農(nóng)業(yè)植物遺傳資源法律保護(hù)研究
[Abstract]:Agricultural plant genetic resources are human life resources with irreplaceable environmental protection value and strategic economic value. China is a large agricultural country with a long history of agricultural crop cultivation. It is one of the most abundant agricultural plant genetic resources in the world. It has become an important object for developed countries to seize resources in the process of biotechnology revolution. Since the end of the last century, relevant international organizations have made great efforts to collect, study and protect plant genetic resources that are essential for agricultural development. The World Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) and the World intellectual property Organization (WIPO) have both taken it as the subject of discussion and have formulated relevant international treaties, respectively, establishing the principle of national sovereignty over genetic resources and the principle of prior informed consent, The principle of fair sharing of benefits and the principle of open source, etc. No matter how the economic environment changes, the issue of the legal protection of agricultural plant genetic resources has always been a permanent topic. Both developed and developing countries pay more and more attention to the degree of plant genetic resources control in the fierce competition of biological economy, and regard it as one of the elements to measure the national strength. Up to now, many scholars in China have begun to pay attention to the legal protection of agricultural plant genetic resources, but at present, there is no legal protection system of agricultural plant genetic resources in line with international rules. Subject, object, content and realization of the basic issues need to be further studied. Based on the bitter lessons of the historical case of the loss of agricultural plant genetic resources, our country should look to the future and always grasp the international and domestic two levels. Taking an active part in international cooperation on the basis of in-depth study of relevant international treaties and on the basis of national conditions, and adhering to the fundamental principles of the Convention on Biological Diversity, To promote China's accession to the International Treaty on Plant genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture, and to try to build a regional and specialized international treaty. At the same time, by analyzing the realization mechanism of the principle of benefit-sharing and learning the existing formative legal model of other countries, choosing the best path to improve the deficiency of our country's law in benefit-sharing. On the one hand, a special legal system should be established as soon as possible to protect agricultural plant genetic resources, on the other hand, other legal systems should be perfected as a supplement to the special system. In addition, China can try to establish a single administrative management model under the unified leadership of the Committee on Plant genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture from the top down, so as to improve the administrative efficiency in order to protect the precious agricultural plant genetic resources to the maximum extent.
【學(xué)位授予單位】:中國海洋大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】:碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】:2012
【分類號】:D997.1
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