【摘要】：引渡是國際刑事司法合作的一個(gè)重要形式。在引渡實(shí)踐中先后形成了一系列的不予引渡的原則,并通過國內(nèi)引渡法或引渡條約的形式確定下來,例如政治犯罪不引渡,死刑不引渡、本國,通過加強(qiáng)國際司法合作以聯(lián)合打擊犯罪成為普遍共識(shí)；另一方面,人權(quán)保護(hù)觀念日國民不引渡等等。 上世紀(jì)九十年代以來,隨著冷戰(zhàn)的結(jié)束,國際社會(huì)形勢發(fā)生了重大變化。方面,犯罪日益呈現(xiàn)國際化、嚴(yán)重化趨勢益深入人心,對被請求引渡人權(quán)利的保障受到更多重視：不予以引渡的情況出現(xiàn)不同程度的新發(fā)展趨勢。 本論文共分為四章,主要內(nèi)容和寫作思路如下： 第一章是“概述”,主要介紹了引渡的概念及歷史沿革、不予引渡及其意義,目前不予引渡的立法狀況與司法實(shí)踐,即在國際條約、國內(nèi)立法和國際司法實(shí)踐中是如何體現(xiàn)的。 第二章是“不予引渡的理由”,首先以時(shí)間為線索,簡要介紹了不予引渡的歷史演變。其次,分別從政治犯罪不引渡概述、政治犯罪的界定、政治犯罪不引渡原則的局限性這三方面,詳細(xì)論述了政治犯罪不引渡。再次,在對引渡中倡導(dǎo)人權(quán)保護(hù)的歷史發(fā)展及基于人權(quán)原因不引渡的立法狀況分析的基礎(chǔ)上,詳細(xì)論述了基于人權(quán)原因不引渡的主要情況,分別為：死刑不引渡、酷刑不引渡、基于人道原則不引渡、因不能得到公正審判不引渡。最后,分析了本國國民不引渡的歷史發(fā)展及國際社會(huì)對是否引渡國民的存在著三種立法案例,指出了大陸法系與英美法系對于本國國民不引渡的兩大立場。 第三章是“不予引渡的后果”,筆者從庇護(hù)的概念入手,首先分析了政治犯罪不引渡與庇護(hù)的關(guān)系,因?yàn)楸幼o(hù)在本源上就是指政治庇護(hù),多數(shù)情況下都是出于政治原因。本部分詳細(xì)分析了政治犯不引渡與國家的庇護(hù)權(quán)的相同與不同之處。在此基礎(chǔ)上提出了非政治犯罪不能受到庇護(hù),從而得出結(jié)論一國拒絕引渡與是否給予庇護(hù)是不同的問題。其次,詳細(xì)論述了或引渡或起訴,并指出或引渡或起訴是國家的義務(wù)。 第四章是“不予引渡在中國的實(shí)施”,首先簡要介紹了不予引渡在我國的立法發(fā)展概況及我國《引渡法》中不予引渡相關(guān)規(guī)定。其次,不予引渡在中國的實(shí)踐,包括：我國在政治犯罪不引渡方面的實(shí)踐、我國在死刑不引渡方面的實(shí)踐、我國在本國國民不引渡方面的實(shí)踐,最后分析了我國引渡外逃犯罪份子面臨的問題及我國主動(dòng)應(yīng)對外國不予引渡對策。 最后是“結(jié)論”,對本論文的主要觀點(diǎn)進(jìn)行了概括和總結(jié)。
[Abstract]:Extradition is an important form of international criminal judicial cooperation. In the practice of extradition, a series of principles of non-extradition have been formed successively, and have been determined through domestic extradition laws or extradition treaties, such as non-extradition for political offences, no extradition for the death penalty, and no extradition in the country. There is a general consensus on strengthening international judicial cooperation to jointly combat crime; On the other hand, the concept of human rights protection day no extradition and so on. Since the 1990 s, with the end of the cold war, the international community has undergone major changes. On the other hand, the crime is internationalized day by day, the serious trend is more and more popular, and the protection of the right of the requested person is paid more attention: the situation of not extraditing has a new trend of different degrees. This paper is divided into four chapters, the main contents and writing ideas are as follows: the first chapter is an overview, mainly introduces the concept and historical evolution of extradition, the non-extradition and its significance, the current legislative situation and judicial practice of non-extradition. That is, in international treaties, domestic legislation and international judicial practice is how to reflect. The second chapter is "reasons for not extraditing". Firstly, it introduces the historical evolution of non-extradition based on the clue of time. Secondly, from the three aspects of political crime, the definition of political crime and the limitation of the principle of non-extradition of political crime, this paper discusses in detail that political crime is not extradited. Thirdly, on the basis of the analysis of the historical development of advocating the protection of human rights in extradition and the analysis of the legislative situation of non-extradition on the basis of human rights, the main situations of non-extradition on the basis of human rights are discussed in detail, which are: death penalty non-extradition, torture non-extradition, There is no extradition on the basis of the principle of humanity because it is not possible to obtain a fair trial. Finally, this paper analyzes the historical development of non-extradition of nationals and the existence of three legislative cases in the international community on whether to extradite nationals, and points out the two major positions of civil law system and common law system for non-extradition of nationals. The third chapter is "the consequence of not extraditing". The author starts with the concept of asylum, and first analyzes the relationship between the non-extradition of political crime and asylum, because asylum refers to political asylum in its origin, and in most cases it is for political reasons. This part analyzes in detail the similarities and differences between the non-extradition of political prisoners and the right of asylum of the state. On this basis, it is proposed that non-political crimes cannot be granted asylum, and it is concluded that a country's refusal to extradite is different from whether to grant asylum. Secondly, the Aut dedere Aut judicare is discussed in detail, and it is the obligation of the State to Aut dedere Aut judicare. The fourth chapter is "the implementation of non-extradition in China". Firstly, it briefly introduces the legislative development of non-extradition in China and the relevant provisions in extradition Law of our country. Secondly, the practice of not extraditing in China includes: the practice of not extraditing in political crimes, the practice of non-extradition of death penalty in our country, the practice of non-extradition of nationals in our country. Finally, the paper analyzes the problems faced by extradition of fleeing criminals in China and the countermeasures to deal with the non-extradition of foreign countries on our own initiative. The last part is the conclusion, which generalizes and summarizes the main points of this paper.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：復(fù)旦大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號(hào)】：D998.2

【引證文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 田野;拒絕引渡的法律條件研究[D];遼寧大學(xué);2013年

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本文編號(hào)：2387171