涉外消費爭議解決機制研究
發(fā)布時間：2018-10-08 21:56
【摘要】：隨著全球化趨勢的不斷增強,中國經(jīng)濟逐漸融入世界統(tǒng)一大市場,涉外消費隨處可見,消費爭議亦隨之呈明顯增加趨勢。由于各國經(jīng)濟政治、歷史傳統(tǒng)等方面的差異,各國有關消費者保護的國內(nèi)實體法不盡相同,所以,對于同一涉外消費案件,會因適用不同國家法律產(chǎn)生結(jié)果不一的判決。消費者雖然已成為市場經(jīng)濟運行中不可或缺的市場主體,但是基于信息資源的不對稱,經(jīng)濟力量和法律保護等方面所處的劣勢地位,當消費者與經(jīng)營者在涉外消費法律關系中發(fā)生爭議時,消費者的合法權益往往會受到強勢商人的不法侵害。同一涉外消費糾紛產(chǎn)生不同的結(jié)果,對消費者而言,可能不僅會對其造成困惑,而且會違反公平與正義,不利于保護消費者的合法權益。因此,為了給消費者提供充分有效的法律保護,有必要進一步研究涉外消費爭議解決機制。 我國有關涉外消費爭議案件的解決,雖然消費者權益受到侵害的救濟路徑較多,但實際效果并不盡如人意,消費者的權益仍然無法得到公平救濟。因此,必須在認真探討這些傳統(tǒng)的手段是否還適合解決當今消費糾紛的同時,借鑒國外消費爭議解決的方式,根據(jù)我國的實際情況和消費糾紛的特點,以解決我國消費爭議為目的,對消費爭議解決機制進一步探討,從而保障消費者的合法權益,尤其較之他國消費者時,確保我國消費者能被平等對待。 關于涉外消費爭議解決機制的研究,全文共分四個部分。 第一部分,涉外消費爭議及其解決機制概述。本部分以涉外消費的界定為切入點,分析涉外消費爭議解決機制產(chǎn)生的原因、特點和淵源等,進而為涉外消費爭端解決機制的構建提供理論基礎。 第二部分,我國涉外消費爭議解決的現(xiàn)狀和立法缺陷。隨著經(jīng)濟全球化的發(fā)展,涉外民商事交往頻繁,涉外消費爭議與日俱增,我國面臨著巨大挑戰(zhàn),因而有必要分析我國涉外消費爭議解決機制的立法現(xiàn)狀及其不足之處,如非訴機制和訴訟機制的缺陷以及我國產(chǎn)品責任相關立法的缺失,進而完善我國消費爭議解決機制。 第三部分,對主要國家的涉外消費爭議解決機制比較研究。對當今主要國家(歐美)的消費爭議解決機制的比較研究是從消費爭議解決的司法途徑(如小額訴訟法庭、集團訴訟等)和非司法途徑(消費仲裁)入手,分析其特殊的消費爭議解決機制。 第四部分,國外消費爭議解決機制對我國的啟示。通過借鑒國外關于消費爭議解決的經(jīng)驗,試圖選擇最有利于我國保護消費者權益的爭議解決方式,如發(fā)展和完善我國涉外消費爭議的非訴解決機制、建立健全的特殊涉外消費訴訟制度等,進而構建適合我國社會和諧發(fā)展的涉外消費爭議解決機制,以期為以后相關理論的研究和實踐提供一些有價值的參考意見。
[Abstract]:With the increasing trend of globalization, China's economy gradually melts into the world's unified market, foreign consumption can be seen everywhere, and consumption disputes are also obviously increasing. Due to the differences of economy, politics, history and tradition among different countries, the domestic substantive law on consumer protection is not the same. Therefore, for the same case involving foreign consumption, there will be different judgments due to the application of the laws of different countries. Although consumers have become an indispensable market subject in the operation of the market economy, but because of the asymmetry of information resources, the inferior position of economic power and legal protection, When there is a dispute between the consumer and the operator in the legal relationship concerning foreign consumption, the legitimate rights and interests of the consumer are often infringed upon by the powerful businessman. The same foreign consumption disputes have different results, which may not only cause confusion to consumers, but also violate fairness and justice, which is not conducive to protecting the legitimate rights and interests of consumers. Therefore, in order to provide sufficient and effective legal protection for consumers, it is necessary to further study the dispute settlement mechanism of foreign consumption. Although there are many remedy ways for consumers' rights and interests to be infringed, the actual effect is not satisfactory, and consumers' rights and interests still can not get fair relief. Therefore, we must seriously explore whether these traditional means are also suitable for resolving today's consumption disputes, and at the same time, draw lessons from the foreign consumption dispute resolution methods, according to the actual situation and characteristics of consumption disputes in our country. In order to solve the consumption disputes in China, this paper further discusses the mechanism of resolving consumption disputes, so as to protect the legitimate rights and interests of consumers, especially when compared with consumers in other countries, to ensure that consumers in our country can be treated equally. There are four parts in this paper. The first part is an overview of foreign consumption disputes and their settlement mechanism. This part takes the definition of foreign consumption as the breakthrough point, analyzes the reason, characteristics and origin of the dispute settlement mechanism, and then provides the theoretical basis for the construction of the foreign-related consumption dispute settlement mechanism. The second part, the current situation and legislative defects of foreign consumption dispute settlement in China. With the development of economic globalization, the foreign civil and commercial exchanges are frequent, and the foreign consumption disputes are increasing day by day. Therefore, it is necessary to analyze the current legislative situation and the deficiencies of the foreign consumption dispute settlement mechanism in our country. Such as the defects of non-litigation mechanism and the absence of legislation related to product liability in our country, and then consummate the mechanism of consumer dispute resolution in China. The third part is a comparative study on the foreign consumption dispute settlement mechanism of major countries. The comparative study on the mechanism of consumer dispute settlement in the major countries (Europe and America) begins with the judicial approaches (such as small claims courts, class actions, etc.) and non-judicial channels (consumer arbitration). Analyze its special consumption dispute settlement mechanism. The fourth part, the foreign consumption dispute settlement mechanism to our country enlightenment. By using the experience of foreign countries for reference, this paper tries to choose the most favorable ways to solve the disputes in protecting the rights and interests of consumers in China, such as the development and improvement of the non-litigation settlement mechanism of foreign consumption disputes in China. In order to provide some valuable reference for the research and practice of related theories, we should set up a perfect system of consumption-related litigation and so on, and then construct a mechanism of resolving disputes concerning foreign consumption which is suitable for the harmonious development of our society.
