【摘要】：在國際經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化的趨勢(shì)下,國際貿(mào)易迅速發(fā)展,世界各國的企業(yè)對(duì)國際市場的依賴程度日益增加。但與此同時(shí),各國在發(fā)展對(duì)外貿(mào)易的同時(shí),相互之間的摩擦也日益增多,使用WTO允許的反傾銷、反補(bǔ)貼和保障措施三種貿(mào)易救濟(jì)方式對(duì)處理國際貿(mào)易過程中的爭端發(fā)揮著巨大作用,能夠?qū)H貿(mào)易的秩序起到規(guī)范作用。WTO允許的貿(mào)易救濟(jì)方式合法合理的使用能夠保障國際貿(mào)易的健康發(fā)展,但是如果各國將其作為保護(hù)本國產(chǎn)業(yè)利益的工具而加以濫用,則會(huì)引起國際貿(mào)易過程中的不公平、不公正待遇,對(duì)國際貿(mào)易的發(fā)展起阻礙作用。中國實(shí)行改革開放政策以來,經(jīng)濟(jì)迅速發(fā)展,對(duì)外貿(mào)易額也迅速增加,市場經(jīng)濟(jì)體制逐步完善,在世界范圍內(nèi)取得了舉世矚目的成就。但是中國在國際貿(mào)易領(lǐng)域卻面臨著諸多的不公平待遇,中國現(xiàn)已成為世界遭受反傾銷調(diào)查最多的國家,反傾銷已被作為美國、歐盟等國家貿(mào)易保護(hù)主義的工具在國際貿(mào)易中頻繁使用。中國入世以后,卻又始終面臨著“非市場經(jīng)濟(jì)”地位問題所帶來的困擾,中國產(chǎn)品在接受外國的反傾銷調(diào)查時(shí)經(jīng)常被使用替代國制度來計(jì)算產(chǎn)品的正常價(jià)值。 第一部分介紹替代國制度的基本理論,包括替代國制度的概念、替代國制度在國際法上的發(fā)展演變,最后介紹替代國制度產(chǎn)生的法律原因。 第二部分闡述的是替代國制度對(duì)中國的影響,首先從介紹中國遭受反傾銷調(diào)查的基本狀況和目前中國反傾銷法律制度的基本狀況出發(fā),分析替代國制度對(duì)中國的歧視性待遇以及“非市場經(jīng)濟(jì)”問題的實(shí)質(zhì)。 第三部分是對(duì)美國、歐盟、加拿大、澳大利亞和印度的反傾銷法中替代國制度的研究。 第四部分通過揭示替代國制度貿(mào)易保護(hù)主義本質(zhì),分析該制度和WTO基本原則和WTO反傾銷法律規(guī)則的關(guān)系,最后從法理學(xué)的角度對(duì)其進(jìn)行合理性進(jìn)行探討。 第五部分是基于對(duì)替代國制度的特征和本質(zhì)而對(duì)中國政府、企業(yè)和立法層面提出的對(duì)策和建議,對(duì)于合理應(yīng)對(duì)替代國制度具有重要意義。
[Abstract]:Under the trend of international economic globalization, international trade develops rapidly, and the enterprises in the world depend on the international market day by day. But at the same time, while developing foreign trade, the friction among countries is also increasing day by day. The antidumping allowed by WTO is used. Anti-subsidy and safeguard measures play an important role in dealing with disputes in the process of international trade. The legal and reasonable use of the trade relief allowed by the WTO can ensure the healthy development of international trade, but if countries abuse it as a tool to protect their industrial interests, It will cause unfair and unfair treatment in the process of international trade and hinder the development of international trade. Since the implementation of the policy of reform and opening to the outside world, China's economy has developed rapidly, its foreign trade volume has also increased rapidly, the market economy system has been gradually improved, and it has made remarkable achievements in the world. However, China is facing a lot of unfair treatment in the field of international trade. China has now become the country that has suffered the most anti-dumping investigations in the world, and anti-dumping has been regarded as the United States. The instruments of trade protectionism in the European Union and other countries are frequently used in international trade. After China's entry into WTO, however, it is always confronted with the problem of "non-market economy" status. Chinese products are often used to calculate the normal value of products when they accept anti-dumping investigations from foreign countries. The first part introduces the basic theory of surrogate country system, including the concept of surrogate country system, the development and evolution of surrogate country system in international law, and finally introduces the legal reasons for the generation of surrogate country system. The second part expounds the influence of surrogate country system on China. Firstly, it introduces the basic situation of anti-dumping investigation in China and the basic status of China's antidumping legal system at present. This paper analyzes the discriminatory treatment of surrogate country system against China and the essence of "non-market economy". The third part is a study of the surrogate country system in the anti-dumping laws of the United States, the European Union, Canada, Australia and India. In the fourth part, by revealing the nature of trade protectionism in surrogate country system, the author analyzes the relationship between the system and the basic principles of WTO and the anti-dumping legal rules of WTO. Finally, the rationality of the system is discussed from the angle of jurisprudence. The fifth part is based on the characteristics and nature of the surrogate country system to the Chinese government, enterprises and legislative level put forward countermeasures and suggestions, for a reasonable response to the surrogate country system is of great significance.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國海洋大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號(hào)】：D996.1;F752.02

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本文編號(hào)：2263813