【摘要】：海盜行為在新世紀(jì)的擴(kuò)散,威脅著全球的海上貿(mào)易,影響了世界經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展。在現(xiàn)有的情況下,國(guó)家?guī)缀醪荒艹惺艽驌艉１I行為的財(cái)政的消耗,有能力打擊海盜的國(guó)家或是忽視這個(gè)問(wèn)題,或是忽略這些需要幫助的國(guó)家,毫無(wú)疑問(wèn),大多數(shù)貿(mào)易國(guó)家沒(méi)有用足夠的精力,在思想上也沒(méi)有任何長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)的打算,去準(zhǔn)備用本國(guó)法律打擊海盜。 為了規(guī)避本國(guó)對(duì)海盜的管轄權(quán),部分國(guó)家采用協(xié)議的方式,將抓獲的海盜引渡給第三國(guó),由第三國(guó)行使審判權(quán)。這種廉價(jià)與便捷的方式取得了一定的成效,但由于協(xié)議國(guó)沒(méi)有實(shí)現(xiàn)自己的承諾,使得第三國(guó)不愿再承擔(dān)這個(gè)責(zé)任。 聯(lián)合國(guó)安全理事會(huì)于2008年12月16日通過(guò)1851號(hào)決議,呼吁各國(guó)在索馬里沿岸打擊海盜,部分國(guó)家出動(dòng)軍艦,對(duì)索馬里海盜起到一個(gè)震懾的作用,但大多數(shù)軍艦對(duì)海盜只是驅(qū)趕,就算抓捕,很少對(duì)其進(jìn)行審判,所以說(shuō)這種方法沒(méi)有從根本上解決起訴海盜的問(wèn)題。 建立一個(gè)全球性的反海盜國(guó)際法庭,無(wú)論在成本開(kāi)支的節(jié)約方面,還是在專業(yè)技能方面,都能取得好的成效。為此聯(lián)合國(guó)秘書(shū)長(zhǎng)潘基文在2010年7月26日就如何打擊海盜列出7個(gè)方案供聯(lián)合國(guó)安全理事會(huì)審議。建立全球性反海盜國(guó)際法庭,可以解決各國(guó)不愿行使管轄權(quán)的問(wèn)題,也能解決國(guó)家因財(cái)政問(wèn)題而不起訴海盜的弊端,建立一個(gè)全球性反海盜國(guó)際法庭有其必要性。
[Abstract]:The proliferation of piracy in the new century threatens the global maritime trade and affects the development of the world economy. In the present circumstances, States can hardly afford the financial cost of combating piracy, and there is no doubt that those States that are able to combat piracy either ignore the problem or ignore those in need of help. Most trading nations do not have enough energy, nor do they have any long-term plans to use their own laws to combat piracy. In order to circumvent their jurisdiction over pirates, some countries use the agreement to extradite the captured pirates to third countries, and the third countries exercise jurisdiction. This cheap and convenient approach has paid off, but third countries are reluctant to shoulder this responsibility because they have failed to live up to their commitments. The UN Security Council adopted resolution 1851 on December 16, 2008, calling on all countries to fight piracy off the coast of Somalia. Some countries have deployed warships to act as a deterrent to Somali pirates. But most warships only drive out pirates. Even if they are arrested, they are rarely tried, so this approach does not fundamentally solve the problem of piracy prosecution. The establishment of a global international anti-piracy court can achieve good results in terms of cost savings as well as expertise. To this end, UN Secretary General Ban Ki-moon on July 26, 2010, on how to combat piracy listed seven options for consideration by the UN Security Council. The establishment of a global anti-piracy international court can solve the problem that countries are unwilling to exercise jurisdiction, but also solve the malpractice that countries do not prosecute pirates because of financial problems. It is necessary to establish a global anti-piracy international court.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湖南師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號(hào)】：D997.9

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