the cost of crime control, and how to establish a "defense space" composed of the controller, the controlled and the transporter is the value of the selected topic; It should be noted that the perpetrators mainly include the formal and informal subjects. The formal subjects mainly include the national legislative organs, the judiciary and the government or political parties, while the informal subjects are represented by the legal community. Of course, the controlled person is a modern pirate crime. The focus is on the state of his behavior and the number of crimes committed. According to the factors such as the crime rate of vicious piracy, the crime rate of piracy, and the statistics of material loss and damage to personnel, etc., Through the feedback mechanism to guide the perpetrators to take appropriate control measures to control the crime. The role of the transporter in the system is to choose and choose according to the actual situation in many control modes, thus organically combine the above three to form a more perfect control system. The purpose of this paper is to apply such a system to the control of modern pirate crime, which presents many new characteristics. According to these characteristics, the international community has gradually formed a global strike mode with international organizations as the main body. Typical of these is the regional peacekeeping model, in which the perpetrators are generally multinational joint fleets and the legislative and judicial bodies of member States, and those who control piracy crime in the region, It is worth noting that secondary crimes in the region also fall within the scope of control, such as money laundering, bribery, and so on. This paper will focus on the analysis of the nature of the controller, the state of the controlled and the corresponding changes of the transmitter; Secondly, it explains how to choose the control mode in view of the characteristics of modern pirate crime, which can be divided into social control and legal control. Social control takes "defensive space" system as an example, which is the preferred control method of piracy crime. In order to achieve the goal of control, legal control is arranged reasonably from two aspects: the relationship between international law and domestic law, and the interaction between criminal legislation and criminal justice. All of the above are aimed at keeping piracy crimes within an affordable range, while avoiding a shift from piracy to other political crimes. This article will adopt the sociology and the jurisprudence analysis method, uses the comparative research way to carry on the analysis to this article listed viewpoint, in order to complete the content which will discuss.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南政法大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號】：D997.9

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