【學位授予單位】：廣西師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2011
【分類號】：D997.3
本文編號：2258406
[Abstract]:With the increasing trend of globalization, China's economy gradually melts into the world's unified market, foreign consumption can be seen everywhere, and consumption disputes are also obviously increasing. Due to the differences of economy, politics, history and tradition among different countries, the domestic substantive law on consumer protection is not the same. Therefore, for the same case involving foreign consumption, there will be different judgments due to the application of the laws of different countries. Although consumers have become an indispensable market subject in the operation of the market economy, but because of the asymmetry of information resources, the inferior position of economic power and legal protection, When there is a dispute between the consumer and the operator in the legal relationship concerning foreign consumption, the legitimate rights and interests of the consumer are often infringed upon by the powerful businessman. The same foreign consumption disputes have different results, which may not only cause confusion to consumers, but also violate fairness and justice, which is not conducive to protecting the legitimate rights and interests of consumers. Therefore, in order to provide sufficient and effective legal protection for consumers, it is necessary to further study the dispute settlement mechanism of foreign consumption. Although there are many remedy ways for consumers' rights and interests to be infringed, the actual effect is not satisfactory, and consumers' rights and interests still can not get fair relief. Therefore, we must seriously explore whether these traditional means are also suitable for resolving today's consumption disputes, and at the same time, draw lessons from the foreign consumption dispute resolution methods, according to the actual situation and characteristics of consumption disputes in our country. In order to solve the consumption disputes in China, this paper further discusses the mechanism of resolving consumption disputes, so as to protect the legitimate rights and interests of consumers, especially when compared with consumers in other countries, to ensure that consumers in our country can be treated equally. There are four parts in this paper. The first part is an overview of foreign consumption disputes and their settlement mechanism. This part takes the definition of foreign consumption as the breakthrough point, analyzes the reason, characteristics and origin of the dispute settlement mechanism, and then provides the theoretical basis for the construction of the foreign-related consumption dispute settlement mechanism. The second part, the current situation and legislative defects of foreign consumption dispute settlement in China. With the development of economic globalization, the foreign civil and commercial exchanges are frequent, and the foreign consumption disputes are increasing day by day. Therefore, it is necessary to analyze the current legislative situation and the deficiencies of the foreign consumption dispute settlement mechanism in our country. Such as the defects of non-litigation mechanism and the absence of legislation related to product liability in our country, and then consummate the mechanism of consumer dispute resolution in China. The third part is a comparative study on the foreign consumption dispute settlement mechanism of major countries. The comparative study on the mechanism of consumer dispute settlement in the major countries (Europe and America) begins with the judicial approaches (such as small claims courts, class actions, etc.) and non-judicial channels (consumer arbitration). Analyze its special consumption dispute settlement mechanism. The fourth part, the foreign consumption dispute settlement mechanism to our country enlightenment. By using the experience of foreign countries for reference, this paper tries to choose the most favorable ways to solve the disputes in protecting the rights and interests of consumers in China, such as the development and improvement of the non-litigation settlement mechanism of foreign consumption disputes in China. In order to provide some valuable reference for the research and practice of related theories, we should set up a perfect system of consumption-related litigation and so on, and then construct a mechanism of resolving disputes concerning foreign consumption which is suitable for the harmonious development of our society.
【學位授予單位】：廣西師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2011
【分類號】：D997.3
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